This study investigated the effects of oak tannins on metabolic syndrome in mice fed high-fat diets. In study 1, mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with oak powder showed reduced body weight gain and improved glucose homeostasis compared to mice fed only a high-fat diet. Study 1 mice supplemented with oak tannins also had reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and lower expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the liver. In study 2, mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with oak wine concentrate showed similar metabolic improvements compared to mice fed only a high-fat diet or a high-fat diet supplemented with unoaked wine concentrate. The results suggest that oak tannins may help reduce metabolic syndrome symptoms in mice consuming high-
Signs It’s Time for Physiotherapy Sessions Prioritizing Wellness
Metabolic Syndrome is Teduced in C57BL/6J Mice Fed High-fat Diets Supplemented with Oak Tannins
1. Metabolic Syndrome is Reduced in C57BL/6J Mice
Fed High-fat Diets Supplemented with Oak Tannins
Ting Luo, Marlena Sturm, and Neil F Shay
Department of Food Science and Technology
Oregon State University
Tedd Goldfinger
Desert Heart Foundation
April 2017
3. Wine develops a complex mixture of polymeric phytochemicals called
tannins.
These tannins are hydrolysable; in that they break down in the digestive
tract.
Oak (Quercus sp.) contains ellagic acid, gallic acid, and many other related
compounds like tannic acid. Some compounds are produced during the
‘toasting’ process during barrel making.
4. Study Design:
Low-fat (LF, healthy)
diet:
10% fat, mixed carbs
High-fat (HF) diet:
~45% fat;
+ high sat fat
+ high cholesterol
+ added sugar
Test Diets: HF + “X”
Hypothetical Body Weight
vs. Time Graph:
5. In this case, we let the “X” in
“HF + X” be oak tannin from Scott
Laboratories (Study 1)
- And -
lab-made wine concentrates from
corresponding oaked and
unoaked wines (Study 2).
6. Table 2: Parameters Measured
Body Weight & Composition
Serum Lipids
Serum Glucose & Insulin
Serum Inflammatory Markers
Serum Hormone Levels
Liver Lipids & Histology
Gene Expression in Liver
Table 1: Diet Groups
Study 1
1 - LF Control
2 - HF Control
3 - HF + Oak Powder
Study 2
1 - LF Control
2 - HF Control
3 - HF + Unoaked Wine
Concentrate (UWC)
4 - HF + Oaked Wine
Concentrate (OWC)
7. Mice had free access to
the experimental diets for
10 weeks. BWs were
recorded weekly, Glucose
testing done in week 8.
16. Brief Conclusions:
1: When added to the HF diet at a level consistent
with dietary supplement intake (~ 500
mg/day/human), a commercially-available oak
tannin, intended for winemaking, improved
metabolism of HF-fed mice.
2: When testing oaked and unoaked wine
concentrates added to HF diet, the oaked
concentrate appears to improve metabolism to a
greater degree.
3: Oak tannins appear to be potent bioactive
compounds
There were two control groups providing a healthy low-level of dietary fat and the high-fat diet. The third group was the high fat diet with the equivalent of 1.5 servings of walnuts. Diets were macronutrient balanced so that every high fat diet contained 45% fat, 20% protein, and 35% carbohydrate.
The other nine diets were the high-fat with walnut, plus one other whole food added to the diet. Again, all of these diets were macronutrient balanced as I just described.
One way to think about this design is that the addition of walnuts are adding a significant addition of 18:3 alpha linolenic acid, and then a second food was typically adding polyphenols characteristic of that second food.
Mice were provided free access to all diets and the feeding period was 10 weeks.
A glucose tolerance test was completed near the end of the 10-week term.
Here’s our lab crew, my three grad students Omar, Ting, and Allysa getting the diets bagged up. A fresh supply of diet was provided each week and food intake and spillage was measured throughout the study.
