This document provides an overview of mesh and nodal analysis techniques for solving circuits. It defines key terms like branches, nodes, meshes, and loops. Mesh analysis involves identifying meshes, labeling mesh currents, writing mesh equations using KVL and Ohm's law, and solving the equations for currents. Nodal analysis involves identifying nodes, choosing a reference node, assigning voltages, writing KCL equations for each node setting the sum to zero, and solving the system. Examples of applying each technique are provided.

1. BE8251-Basic Electrical and
Electronics Engineering
MESH AND NODALANALYSIS

2. BRANCH
•That part or section of a circuit which located between two
junctions are called the branch.
•In a branch, one or more elements can be connected and they
have two terminals.
In the figure AB, BC,
CD,AD, BD are branches.

3. NODE
• A point or junction where two or more circuit’s elements
(resistor, capacitor, inductor etc) meeting point is
called Node.
• In other words, a point of connection between two or more
branches is known as a Node.
•
• In the fig the nodes are B,D

4. MESH
• A closed loop which contains no other loop within it is called
Mesh.
• In the figure the loops are A-B-D-A, B-C-D-B.

5. LOOP
A closed path in a circuit where more than two meshes can
occur is known as Loop
In simple words, It is a closed path in a circuit.
l = b – n + 1
l = no of loops
b = no of branches
n = no of nodes

6. Contd.,
In the figure the loops are A-B-D-A, B-C-D-B, A-B-C-D-A

7. MESH ANALYSIS
•Step 1 − Identify the meshes and label the mesh currents in
either clockwise or anti-clockwise direction.
•Step 2 − Observe the amount of current that flows through
each element in terms of mesh currents.
•Step 3 − Write mesh equations to all meshes. Mesh equation
is obtained by applying KVL first and then Ohm’s law.
•Step 4 − Solve the mesh equations obtained in Step 3 in
order to get the mesh currents.

8. EXAMPLE

14. NODALANALYSIS
Step: 1 - Identify all nodes.
Step: 2 - Choose a reference node. Identify it with reference
(ground) symbol.
Step: 3 - Assign voltage variables to the other nodes (these
are node voltages.)
Step: 4 - Write a KCL equation for each node (sum the currents
leaving the node and set equal to zero).
Step: 5 - Solve the system of equations from step 4.

15. EXAMPLE:

16. Solution:

20. Thank you