This document summarizes the medicinal uses of several common plants in India. It describes 12 plants - Tulsi, Aloe Vera, Hibiscus, Ginger, Neem, Turmeric, Shatavari, Green Tea, Peppermint, and concludes with some key points. For each plant, it provides the scientific classification and 2-4 sentences on traditional medicinal uses to treat common illnesses. The uses include treatments for cold, inflammation, skin conditions, digestive issues, and more. It emphasizes that many Indian plants have been used for thousands of years in Ayurvedic medicine and have beneficial properties.

1. INTRODUCTION
• 45000 medicinal plant species in India.
• About 2000 species appear in the
literature.
• 500 species commonly used in
indigenous system.
• 90% of species available for screening.
• 4000 species screened for activity.
• Phyto-therapy (Herbal medicine), the
natural therapies, by contrast, aims not
to ‘cure’ disease by a technological fix.
• Only 15% of estimated plant species on
earth have been investigated for possible
medicinal uses

2. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum)
• Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as Holy Basil, tulsi,
or tulasī, is an aromatic plant in the family Lamiaceae
which is native throughout the Eastern World tropics
and widespread as a cultivated plant. It is an erect, much
branched subshrub, 30–60 cm tall with hairy stems and
simple, opposite, green leaves that are strongly scented.
Leaves have petioles, and are ovate, up to 5 cm long,
usually slightly toothed. The flowers are purplish in
elongate racemes in close whorls. The two main
morphotypes cultivated in India and Nepal are green-
leaved (Sri or Lakshmi tulsi) and purple-leaved
(Krishna tulsi).
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Ocimum
Species: O. tenuiflorum

3. Common cold, inflammation, malaria,
heart disease, headaches, stomach
disorders, kidney stones, heart disorders.
 In the purification of atmosphere.
To cure sore throat.
Remove stones via the urinary tract.
Itching of the skin over the abdomen and
the breasts of a pregnant woman is
relieved by the application paste of Tulsi.
Breast milk will improve in quality if the
woman is given a mixture of 20 gms of
Tulsi juice, 20 gms of the juice of maize
leaves, 10 gms of the juice-or extract-of
asgandh (ashwagandha), and 10 gms of
honey, for seven days following delivery.
MEDICINAL USE

4. Aloe vera(Aloe barbadensis )
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Xanthorrhoeaceae
Subfamily: Asphodeloideae
Genus: Aloe
Species: A. vera
• Aloe vera is a succulent plant species that probably
originated in northern Africa. The species does not have
any naturally occurring populations, although closely
related aloes do occur in northern Africa. The species is
frequently cited as being used in herbal medicine since
the beginning of the first century AD. Extracts from A.
vera are widely used in the cosmetics and
alternative medicine industries, being marketed as
variously having rejuvenating, healing or soothing
properties.

5. Difficult urination - Continuous
diluted aloe juices should be taken
time to time to alleviate this
condition.
In wounds - Boil aloe leaves and
take the fleshy part of the leaves
over wounds.
 As a cosmetic - Aloe is one of the
best known moisturizers and used
in creams and shampoos.
Jaundice - A few drops of aloe juice
is installed in the nostrils to control
jaundice.
Aloe vera gel has anti-fungal, anti-
bacterial and anti-viral effects and
helps to heal minor wounds.
MEDICINAL USE

6. Hibiscus (rosa-sinensis)
.
Hibiscus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family,
Malvaceae. It is quite large, containing several hundred
species that are native to warm-temperate, subtropical and
tropical regions throughout the world. Member species are
often noted for their showy flowers and are commonly known
simply as hibiscus, or less widely known as rose mallow.
The genus includes both annual and perennial
herbaceous plants, as well as woody shrubs and small trees.
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Angiosperms
Class: Eudicots
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Subfamily: Malvoideae
Tribe: Hibisceae
Genus: Hibiscus L.

7. Hair care: curd + powder of amla +
3-4 cursed petals flower keep it over
night and apply on hair.
It is used to make gulkand i.e layers
of petals +sugar (khadi sakar) &
kept in sunlight for 1-2
Tea: petals of Hibiscus flowers +
boiled water + cinnamon + lemony
flavor and a very attractive
burgundy color.
Traditional use of the flowers:
leaves + burning them in ghee to
produce a black dye which was used
to blacken eyes and eyebrows.
MEDICINAL USE

8. Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale,
consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to
its genus and family (Zingiberaceae). Other notable members of
this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal.
Ginger cultivation began in South Asia and has since spread to
East Africa and the Caribbean.[2]
Ginger produces clusters of
white and pink flower buds that bloom into yellow flowers.
Because of its aesthetic appeal and the adaptation of the plant to
warm climates, ginger is often used in cooking.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Genus: Zingiber
Species: Z. officinale

9. Ginger is stimulating to the heart,
helping to regulate its function.
Ginger is excellent in reducing
nausea caused by pregnancy.
Drink ginger tea with or without
honey three to four times a day to
relieve sore throat.
Eating a little powder of dry ginger
mixed with sesame seed oil is
helpful in getting rid of foul smell of
perspiration.
Take a teaspoon of ginger root juice
with honey for lowering your
cholesterol. This also prevents the
formation of blood clots.
MEDICINAL USE

10. Neem (Azadirachta indica)
• The NEEM tree (Azadirachta indica) is a tropical evergreen
tree native to India and is also found in other southeast
countries. In India, neem is known as “the village pharmacy”
because of its healing versatility, and it has been used in
Ayurvedic medicine for more than 4,000 years due to its
medicinal properties. Neem is also called ‘arista’ in Sanskrit-
a word that means ‘perfect, complete and imperishable’. The
seeds, bark and leaves contain compounds with proven
antiseptic, antiviral, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer
and antifungal uses. The Sanskrit name ‘nimba’ comes from
the term ‘nimbati syasthyamdadati’ which means ‘to give
good health’.
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Order: Sapindales
Family: Meliaceae
Genus: Azadirachta
Species: A. indica

11. Neem seeds are useful in treating
tuberculosis .
The timber of neem tree is very durable
and is used for house building and
carpentry work.
Dried leaves are placed among clothes to
keep moths away.
It is usually rubbed directly on the
infected skin
It kills germs and cleanses the
atmosphere.
The neem leaves can help to reduce
swelling and purify blood.
Neem should not be taken by anyone
who is pregnant or trying to conceive.
MEDICINAL USE

12. Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
• Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a rhizomatous
herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family,
Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropicalSouth Asia and
needs temperatures between 20°C and 30°C (68°F and
86°F) and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to
thrive.Plants are gathered annually for their rhizomes,
and propagated from some of those rhizomes in the
following season.
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Genus: Curcuma
Species: C. longa

13. Uses of turmeric acts as a powerful
medicine in jaundice, menstrual
difficulties, bloody urine,
haemorrhage, toothache, chest pain.
Scientific researches confirm that
regular use of turmeric can cure host
of chronic diseases.
 Taken internally or used externally,
turmeric acts as an anti-viral, anti-
bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-
parasitic.
Turmeric is a powerful anti-
inflammatory and antiseptic, useful
for bronchial asthma, chronic cough.
Turmeric has an anti-coagulant
action, keeping the blood thin.
It acts as an anti-aging agent.
MEDICINAL USE

14. Shatavari(Asparagus racemosus)
Asparagus racemosus (Satavar, Shatavari, or Shatamull) is a
species of asparagus common throughout Sri Lanka, India and
the Himalayas. It grows one to two metres tall and prefers to take
root in gravelly, rocky soils high up in piedmont plains, at
1,300–1,400 metres elevation).It was botanically described in
1799.Due to its multiple uses, the demand for Asparagus
racemosus is constantly on the rise. Due to destructive
harvesting, combined with habitat destruction, and deforestation,
the plant is now considered 'endangered' in its natural habitat.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Asparagoideae
Genus: Asparagus
Species: A. racemosus

15. Shatavari supports normal function of
the immune and digestive system.
It is useful for infertility, threatened
miscarriage, menopause and has the
ability to balance pH in the cervical area.
Shatavari is also quite effective for
stomach ulcers, hyperacidity diarrhea
and bronchial infections.
It has the ability to balance pH in the
cervical area.
Shatavari supports reproductive health
by toning and nourishing the female
reproductive organs.
 Shatavari can enhance production of
breast milk in nursing females.
.
MEDICINAL USE

16. Green Tea ( Camellia sinensis)
• Green tea is made from the leaves from Camellia sinensis that
have undergone minimal oxidation during processing. Green tea
originates in China, but it has become associated with many
cultures throughout Asia. Green tea has recently become more
widespread in the West, where black tea has been the
traditionally consumed tea. Green tea has become the raw
material for extracts which are used in various beverages,
health foods, dietary supplements, and cosmetic items. Many
varieties of green tea have been created in the countries where
it is grown. These varieties can differ substantially due to
variable growing conditions, horticulture, production
processing, and harvesting time.
Botanical name: Camellia
sinensis
Family: Theaceae, the tea family
Two varieties are recognised:
Camellia sinensis var. sinensis
(China tea).
Camellia sinensis var. assamica
(Assam tea, Indian tea).

17. A common use of green tea as a
disinfectant is for gargling. Gargling
with green tea helps to prevent illness.
The variety of health benefits,
including cancer prevention,
promotion of oral health, easing
rheumatoid arthritis and antibacterial
activity
It can help to promote the burning of
fat in the body, as well as help to
regulate blood sugar and insulin levels.
Green tea's many beneficial actions are
considered to be anti-viral, antioxidant,
diuretic, expectorant, caridiotonic etc.
Green tea contain catechin which helps
in weight loss.
Tea and skin care: The tannins in tea
are great for your skin, add a few
teabags to your bathwater, or add
loose leaf green tea to your favorite
herbal bath blend.
MEDICINAL USE

18. Peppermint (Mentha piperita)
• Peppermint (Mentha × piperita, also known as M.
balsamea Willd) is a hybrid mint, a cross between
watermint and spearmint. The plant, indigenous to
Europe, is now widespread in cultivation throughout all
regions of the world.It is found wild occasionally with its
parent species.
• Peppermint was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus
from specimens that had been collected in England; he
treated it as a species, but it is now universally agreed to
be a hybrid.
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Mentha

19. Peppermint can provide relief from the
common cold, congestion, and to reduce
pain.
Peppermint is often used to soothe an
upset stomach or to aid in digestion.
Peppermint gives a subtle numbing
effect that is why it often used to treat
many pains from headaches, menstrual
cramps.
It is also used to treat skin irritations,
nausea, and diarrhea.
Peppermint can be used for cold, fever,
indigestion, gas, stomachache,
headache, morning sickness (anti-
nauseant), nervous tension and
insomnia
MEDICINAL USE

20. CONCLUSION
Use nature in a
positive way.
Proven effective.
Do not contain
contaminants.
.

21. Certificate of approval
Central Board of Secondary Education
This is to certify that Samarpita saha of class XII
Science bearing Roll nos_______ ,have
successfully completed the physics Project under
my supervision and guidance and have given a
satisfactory account in this report.
This project will fulfill the requirement of AISCCE
CBSE PHYSICS PRACTICAL EXAMINATION.
I wish her success in future.
___________ ____________
Head of institute External examiner
__________
Signature of
the subject
teacher
PRIYADARSHINI PUBLIC SCHOOL

22. I am very to our principal Mrs. Ranjana
Chowdhury who has encouraged us through
class XII. She has our chief source of inspiration
in this aspect.
I am very grateful to our teacher Saraswati das
under whose guidance we have completed our
project work.
I am thankful to our lab assistant of physics
department who has provided us with required
materials.
I extended my heart felt thanks to my parents
without whose help I won't have been what I
am today.
Date:
Signature: