This document provides information about meat, its composition, different types of meat from various animals, cuts of beef and pork, and meat processing and cooking. It discusses that meat is mainly composed of water, protein and fat. It describes red and white meat, and gives examples of different meats including beef, pork, lamb, poultry and fish. It outlines the basic cuts of beef and pork carcasses. It also covers meat processing methods like curing and canning, and provides tips for storing and cooking meat.
Powerpoint presentation of "Soups" in Principles of food production.
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Powerpoint presentation of "Soups" in Principles of food production.
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Powerpoint presentation of "Sauces" in Principles of food production (.
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Powerpoint presentation of "Seasoning and flavoring herbs and spices" in Principles of food production (.
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Powerpoint presentation of "Sauces" in Principles of food production (.
Disclaimer: I do not own the rights nor property of this powerpoint presentation. All rights reserved to the owner.
Don't forget to follow me on twitter @joviinthecity
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xoxo
-Jovi
Powerpoint presentation of "Seasoning and flavoring herbs and spices" in Principles of food production (.
Disclaimer: I do not own the rights nor property of this powerpoint presentation. All rights reserved to the owner.
Don't forget to follow me on twitter @joviinthecity
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LESSON 1 PREPARE AND COOKING MEAT GRADE 10manwithoutapfp
In this lesson, Grade 10 students will learn the essential skills and techniques for preparing and cooking meat. Understanding how to properly handle and cook meat is crucial for both culinary enthusiasts and aspiring chefs. The lesson will cover various aspects, including selecting quality cuts of meat, proper handling and storage techniques, as well as different cooking methods to enhance flavor and texture.
Key Learning Objectives:
Understanding Meat Selection: Students will learn how to identify quality cuts of meat, considering factors such as marbling, color, and freshness.
Proper Meat Handling: Students will be taught proper techniques for handling raw meat to prevent contamination and ensure food safety.
Meat Preparation Techniques: Students will learn basic meat preparation techniques, including trimming, portioning, and tenderizing.
Cooking Methods: The lesson will cover different cooking methods such as grilling, roasting, braising, and pan-searing, along with appropriate seasoning and flavoring techniques.
Food Safety Practices: Emphasis will be placed on maintaining proper hygiene and sanitation practices throughout the meat preparation and cooking process to prevent foodborne illnesses.
Instructional Materials:
Visual aids: Charts or posters illustrating different cuts of meat, proper handling techniques, and cooking methods.
Demonstration Videos: Videos showing step-by-step instructions for meat preparation and cooking methods.
Recipe Cards: Simple yet flavorful recipes that students can follow to practice their skills.
Safety Equipment: Aprons, gloves, and other safety gear to ensure safe handling of raw meat.
Teaching Methodology:
Lecture and Demonstration: The instructor will provide explanations and demonstrations of meat preparation and cooking techniques.
Hands-On Practice: Students will have the opportunity to practice their skills in a supervised kitchen environment, preparing and cooking meat dishes.
Group Activities: Collaborative activities such as recipe development or cooking competitions can encourage teamwork and creativity.
Discussion and Reflection: Class discussions on food safety, flavor profiles, and cooking tips will allow students to deepen their understanding and reflect on their learning.
Assessment:
Practical Skills Assessment: Students will be assessed based on their ability to properly prepare and cook meat dishes, considering factors such as flavor, texture, and presentation.
Written Assessments: Quizzes or exams may include questions on meat selection, handling, cooking methods, and food safety practices.
Participation: Active participation in class activities and discussions will be considered in the overall assessment of student engagement and learning.
Overall, this lesson aims to equip Grade 10 students with the knowledge and skills necessary to confidently prepare and cook meat dishes while prioritizing food safety and culinary excellence.
Meat refers to animal flesh and parts that are used as food. Edible organs and glands of animal meats include tongue, liver, kidney, sweetbread, heart, brain, lungs, tripe and small intestines. Meats should be loosely wrapped and stored under refrigeration. The chef should separate the different kinds of meat to prevent cross –contamination.
They should be in a separate unit. Meats should always be placed on trays to prevent drippings on the floor or on the food. Meats that are stored at the proper temperature and under optimal conditions will last without unnoticeable quality loss for several days.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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4. MARKET FORMS OF MEAT
• Fresh meat – meat that is recently
slaughtered and has not been preserved
• Chilled meat – a meat that is placed in a
chiller or slightly cold
• Frozen meat – meat covered with or
surrounded by ice.
• Cured meat – to preserve as by salting,
smoking or aging.
• Processed meat – means of curing meat
by chemical process
6. RED
MEAT
• The color depends on the concentration of
myoglobin in muscle fiber. When
myoglobin is exposed to oxygen reddish
color appears.
• Redness depends on species, animal
age, and narrow muscle fibres.
Examples :
Red meats: Beef, veal, lamb,
mutton, carabeef
7. WHITE
MEAT
• white meat may also refer to any lighter-
colored meat.
• It is believe that white meat is healthier
than red meat
Examples: pork, poultry and game, fish and
shellfish
9. STRUCTURE OF
MEAT:
1. Lean Tissue – consist of one or more muscles
which is made up of many bundles of muscle
fibers.
2. Connective Tissue – Surround the fibers and
unites them in bundles.
a)Collagen – arranged in parallel , do not
stretch, color is white, disintegrate in hot water
b)Elastin – yellowish portion, do not tenderize
while cooking
3. Fat – around or between muscles
10. COMPOSITION OF MEAT:
Water
• Water is about 75% of muscle tissue. Shrinkage
can be a big problem in cooking meat which
result to loss of weight and loss of profit.
Protein
• About 20% of the muscle tissue is a protein.
Protein coagulates when it is heated. This
means firmer and loses moisture. Coagulation is
related to doneness.
11. Fat
• 5 % of the muscle tissue is fat. A beef
carcass can be as much as 30% fat.
1.Juiciness – Marbling is fat deposited
within the muscle tissue. Juiciness
depends on how
much marble contains in the meat.
2.Tenderness – Marbling separates muscle
fibers, making them easier to chew.
3. Flavor – Flavor depends on the marbling.
13. BEEF
• Beef is the meat of domesticated
mature cattle usually over 12 months
of age
• It is usually bright, cherry red in color
with creamy white fat.
• Cattle is the collective name for
all domesticated oxen
14. Cattle are classified as:
• Bulls – male cattle, usually not raised
to be eaten.
• Calves – young cows or bulls prized for
their meat.
• Cows – female cattle after the first calving,
raised principally for milk and calf
production..
• Steers – male cattle castrated prior to
maturity and principally raised for beef.
15. VEAL
• Calves under the
age of nine
months. (8-16
weeks)
• lighter in color
than beef,
• more delicate
flavor
• generally more
tender.
• Meat from calves
slaughtered when
they are older than
five months is called
calf.
• deeper red, with
some marbling and
external fat.
• A veal carcass
weighs in a range of
60 to 245 pounds (27-
110 kg.)
16. VARIETY MEATS/ ORGAN
MEATS
• Sweetbreads – these are the thymus
glands of veal and lamb..
• Liver, heart, kidney, and tongue of beef,
veal, lamb and pork.
• Tripe – the inner lining of the
stomach of ruminant (cud-chewing)
animals.
– blanket tripe - tuwalya
– honeycomb tripe – libro-libro or librilyo
17. •brains
•chitterlings – cleaned intestines
•other innards – include the lights
(lungs), melt (spleen) and
mesentery (abdominal
membrane)
•Pork / beef blood
22. CHANGES IN MEAT
AFTER DEATH
1)Muscle is pliant, soft, gel like,
sticky, immediately after death
2)A few minutes to 1 hr. – muscle
shortens, become rigid, hard, inflexible.
Should not be cooked at this time
3)After a few days – gradual tenderization,
after freezing. This is the time to cook the
meat
23. MARKET FORMS OF MEAT
• Fresh Meat – this is meat
immediately after slaughter,
without undergoing chilling or
freezing.
• Chilled Meat – is meat that has
been cooled to a temperature
just above freezing (1-3°) within
24 hours after slaughter.
• Frozen Meat – are meat cuts
frozen to an eternal temperature of
20°C (-40°C).
24. MARKET FORMS
OF MEAT
• Cured Meat – are meat products that
have been treated with a curing
agent solution like salt, sodium
nitrate (salitre), sugar, and spices.
• Canned Meat – are cooked
meat products and only
requires to be reheated.
• Dried Meats – dehydrated meats.
25. EFFECTS OF
COOKING MEATS
• Changes in pigment – myoglobin from bright red color to
grayish brown.
• Changes in meat protein- Decrease in length of fiber causing
shrinkage. Excessive heating makes the meat tougher, stringy
and rubbery.
• Fat melts , causing shrinkage
Loss in moisture
• Heat converts collagen into gelatin. This requires more
heat
• Long cooking develops better flavor
•
•
•
•
•
•
26. FACTORS
INFLUENCING
FLAVOR
• Flavor is due to decomposition of protein and oxidation of fat.
Saltiness and sweetness of the blood. The distinctive flavor of
animal is affected by specie, sex, age, amount of exercise,
degree of ripening.
• The older the animal the stronger the flavor. More
exercised animals have tougher meat
• The more varied the feed, the more distinctive its flavor.
•
•
•
•
27. SIX STAGES OF DONENESS:
• very rare - red, juices blood, soft, jelly-like
• rare -raw red portion of meat is small,
around is pink brown outer surface, juices
are red
• medium rare –interior portion is rich
pink. Meat is plump and firm
• medium – modified rose, pink juices are
less
• medium well – pink color disappears,
juices are clear gray, firm to touch
• Well - gray inside and out, shrunken,
little or no juice appear, brown and dry.
28. STORAGE OF MEATS:
Fresh Meats:
1.Check purchases as soon as it arrives to
ensure the quality.
2.Do not wrap tightly, bacteria and mold
thrive in moist. Allow air to circulate to
inhibits the growth of bacteria.
3.Do not open vacuum packed meats until
it is ready to use.
4.. Store at 32⁰ to 36⁰ F
29. 5.Store fresh meat in the coldest part of the
refrigerator (40°F/5°C or lower).
6.Use refrigerated fresh meats within 3-4
days.
Ground meats and variety meats are
more perishable than other meats, use
them within 1-2 days.
7.Refrigerator cured & smoke meats,
sausages, and ready to serve meats,
unless the label says otherwise. Leave
them in their original wrappers.
30. 8.FREEZE MEATS FOR LONGER
STORAGE. (0°F/18°C OR COLDER)
FOR MAXIMUM KEEPING
QUALITY.
– you can freeze luncheon meat, hotdog, and
ham up to 2 months.
– Ground meats will keep for 3 months.
– Pork cuts for 6 months
– Lamb will keep up to 9 months.
• Beef will keep for a year.
31. PRINCIPLES OF
COOKING
• To improve its palatability quality.
• To increase tenderness-
–Elastin – is very tough and elastic,
and cooking cannot soften it.
–Collagen – also tough and
elastic, but cooking can soften
and tenderize it.
32. METHODS OF TENDERIZING
TOUGH MEAT CUTS:
• Mechanical Method
Elastin can be broken down by:
– Pounding/beating
– Slicing thinly
– Grounding
• Marinating – involves soaking meat in a
solution called marinade which contains
acid, such as vinegar, lemon/calamansi
juice or tomato juice that helps tenderize
meat.
33. • Use of proteolytic enzymes that
tenderize meats
– Papain – from papaya
– Bromelin – from pineapple
– Ficin – from figs
• Aging - when animals are slaughtered,
their muscles are soft and flabby.
Within 6-24 hours, rigor mortis sets in,
causing the muscles to contract and
stiffen.
34. • During cooking, heat coagulates the
proteins in the, muscle fibers.
• cooking meats at too high temperature or
for too long will make it tough and dry.
• Meats cuts cooked in liquid will fall apart.
This is due to over coagulation of the
proteins.