SEPARATION, BIOANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, EXTRACTION, LC MS, LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROSCOPY, MBAT, M.PHARM, PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS, 1 ST YEAR
• It is the combination of liquid chromatography and the mass spectrometry.
• Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is an analytical chemistry
technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid
chromatography with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry.
• The combination of these two powerful techniques gives the chemical analyst the
ability to analyze virtually any molecular species; including, thermally labile, non
volatile, and high molecular weight species.
SEPARATION, BIOANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, EXTRACTION, LC MS, LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROSCOPY, MBAT, M.PHARM, PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS, 1 ST YEAR
• It is the combination of liquid chromatography and the mass spectrometry.
• Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is an analytical chemistry
technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid
chromatography with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry.
• The combination of these two powerful techniques gives the chemical analyst the
ability to analyze virtually any molecular species; including, thermally labile, non
volatile, and high molecular weight species.
Atomic force spectroscopy, a technique derived from Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), allowed us to distinguish nonspecific and specific interactions between the acetolactate synthase enzyme (ALS) and anti-atrazine antibody biomolecules and the herbicides imazaquin, metsulfuron-methyl and atrazine. The presence of specific interactions increased the adhesion force (Fadh) between the AFM tip and the herbicides, which made the modified tip a powerful biosensor. Increases of approximately 132% and 145% in the Fadh values were observed when a tip functionalized with ALS was used to detect imazaquin and metsulfuron-methyl, respectively. The presence of specific interactions between the atrazine and the anti-atrazine antibody also caused an increase in the Fadh values (approximately 175%) compared to those observed when using an unfunctionalized tip. The molecular modeling results obtained with the ALS enzyme suggest that the orientation of the biomolecule on the tip surface could be suitable for allowing interaction with the herbicides imazaquin and metsulfuron-methyl
Simultaneous detection of nitrosamines and other sartan-related impurities in...TejasSonawane19
Since July 2018, the pharmacological class of “sartans” has been the subject of considerable media
and analytical interest, as it became known that they are contaminated with nitrosamines such as Nnitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosodiisopropylamine (NDiPA).
Previous compendial methods are not able to detect these new contaminants. Using the latest and innovative Quality-by-Design (QbD) approach, it has now been possible to develop an analytical method that
enables to investigate sartans, such as valsartan and losartan. Also a large class of different nitrosamines
in the ppb range and sartan-related impurities can thus be determined simultaneously in a single analysis
using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). By using SFC, a broad spectrum of nonpolar and very polar
impurities can be separated and analyzed in under 20 min. The analytical method developed is validated
for limit testing according to ICH Q2(R1) and fulfills default thresholds of EMA and FDA for testing of drug
substances and genotoxic impurities. Additionally, it can also be adapted to other pharmaceuticals that
may be contaminated with nitrosamines, since tetrazole synthesis as the underlying cause of nitrosamine
contamination is important for a set of other non-sartan drug substances.
The aim of the coupling is to obtain an information-rich detection for both identification and quantification compared to that with a single analytical technique.
What is QSAR?, introduction to 3D QSAR, CoMFA, CoMSIA, Case Study on CoMFA contour maps analysis and CoMSIA interactive forces between ligand and receptor, various Statistical techniques involved in QSAR
Atomic force spectroscopy, a technique derived from Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), allowed us to distinguish nonspecific and specific interactions between the acetolactate synthase enzyme (ALS) and anti-atrazine antibody biomolecules and the herbicides imazaquin, metsulfuron-methyl and atrazine. The presence of specific interactions increased the adhesion force (Fadh) between the AFM tip and the herbicides, which made the modified tip a powerful biosensor. Increases of approximately 132% and 145% in the Fadh values were observed when a tip functionalized with ALS was used to detect imazaquin and metsulfuron-methyl, respectively. The presence of specific interactions between the atrazine and the anti-atrazine antibody also caused an increase in the Fadh values (approximately 175%) compared to those observed when using an unfunctionalized tip. The molecular modeling results obtained with the ALS enzyme suggest that the orientation of the biomolecule on the tip surface could be suitable for allowing interaction with the herbicides imazaquin and metsulfuron-methyl
Simultaneous detection of nitrosamines and other sartan-related impurities in...TejasSonawane19
Since July 2018, the pharmacological class of “sartans” has been the subject of considerable media
and analytical interest, as it became known that they are contaminated with nitrosamines such as Nnitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosodiisopropylamine (NDiPA).
Previous compendial methods are not able to detect these new contaminants. Using the latest and innovative Quality-by-Design (QbD) approach, it has now been possible to develop an analytical method that
enables to investigate sartans, such as valsartan and losartan. Also a large class of different nitrosamines
in the ppb range and sartan-related impurities can thus be determined simultaneously in a single analysis
using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). By using SFC, a broad spectrum of nonpolar and very polar
impurities can be separated and analyzed in under 20 min. The analytical method developed is validated
for limit testing according to ICH Q2(R1) and fulfills default thresholds of EMA and FDA for testing of drug
substances and genotoxic impurities. Additionally, it can also be adapted to other pharmaceuticals that
may be contaminated with nitrosamines, since tetrazole synthesis as the underlying cause of nitrosamine
contamination is important for a set of other non-sartan drug substances.
The aim of the coupling is to obtain an information-rich detection for both identification and quantification compared to that with a single analytical technique.
What is QSAR?, introduction to 3D QSAR, CoMFA, CoMSIA, Case Study on CoMFA contour maps analysis and CoMSIA interactive forces between ligand and receptor, various Statistical techniques involved in QSAR
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MBAT S2 GOKULRAJ BIOMOLECULE SEPARATION OF LC-MSMS.pptx
1. SUBJECT: MBAT
TOPIC: BIOMOLECULE SEPARATION OF LC-
MS/MS
SUBMITTED TO:
DR.HARSHA K. TRIPATHY
PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
BANGALORE
SUBMITTED BY:
S.GOKULRAJ
M PHARM 2nd SEMESTER
DEPT.OF PHARMACEUTICAL
ANALYSIS
KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF
PHARMACY
BANGALORE
1 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
2. Definition
Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) is a powerful analytical
technique that combines the separating power of
liquid chromatography with the highly sensitive and
selective mass analysis capability of triple
quadrupole mass spectrometry.
The LC/MS/MS data may be used to provide
information about the molecular weight, structure,
identity and quantity of specific sample components.
2 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
3. Brief Introduction of LC-MS/MS
Sensitive analytical system.
LC separation + MS/MS identification and
detection.
It is suitable for wild range of compound-matrix
combinations analysis.
High sensitivity.
Liquid chromatography tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), has led to major
breakthroughs in the field of quantitative
bioanalysis since 1990s due to its inherent
specificity, sensitivity, and speed.
It is now generally accepted as the preferred
technique for quantitation of small molecule
drugs, metabolites in biological matrices (plasma,
blood, serum, urine, and tissue).
3 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
4. Principle
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is the
technique which performs separation by liquid
chromatography and mass analysis with the help of
the mass spectrometry.
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS)
Liquid Chromatography
Separates mixture components
Based on polarity
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Detector
Identification & Quantification of components
Based on compound mass
4 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
5. LC-MS/MS is mainly separated into the three parts:
1.Chromatography :
In liquid chromatography separation is performed
which is detected with the help of Photo diode Array.
These separated components then transferred to the
interface.
2. Interface:
In interface the liquid is volatilized and transferred
to the MS.
3. Spectrometry:
With the help of various ionization techniques the
compound is ionized and then it is analyzed by mass
analyzer.
5 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
10. TANDEM MASS
SPECTROMETRY
KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
10
MS/MS
MS1: precursor ions are formed separate by m/z ratio
Daughter ions are created by fragmentation.
MS2: Ions are separated and detected
12/21/2023
14. Mass analyzer
In mass analyzer the magnetic field is scanned to
measure the different ions.
Types of mass analyzer:
1. Quadra pole mass filter
2. Time of flight
3. Ion trap
4. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance(FT-
ICR)
14 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
15. Interfaces for LC-MS/MS
In LC-MS there are two key components, ionization source
and Interfaces.
The Liquid chromatography separates mixture of
components which are in liquid form, usually contains
methanol, acetonitrile and water .
This liquid containing mixture of components is transferred
into the ion source of mass spectrometer. As ion source is
under high vacuum.
Due to the difference in the pressure it is difficult to mass to
vaporize the liquid drops without losing mixture of
components.
Hence interfaces are used to resolve this problem.
15 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
16. Various interfaces for LC-MS were developed, but issues
with sensitivity, stability and user-friendliness were faced.
After further improvements and developments, API, a type
of soft ionization technique, proved to be well-suited for
use in LC-MS.
It ionizes compounds under atmospheric pressure
conditions, which makes it especially useful for removing
solvents outside a vacuum.
API serves as both the ionization source and the
Interface in a LC-MS system.
16 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
18. Various Interface are used in LC-
MS/MS
Moving Belt Interface
Particle Beam Interface
Direct Liquid Introduction Interface
Flow-FAB interfaces
Thermospray (TSP)
APCI Interface
APPI Interface
Electrospray (ESI)
Ion Spray
MALDI
18 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
19. PROBLEMS IS COMBINING HPLC AND MS
HPLC
Liquid Phase operation
25-50 degree C temp.
No mass range limitation
Inorganic buffers are used.
1ml/min eluent flow is
equivalent to 500ml/min of gas.
MS
Vacuum operation.
200-300 degree C temp.
Upto 4000 Da
Required volatile buffers
Accepts 10ml/min gas flow
19 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
22. Advantages of LC-MS/MS
Accuracy
Precision
Robustness
Sensitivity
Allows multi- analyte panels
Requires less sample preparations.
Compatible with generic sample preparations.
Versatility, can easily add new compounds
Speed
22 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
23. Disadvantages
MS/MS capabilities cost more due to additional
hardware and software requirements
23 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
24. Applications
LC-MS used to detect compounds from
polyaromatic (non-polar) to peptide and proteins.
LC-MS used for compounds identification and
purity.
Used for determination of pesticides, herbicides &
organic pollutant for environmental monitoring.
Proteome analysis is done by this technique.
24 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023
25. Applications
Molecular weight determination
2D gel spots
Protein complex (after primary fractionation)
Proteome separation and identification
Multi-dimensional liquid chromatography MS-based differential
proteomics
Quantitative proteomics
Analysis of post translational modification
25 KARNATAKA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 12/21/2023