Raw materials are natural resources that are used to make other materials and goods. They include vegetables like wood and cotton, animals like wool and silk, and minerals like clay, granite, and metallic ores. Raw materials undergo processes to make them suitable for use in other materials and goods. Some raw materials are renewable like wood, while others like oil are non-renewable. The properties and uses of resulting materials depend on the raw materials and processes used to make them.

1. Raw Material, Material and goods
Thinking routines

2. Good
Material
Raw material
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Natural resources from
which the materials we use
in technological activity are
obtained
the substance of which
something is made

3. 3

4. Vegetable: wood, cotton, cork
Animal: wool, silk
Mineral: clay, granite, slate, metallic ore

5. Wood
Cotton
Cork
Cap
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6. Wool
(ball, skein)
Silk
(robe, dressing gown, housecoat)
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7. Clay
Granite
Tin
Tin/Canslate
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8. Renewable
Non renewable
Oil / Petroleum
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Over exploited quarry

10.  Wool
 Marble
 Cotton
 Clay
 Sand
 Silk
 Cork

11.  Glass
 Steel
 Plastic
 Cotton
 Porcelain
 Concrete
 Iron

12.  Mechanical strength
 tensile strength
 compressive strength
 Flexural strength
 Video iphone
 Torsional strength
 Video
 Shear strength
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13.  Elasticity
 Plasticity
 Ductility.- (ductile).
 Malleability.- (malleable).
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14.  Hardness
 Toughness/Brittleness
 Permeability / impermeability.
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15.  Electrical properties:
 You can make the handle of the electrician scissors out
of plastic because it is an electrical insulator.
 Thermal properties:
 You can make the handle of the pan out of plastic
because it is a thermal insulator.
 Acoustic Properties:
 You can reduce the sound using mineral wool because
it is an acoustic insulator
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16.  Magnetic properties:
 video.
 Optical properties:
 Opaque
 Transparent
 Translucent
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17.  Oxidation
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18.  Recyclable material
 Glass, paper, cardboard, some metals, some plastics
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Landfill /rubbish dump
Rubbish/garbage/trash
Bin, container
Recycling center
When we reuse and recycle we conserve natural
resources and reduce the accumulation of waste
products which damage the environment.

19.  Toxic material
 Heavy metals
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These materials contaminate the environment (soil, the water and the
atmosphere). They can be poisonous for living things.

20.  Biodegradable material
 Paper.
 Organic material.
 Specific plastics.
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Activity
These are materials that decompose
naturally and don't cause damage to the
environment.

21. And derivatives

22.  Wood is classified into:
 Natural:
 Hardwood
 Softwood
 Derivatives
 Paper, cardboard, card
 Plywood, chipboard, fiberboard, hardboard and cork.

23.  Derivatives
 Plywood
 Chipboard
 Fiberboard
 Hardboard

24. Metals are materials with many use in the transport
and telecommunication industries, in agriculture,
in construction and in manufacturing machinery.

25.  According to
 Pure metals: Metals whose
crystalline structure is
composed of only one
metallic element. For
example: gold, silver, iron,
copper etc.
 Metal alloys or alloys: These
are a combination of one or
two metals. One of them
has to be a metal For
example: bronze, tinplate,
steel, cast iron, brass

26.  According to
 Ferrous:
 Iron (the pure metal), steels, alloy
steels and cast-iron.
 Non-ferrous:
 Ultralight: Magnesium
 Light: Aluminium and titanium.
 Heavy: All the other metals are
heavy.
Steel sections

27.  The general properties of metals.
 Toughness: The ability to support impacts without
breaking. Metals are tough.
 Ductility: The ability to form wires.
 Malleability: The ability to form sheets.
 Hardness: Scratch resistance. Metals are relatively
hard materials.
 Electrical and thermal conductivity: Metals conduct
heat and electricity well.
 Metallic shine: Metals characteristically shine after
being recently cut.
 Most of them are toxic, recyclable and reusable
 Some of them are magnetic. (Iron, steel, cast iron)
 Except mercury all metals are solid at room
temperature.

28.  The process of obtaining metals
 Mining
 Obtaining the metals from mines.
 Separation of the mineral into ore and gangue
 The metal is extracted from the ore in an ironworks
through physical and chemical processes

29.  Metallurgy
 The technology of metals
 Technique of obtaining and
producing metals from the
ores that contain them. It
studies its properties too
 Siderurgy (ironworks)
(Steel and iron industry)