This presentation is for mechanical engineering/ civil engineering students to help them understand the different type of destructive mechanical testing of materials. The tensile testing, hardness, impact test procedures are explained in detail.
This presentation is for mechanical engineering/ civil engineering students to help them understand the different type of destructive mechanical testing of materials. The tensile testing, hardness, impact test procedures are explained in detail.
undamentals of Crystal Structure: BCC, FCC and HCP Structures, coordination number and atomic packing factors, crystal imperfections -point line and surface imperfections. Atomic Diffusion: Phenomenon, Fick’s laws of diffusion, factors affecting diffusion.
Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.
Metallurgy can also be described as the technology of metals, the way in which science is applied to the production of metals and the engineering of metal .
undamentals of Crystal Structure: BCC, FCC and HCP Structures, coordination number and atomic packing factors, crystal imperfections -point line and surface imperfections. Atomic Diffusion: Phenomenon, Fick’s laws of diffusion, factors affecting diffusion.
Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.
Metallurgy can also be described as the technology of metals, the way in which science is applied to the production of metals and the engineering of metal .
Study Notes - Power Engineering 4th Class - Basic Properties of Engineering M...Steven Belaire
My study notes on Power Engineering - 4th Class Unit 10 Chapter 46 - Basic Properties of Engineering Materials, as taught in Alberta (SAIT, NAIT, BCIT and other technical colleges)
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Planning Of Procurement o different goods and services
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL SCIENCE AND METALLURGY
1. PROF. MAYUR S MODI
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SHREE SWAMI ATMANAND SARASWATI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,SURAT
MATERIAL SCIENCE AND METALLURGY
(2131904)
INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL SCIENCEINTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL SCIENCE
AND METALLURGYAND METALLURGY
2. Metals
Ferrous metals Non-ferrous metals
Steels Cast Irons
Plain carbon steels
Low alloy steels
High alloy steels
Stainless & Tool steels
Grey Iron
White Iron
Malleable & Ductile Irons
Low carbon steels
Medium carbon steels
High carbon steels
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
3. ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS OF
MATERIALS
• Engineers of any branch, has to deal with materials
for their proper utilization .
• Whether his product is a bridge, an automobile,
knowledge of properties and behavior under
service condition of the materials used for this
purpose is necessary.
• Service condition include the effect of mechanical
loading, temp., magnetic field, and chemical
surroundings.
• It is impossible for the engineer to have detailed
knowledge of thousands of materials.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
4. PROPERTIES OF METALS
• 1. Physical properties
• 2. Chemical properties
• 3. Thermal properties
• 4. Electrical properties
• 5. Magnetic properties
• 6. Optical properties, and
• 7. Mechanical properties
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
5. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• Density -Mass per unit volume is called as density. In
metric system its unit is kg/mm3. Because of very low
density, aluminum and magnesium are preferred in
aeronautic and transportation applications.
• For a specific material density remains constant but
it varies with materials.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
6. • Size and shape - Dimensions of any metal reflect
the size and shape of the material. Length, width,
height, depth, curvature diameter etc. determines
the size. Shape specifies the rectangular, square,
circular or any other section.
• Specific Gravity- Specific gravity of any metal is the
ratio of the mass of a given volume of the metal to
the mass of the same volume of water at a
specified temperature.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
7. • Porosity-A material is called as porous or permeable
if it has pores within it.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
8. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
• The study of chemical properties of materials is
necessary because most of the engineering
materials, when they come in contact with other
substances with which they can react, suffer from
chemical deterioration of the surface of the metal.
• Some of the chemical properties of the metals are
corrosion resistance, chemical composition and
acidity or alkalinity. Corrosion is the gradual
deterioration of material by chemical reaction with
its environment.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
9. • Composition – can be determined by analytical
chemistry.
• Corrosion resistance - is the deterioration of a
material by chemical reaction with its environment.
• It affects both metallic as well as nonmetallic
materials like bricks, concrete etc…
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
10. THERMAL PROPERTIES
• Melting Point - Melting point is the temperature at
which a pure metal or compound changes its
shape from solid to liquid.
• It is called as the temperature at which the liquid
and solid are in equilibrium.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
11. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
• Conductivity- Conductivity is defined as the ability
of the material to pass electric current through it
easily i.e. the material which is conductive will
provide an easy path for the flow of electricity
through it.
• Dielectric Strength- It means insulating capacity of
material at high voltage. A material having high
dielectric strength can withstand for longer time for
high voltage across it before it conducts the current
through it.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
12. • Resistivity- It is the property of a material by which it
resists the flow of electricity through it.
• Thermoelectricity- If two dissimilar metals are joined
and then this junction is heated, a small voltage (in
the milli-volt range) is produced, and this is known
as thermoelectric effect. It is the base of the
thermocouple. Thermo -couples are prepared using
the properties of metals.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
13. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
• Elasticity- It is defined as the property of a material
to regain its original shape after deformation when
the external forces are removed.
• It can also be referred as the power of material to
come back to its original position after deformation
when the stress or load is removed. It is also called
as the tensile property of the material.
• Yield point- At a specific stress, ductile metals
particularly ceases, offering resistance to tensile
forces.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
14. • Strength- Strength is defined as the ability of
material to resist the externally applied forces or
stresses without fracture.
• This property of material therefore determines the
ability to withstand stress without failure.
• The maximum stress that any material can
withstand before destruction is called its ultimate
strength. The tenacity of the material is its ultimate
strength in tension.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
15. • Stiffness- It is defined as the ability of a material to
resist deformation under stress. The resistance of a
material to elastic deformation or deflection is
called stiffness or rigidity.
• Plasticity- Plasticity is defined the mechanical
property of a material which retains the
deformation produced under load permanently.
• This property of the material is required in forging, in
stamping images on coins. It is the ability or
tendency of material to undergo some degree of
permanent deformation without its rupture or its
failure.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
16. • Ductility-Ductility is termed as the property of a
material enabling it to be drawn into wire with the
application of tensile load.
• The ductility is usually measured by the terms,
percentage elongation and percent reduction in
area which is often used as empirical measures of
ductility.
• The materials those possess more than 5%
elongation are called as ductile materials.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
17. • Malleability - Malleability is the ability of the
material to be flattened into thin sheets under
applications of heavy compressive forces without
cracking by hot or cold working means.
• It is a special case of ductility which permits
materials to be rolled or hammered into thin sheets.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
18. • Hardness - Hardness is defined as the ability of a
metal to cut another metal. A harder metal can
always cut or put impression to the softer metals by
virtue of its hardness.
• It embraces many different properties such as
resistance to wear, scratching, deformation and
machinability etc.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
19. • Brittleness- Brittleness is the property of a material
opposite to ductility. It is the property of breaking of
a material with little permanent distortion.
• The materials having less than 5% elongation under
loading behavior are said to be brittle materials.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
20. • Creep- When a metal part when is subjected to a
high constant stress at high temperature for a longer
period of time, it will undergo a slow and permanent
deformation (in form of a crack which may further
propagate further towards creep failure) called
creep.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
21. • Workability or Formability- It is the property of
metals which denotes the ease in its forming in to
various shapes and sizes.
• The different factors that affect the formability are
crystal structure of metal, grain size of metal hot
and cold working, alloying element present in the
parent metal.
• Hot working increases formability. Low carbon steel
possesses good formability.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
22. • Castability-Castability is defined as the property of
metal, which indicates the ease with it can be
casted into different shapes and sizes. Cast iron,
aluminium and brass are possessing good
castability.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
23. • Weldability-Weldability is defined as the property of
a metal which indicates the two similar or dissimilar
metals are joined by fusion with or without the
application of pressure and with or without the use
of filler metal (welding) efficiently.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
24. • Toughness- toughness is the amount of energy that
a material can absorb before it fractures.
• It is desirable property for structural and machine
parts which have to withstand shock and vibration.
• Resilience – resilience is the capacity of a material
to absorb or store energy, and to resist shock and
impact.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
25. • Fatigue – The failure of a material caused under
repeated loads or stresses is known as fatigue or
fatigue failure.
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
26. CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
• PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL(as per appl. Under
loading condition)
• PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS(aerospace
component)
• MATERIALS REALIBILITY(capable in working
condition)
• SAFETY(brittle to ductile)
• DISPOSABILITY AND RECYCING AND REUSE OF
MATERIALS
• PROCESSING OF MATERIALS
• ECONOMIC FACTORS
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI
27. • Engineers of any branch, has to deal with materials
for their proper utilization .
• Whether his product is a bridge, an automobile,
knowledge of properties and behavior under
service condition of the materials used for this
purpose is necessary.
i. Fabrication Requirements
ii.Service Requirements
iii.Economic Requirements.
ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS OF
MATERIALS
12/28/18 PROF.MAYUR S MODI