The document discusses various methods for using remote sensing and GIS techniques in geology, including analyzing lithology using band ratios and PCA, identifying mineral exploration targets using SAM and MNF transforms, and mapping geomorphology using sun angle analysis. It also provides examples of using color composites to identify structures and band ratios to map alteration zones. The document recommends software like ENVI and ERDAS Imagine for processing remote sensing data for geological applications.

1. Хоёрдугаар сарын 27, 2015
Солонгосын KOREA их сургуулийн докторант
Б.Баяртунгалаг
ГЕОЛОГИЙН ХАЙГУУЛ, СУДАЛГААНД
ДЭМЖЛЭГ БОЛОХ ЗАЙНААС ТАНДАН
СУДЛАЛЫН АРГА АРГАЧЛАЛ, ХЭРЭГЛЭЭ

2. 2
Танилцуулга
 Б.Баяртунгалаг
 From 2007 to 2010 some project at NUM-ITC-UNESCO Remote Sensing and GIS laboratory, National
University of Mongolia
 From July 2009 to February 2010 Engineer of Remote Sensing and GIS in “AJET limited Geology “Company
Mobile: 99696254
e-mail: b_tungalag_b@yahoo.com
From September 2010 to present Studying by PhD of environmental
geochemistry at the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,
College of Science, Korea University, South Korea
Master of Science in Remote Sensing and GIS at School of Physics and
electronics, The National University of Mongolia, 2007 - 2009
Bachelor of Science in Teacher of Physics and Natural Science (Physics
Education), the National University of Mongolia, 2003- 2007

3. Агуулга
 Геологийн боловсруулалт хийх ЗТС –ын үндэс
 Геологийн боловсруулалт хийх мэдээний сонголт
 Геологийн боловсруулалт хийх арга, аргачлал
 Геологийн хэрэглээ (Geology application)
 Чулуулгийн хил зааг (Lithology)
 Хагарлын тайлал (Fault)
 Эрдсийн тархалт (Minerals exploration)
 Газрын гадаргын хэв шинж (Geomorphology)
 Структур (Structure)
 Хувирал (Alteration zone)
3

4. ЗТС –ын үндэс
 Геологийн боловсруулалт хийх ЗТС –ын үндэс
4

5. Мэдээний сонголт
Геологийн боловсруулалт хийх мэдээний
сонголтонд анхаарах зүйлүүд
Орон зайн нарийвчлал
Сувгийн нарийвчлал
Үүлэн бүрхэвч багатай
Цасан бүрхүүлгүй
Ургамалан бүрхэвч багатай
Түймэрт өртөөгүй үеийн
5

6. Орон зайн нарийвчлал
IKONOS
• 4 Meter Multi-spectral (4)
• 1 Meter Panchromatic
Indian Remote Sensing Satellites
• 5-Meter Panchromatic
• 20-Meter LISS-3 Multi-spectral (4)
• 180-Meter WiFS Multi-spectral (2)
Landsat Thematic Mapper
• 25-Meter Multi-spectral (7)
RADARSAT
• 8-Meter Fine Beam
• 25-Meter Standard Beam
• 50-Meter Scansarnarrow Beam
6
25-Meter Landsat TM25-Meter Landsat TM
1-Meter
Pan-Sharpened
Simulated IKONOS
1-Meter
Pan-Sharpened
Simulated IKONOS
8-Meter
RADARSAT
Fine
8-Meter
RADARSAT
Fine
5-Meter IRS
Pan
5-Meter IRS
Pan

7. Сувгийн нарийвчлал
7
( 자료 : Morain, S. and S.L. Baros, Eds., 1996, Raster Imagery in Geographic
Information Systems, Onword Press.)

8. 8
Хиймэл дагуулд зориулсан вэб хуудасууд
 ALOS www.eorc.nasda.go.jp/ALOS
 EO-1 eo1.gsfc.nasa.gov
 EROS www.imagesatintl.com
 IRS www.nrsa.gov.in
 IKONOS, ORBVIEW, GeoEye www.geoeye.com
 KOMPSAT kompsat.kari.re.kr
 KVR-1000 www-com.sovinformsputnik.ru
 LANDSAT landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov, landsat7.usgs.gov
 QUICKBIRD www.digitalglobe.com
 RADARSAT www.rsi.ca,
www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ccrs/tekrd/radarsat/specs/radovere.html
 SPOT www.spot.com

9. Арга зүй
Геологийн боловсруулалт хийх арга, аргачлал
 Чулуулгийн хил зааг
 Band ratio, PCA (Principal component analysis)
 Эрдсийн тархалт
 SAM (Spectral Angle Mapper), MNF (Minimum Noise Fraction Transform)
 Газрын гадаргын хэв шинж
 Sunshed (0° - 360°)
 Структур
 Color composite (RGB)
 Хувирал
 Band ratio
9

10. 10

11. 11

12. Геологийн ерөнхий структурын тайлал хийж
болохуйц
Өнгөний нийлэмж
12

13. Сувгуудын харьцаа
Хувирал, чулуулгийн хил заагийн тайлал хийж
болохуйц
Band ratio, PCA
13

14. Нарны тусгалын өнцгөөр
 Газрын гадаргын хэв шинжээр хагарлын тайлал хийж болохуйц
14

15. Спектрийн анализ
 Боломжит эрдсийн тархалтыг зураглаж болохуйц
SAM (Spectral Angle Mapper), MNF (Minimum Noise Fraction Transform)
15

16. Жишээ
 Чулуулгийн хил зааг
 Band ratio, PCA (Principal component analysis)
 Эрдсийн тархалт
 SAM (Spectral Angle Mapper), MNF (Minimum Noise Fraction
Transform)
 Газрын гадаргын хэв шинж
 Sunshed (0° - 360°)
 Структур
 Color composite (RGB)
 Хувирал
 Band ratio
16

17. Структур
 Геологийн ерөнхий структурын тайлал хийж болохуйц
 Color composite (RGB)
17
Ландсат 8 R-B7, G-B5, B-B3

18. Газрын гадаргын хэв шинж
 Газрын гадаргын хэв шинж
 Sunshed (0° - 360°)
18

19. Хувирал
 Хувирал
 Band ratio
19
Ландсат 8
R-6/7 clay
G-4/2 iron oxide
B-4/6 Ferrous

20. Чулуулгийн хил зааг
 Чулуулгийн хил зааг
 Band ratio, PCA (Principal component analysis)
20
PCA :Ландсат 8 R-PC7, G-PC5, B-PC3 Band ratio: Ландсат 8 R-6/7, G-5/6, B-43

21. 21
Band ratio: Ландсат 8 R-6/7, G-5/6, B-43 Геологийн зураг

22. 22

23. 23

24. 24
 ENVI, www.exelisvis.com
 ERDAS Imagine, www.erdas.com
 GeoMedia, Intergraph, www.intergraph.com
 Geomatica, PCI Geomatics, www.pcigeomatics.com
 ER Mapper, Earth Resource Mapping,
www.ermapper.com
 PG-STREAMER, ( 주 ) 픽소니어지오매틱스 ,
www.pixoneer.co.kr
 MultiSpec, School of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Purdue University,
dynamo.ecn.purdue.edu/~biehl/MultiSpec
MultiSpec
Програм хангамж

25. 25
References
 Japan Association on Remote Sensing, 1993, Remote Sensing Note,
Japan Association on Remote Sensing.
 Jensen, J.R., 2000, Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth
Resource Perspective, Prentice-Hall.
 Morain, S. and S.L. Baros, Eds., 1996, Raster Imagery in Geographic
Information Systems, Onword Press.
 Klinkenberg, B., 2007, Remote Sensing : An increasingly important source
of data for GIS.
 The University of Washington Spatial Technology, GIS, and Remote
Sensing Page, Introduction to Remote Sensing, Introduction to
Geographic Information Systems in Forest Resources,
http://gis.washington.edu/cfr250/lessons/remote_sensing
 http://www.geoeye.com
 http://www.kari.re.kr
 http://www.r-s-c-c.org

26. 26
References
 Journal papers
 IJGIS
 IJRS
 PE&RS
 Environment of Remote Sensing
 IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
 Conference Proceedings
 IGARSS(IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Symposium)
 ISPRS(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote
Sensing )
 FOSS4G(Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial)

27. 27
References
Topics References
General
*Delaney, J. and Niel, K.V., 2007, Geographic Information Systems: An Introduction, 2nd ed., Oxford.
Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2000, Handbook on geographic information systems and digital mapping,
United Nations
*Liu J.G. and Mason P.J., 2009, Essential Image Processing and GIS for Remote Sensing, Wiley-Blackwell.
Lowry, J., 2006, Ramsar Technical Report No. 2: Low-cost GIS software and data for wetland inventory, assessment
and monitoring, Ramsar Convention Secretariat.
*Reddy, M. A., 2008, Textbook of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, 3rd ed., BS Publications.
Rolf A. de By (eds.), 2001, Principles of Geographic Information Systems, 2nd ed., ITC, ITC Educational Textbook
Series 1.
Sutton, T., O. Dassau, and M. Sutton, 2009, A Gentle Introduction to GIS, Eastern Cape, South Africa,
http://www.qgis.org/.
Weng, Q., 2010, Remote Sensing and GIS Integration : Theories, Methods, and Applications, McGraw-Hill.
Spatial Data
Fabrikant, S.I., T. Reichenbacher, M.V. Kreveld and C. Schlieder (eds.), 2010, Geographic Information Science: 6th
International Conference, GIScience 2010, Zurich, Switzerland, September 14-17, 2010 Proceedings, Springer.
Jones, S. and K. Reinke (eds.), 2009, Innovations in Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Springer.
Riedl, A., W. Kainz and G.A. Elmes (eds.), 2006,Progress in Spatial Data Handling: 12th International Symposium on
Spatial Data Handling, Springer.
Wilson, J.P. and A. S. Fotheringham (eds.), 2008, The Handbook of Geographic Information Science, Blackwell
Publishing.
Remote
Sensing
Angelo, J. A., 2006, Frontiers in space: Satellites, Facts On File books.
Elachi, C. and J. V. Zyl ,2006, Introduction to the Physics and Techniques of Remote Sensing, 2nd ed., John Wiley
& Sons.
Navulur, K., 2007, Multispectral Image Analysis Using the Object-Oriented Paradigm, CRC Press.
Quattrochi, D. A. and J. C. Luvall, 2005, Thermal Remote Sensing in Land Surface Processes, CRC Press.
Xiong, D., R. Lee, J.B. Saulsbury, E.L. Lanzer, and A. Perez, 2004, Remote Sensing Applications For Environmental
Analysis In Transportation Planning: Application To The Washington State I-405 Corridor, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory.
Mapping
Sample, J. T. and E. Ioup, 2010, Tile-Based Geospatial Information Systems: Principles and Practices, Springer.
US Army Corps of Engineers, 2002, Photogrammetric Mapping, Engineer manual, EM 1110-1-1000.
GNSS
El-Rabbany, A., 2002, Introduction to GPS: The Global Positioning System, Artech House.
Gleason S. and D. Gebre-Egziabher (eds.), 2009, GNSS Applications and Methods, Artech House.
US Army Corps of Engineers, 2003, NAVSTAR Global Positioning System Surveying, Engineer manual, EM 1110-1-1003.

28. Анхаарал тавьсанд баярлалаа
28