Manchester encoding is a line code technique where each bit is represented by transitions at the midpoint between bit periods, with a '1' represented by a high-to-low transition and a '0' represented by a low-to-high transition. This allows the clock to be recovered from the encoded data and makes synchronization easier. While it requires double the bandwidth of other coding schemes and relies on correct polarity detection, Manchester encoding has found wide use for radio transmission of digital data.

1. ASANSOL ENGINEERING College
MANCHESTER ENCODING
& DECODING TECHNIQUE

2. Title: Study of Manchester Encoding and decoding Technique.
Objective: To know about the implementation of Manchester Encoding
and decoding technique.
Equipment Required: 1.Manchester Coding Kit
2.Power Supply
3.CRO
4.Connecting wires
Theory:
In telecommunication and data storage ,Manchester Coding (also known as
Phase Coding) is a line code in which the encoding of each data bit is either low
then high or high then low, of equal time. It therefore has no DC component and
is self-clocking, which means that it may be inductively or capacitively coupled
,and that a clock signal can be recovered from the encoded data.
It has the following characteristics:
 Each bit is transmitted in fixed time.
 A ‘1’ is noted when high to low transition occurs , ‘0’ is expressed when a
low to high transition is made.
 The transition that is used to note ‘1’ or ‘0’ accurately occurs at the mid
point of a period.
Manchester Coding:
Manchester Coding symbol ‘1’ is represented by a positive pulse followed by a
negative pulse and symbol ‘0’ is represented by a negative pulse followed by a
positive pulse.

3. Mathematical Expression:
If symbol ‘1’ is transmitted ,then
x(t)= A/2 for 0≤t<Tb/2
-A/2 for Tb/2≤t<tb
And if symbol ‘0’ is transmitted then
x(t)= -A/2 for 0≤t<Tb/2
A/2 for Tb/2<t<Tb
Observation Table:
Application:
 Manchester encoding is a form of binary phase keying (BPSK) that has
gained wide acceptance as the modulation scheme for low cost radio
frequency transmission of digital data.
Advantages:
1.The best advantage of Manchester Coding is that the clock is embedded in the
signal ,hence the synchronization made easier.
2.Recovery of the transmitter clock easy.
Disadvantages:
1.The double bandwidth compared with RZ or other coding schemes.
Clock frequency Data Input
(Information)

4. 2.It requires absolute sense of polarity at the receiver end.
Waveform:
Precaution:
 Check the connection properly.
 Take the observation carefully.
 Supply correct amount of voltage.
Conclusion:
After performing the above experiment we are now familiar with the Manchester
coding format and its connection and circuit operation .