The document outlines workplace safety protocols emphasizing fire safety, electrical safety, and general emergency preparedness. It discusses the responsibilities of employers and employees in maintaining a safe work environment, along with case studies of hazardous situations such as a gas leak in Visakhapatnam and a fire in Sivakasi. Additionally, it highlights various types of accidents, the importance of first aid, and general evacuation procedures to ensure health and safety.

1. Workplace
Safety
UNIT -
4

2. ● Basic Safety rules to follow at workplace –
Fire Safety
● Case Studies of Hazardous Situations
● Accidents and Emergencies
● Hazards and Sources of Hazards
Objective
s

3. ● Workplace safety is of utmost importance for both employees and
employers.
● It is the responsibility of the organization to ensure a safe working
environment.
● Implementing workplace safety procedures is necessary to prevent
injuries and minimize loss.
● Employer should prioritize safety and consider the well-being of
workers.
● Employees, on the other hand, should be vigilant of their
surroundings, reduce workplace stress, use tools and equipment
appropriately, keep emergency exits accessible, report unsafe
conditions to supervisors, use mechanical assistance for heavy
Introduction

4. ● Familiarize yourself with the location of fire
extinguishers, fire alarms and emergency exits.
● Keep fire exits and pathways clear of obstructions.
● Do not block fire doors or tamper with fire safety
equipment.
● Participate in fire drills and understand evacuation
procedures.
● Avoid the use of flammable materials near ignition
sources.
1. Fire Safety
Basic safety rules to follow at the workplace encompass
various aspects to ensure a safe working environment

5. ● Keep work areas clean, organized, and free
from clutter.
● Use caution signs for wet floors or hazardous
areas.
● Use appropriate footwear with slip-resistant
soles.
● Use ladders and step stools properly,
ensuring stability and secure footing.
● Do not overreach or stand on unstable
2. Falls and Slips

6. ● Do not overload electrical outlets or extension
cords.
● Inspect cords for damage or fraying and
replace if necessary.
● Use grounded electrical equipment and
outlets.
● Avoid using electrical equipment with wet
hands.
● Report any electrical malfunctions or exposed
3. Electrical
Safety

7. Familiarize yourself with the location of first aid
kits and trained first aid responders. Report
Report all injuries, no matter how minor, to your
supervisor or designated personnel. Follow basic
aid procedures for minor injuries like cuts, burns,
or sprains. Attend first aid training sessions to
enhance your knowledge and skills.
4. Use of First Aid

8. Case Studies of
hazardous situations
A hazardous situation refers to a condition, circumstance, or environment that
poses a threat to health, safety, life, property, or the environment. It implies
the presence of potential risks, dangers, or harm that could result in
accidents, injuries, or damage. Hazardous situations can arise in various
contexts, such as workplaces, industrial settings, natural disasters, or
everyday activities. Identifying and addressing hazardous situations is crucial
for preventing accidents and ensuring the well-being of individuals and the
community.

9. Visakhapatnam Gas Leak
Visakhapatnam was the gas leak incident at the LG Polymers
chemical plant on May 7, 2020. The leak was caused by the
evaporation of styrene, a chemical substance, which spread over a
radius of three kilometers, affecting five villages. The incident
resulted in the death of 11 people and over 1,000 people falling
sick. The gas leak was a result of insufficient maintenance,
improper storage, and operational errors at the plant. The LG
Polymers plant had been operating without a valid environmental
clearance for over two decades, which was not directly linked to the
gas leak incident. Measures like proper maintenance and
adherence to safety regulations are essential to prevent such
Hazard due to
Chemicals

10. ● Sivakasi is known as the "Fireworks Capital of India"
and is home to numerous firecracker manufacturing
units.
● In 2012, The incident involved a fire that broke out at
one of these factories, resulting in a significant loss of
life and property.
● The fire rapidly spread due to the presence of highly
flammable materials and inadequate safety
measures.
● The lack of proper storage facilities, fire suppression
systems, and firefighting equipment.
● The incident highlighted the need for stricter safety
regulations and better enforcement in the fireworks
Hazard due to Fire

11. An accident is an event that happens
unintentionally and without warning, and
it often results in harm or damage. For
example, a car accident is an unfortunate
event that happens when two or more
vehicles collide, and it often leads to
unwanted or unprecedented results.
Accidents and
Emergencies
Accidents

12. Types of
Accidents

13. Motor Vehicle
Accidents
These are accidents involving motor vehicles, such
as cars, trucks, and motorcycles. Motor vehicle
accidents are a leading cause of injury and death
worldwide.
Workplace Accidents
These are accidents that happen at work.
Workplace accidents can be caused by a variety of
factors, including slips and falls, machinery
accidents, and exposure to hazardous substances.

14. Home Accidents
These are accidents that happen at home. Home
accidents are a leading cause of injury and death,
especially for children and older adults.
Sports Accidents
These are accidents that happen during sports or
recreational activities. Sports accidents can be
caused by a variety of factors, including falls,
collisions, and overuse injuries.

15. Falls Accidents
These are accidents that happen when someone falls
from a height. Falls are a leading cause of injury or
unwanted results.
Handling
Accidents
Handling accidents involves a series of steps aimed at
ensuring the safety of those involved, minimizing
damage, and preventing future occurrences.
Provide First Aid
If anyone is injured, provide first aid if you are trained or
able to do so. Basic first aid can make a significant
difference in the outcome of an injury. If the injuries are
severe, call emergency medical services immediately.

16. If there is an immediate threat to life, call
emergency services without delay.
Evacuate people from the area if there is a
risk of explosion, fire or other dangers.
Ensure Immediate
Safety

17. Notify Proper
Authorities
Depending on the type and severity of the accident,
notify the appropriate authorities. This may include
reporting the accident to the police, workplace
safety officials, or insurance companies.
Provide Emotional
Support
Provide emotional support to those
involved it will help them in speedy
recovery.

18. Emergency
An emergency is a situation that requires
immediate action to prevent harm or
damage.
Emergencies can be caused by a variety of
factors, including natural disasters, human
error, and equipment failure.
It is important to stay calm and assess the
situation. Once you have assessed the
situation, you can take steps to protect
yourself and others, such as calling for

19. Types of
Emergencies

20. Natural Disasters
These are events caused by natural phenomena,
such as earthquakes, floods and wildfires,
droughts, extreme heat waves, hurricanes and
tornadoes.
Natural disasters can cause widespread damage
and loss of life.
Human Error
This includes accidents caused by human
negligence, recklessness, or lack of knowledge.
Examples include car accidents, fires, explosions
and industrial accidents.

21. Equipment Failure
This includes accidents caused by the malfunction
of machinery, vehicles, or other equipment.
Examples include power outages, equipment
breakdowns, and leaks.
Medical Emergencies
These are sudden and serious medical conditions
that require immediate attention. Examples include
heart attacks, strokes, seizures, and severe allergic
reactions. Other various emergencies can be
Leakage of some hazardous gas/ chemical,
Pandemics, Terrorist attacks.

22. Protect
Health and
Safety

23. A hazard is anything that is the source of
any potential harm, damage or any kind of
potential loss of health or life.
It can be an unpredictable and uncertain
element that poses a threat to safety or
well-being.
Hazards can arise from various sources and
can take different forms.
Hazard
s

24. Physical Hazards
These hazards are related to the physical
environment and can include things like slippery
floors, uneven surfaces, exposed wiring, machinery
and loud noises.
Human Error
Chemical hazards involve exposure to harmful
substances such as toxic chemicals, gases, solvents,
flammable materials and corrosive substances.

25. Biological Hazards
Biological hazards are associated with bacteria,
viruses, fungi, parasites.
Ergonomic Hazards
Ergonomic hazards arise from improper
workstation setup, repetitive tasks, poor posture,
inadequate lighting, and uncomfortable working
conditions.
Psychological Hazards
These hazards include excessive workload, stress,
violence, bullying, and lack of support or
recognition in the workplace.

26. General Evacuation
Procedures
Evacuation procedures are a set of instructions to
be taken in an emergency to safely exit a building
or area. These instructions are designed to ensure
the safety of all occupants and to minimize the
risk of injury or harm.

27. General Evacuation
procedures typically
include the following
steps

28. Activate the alarm:
Upon detecting an emergency, activate the ?ire alarm or other warning system
to alert everyone in the building.
Remain calm and proceed quickly:
Stay calm and avoid panic. Move quickly but without running or pushing others.
Following exit routes:
Follow designated evacuation routes and exit signs. Avoid using elevators, as
they may become inoperable during an emergency.
Assist others if possible:
If able, assist those who may need help, such as elderly individuals, children, or
people with disabilities.
Proceed to the designated assembly area:
Once outside the building, proceed to the designated assembly area and await
further instructions from emergency personnel.
Do not re-enter the building without authorization:
Do not re-enter the building unless instructed to do so by emergency personnel.

29. Healthy living refers to the practice of maintaining overall well-
being. It encompasses physical, mental and emotional health well-
being.
Essential aspects of healthy living are listed below
1. Nutrition-Balanced Diet
2. Regular Physical Activity
3. Adequate Rest and Sleep
4. Stress Management-Mental and Emotional Well-being
5. Healthy Habits
6. Regular Health Check-ups
7. Personal Hygiene
8. Work-Life Balance
Healthy
Living

30. Thank
you!