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Class10 Social Sectors of Indian economy

The document discusses the three main economic sectors - primary, secondary, and tertiary. The primary sector involves extraction of raw materials from nature. The secondary sector transforms these raw materials into finished goods through manufacturing. The tertiary sector provides services to support the other two sectors, such as transportation and banking. It notes that historically the primary sector was most important but now the secondary and tertiary sectors contribute more to GDP and employment in developed countries. In India, most employment remains in the primary sector despite it contributing a lower share of GDP. The document also discusses organized vs unorganized sectors and ways to protect workers in the unorganized sector.

Education◦
SECTORS PRIMARY SECTOR SECONDARY SECTOR TERTIARY SECTOR
THE PRIMARY SECTOR When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources is an activity of the Primary Sector. The Primary Sector includes all the raw materials from: Agriculture, Diary, Fishing, Forestry This sector is also called agriculture and related sector
THE SECONDARY SECTOR When we convert the natural resources or raw material into finished goods it is called the Secondary Sectors. It could be in a factory, a workshop or at home. This sector is also called manufacturing or industrial sector.
THE TERTIARY SECTOR This sector do not produce a good but they are an aid or support for the production process. The Tertiary Sector includes: Transport, Communication, Storage, Banking and Trade This sector is also called service sector as it helps in the development of the primary and secondary sectors.
More in Service Sector  washerman  Barber  Cobbler  Lawyer  Recent Included IT such as:  Internet Café  ATM Booths  Call Centres  Software Companies
All three sectors are highly interdependent. Primary Sectors Secondary Sectors Tertiary Sectors Raw Material Finished Goods Transportation
COMPARING THE THREE SECTORS Three sectors Primary Sector produced large number of goods and services, Provide employment to many people.
 How to count the various goods and service produced Add up the production of all sectors and find the gross domestic product of the country. Why? Count value of final goods and services only. because:  the value of intermediate good is already included in the value of final goods. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT It is the value of final goods and services produced within the domestic territory of a country during one year.
HISTORICAL CHANGE IN SECTORS Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector Primary Sector:  most important sector of economic.  Goods produced were natural products from the primary sector  Provide employment to most of the people.
Secondary Sector:  New method of manufacturing  People shifted their work place from farm to factories. prefer goods produce in factories as are of cheap rate Secondary sector gradually became most important in total production and employment. This is generally observe in developed countries.
THREE SECTORS OF INDIAN ECONOMY
Tertiary Sector: The Rising Importance 1. Government has to take responsibility on basic services such as: post & telegraph, police station. Court, banks, insurance companies etc. 2. Development of primary and secondary sector leads to the development of service sector. 3. Rise in income demanding for services like shops, tourism, private schools, professional training etc. 4. Services based on information and communication technology become important and essential production of these services rising rapidly
Where are the most of people employed?  Graph 2: shows changing importance of the sectors over the forty years  Graph 3: share of employment in three sectors in 1972-73 and 2011-2012  Share in GDP Employment As regards to employer: Primary sector > Secondary and Tertiary Sector
Primary Sector: more than half of the workers working in this sector Producing only quarter of the GDP Secondary and Tertiary Sector:  two sectors employ less than half the people Producing more than half of the GDP There are more people in agriculture than is necessary.
Underemployed:  not having enough paid work or workers who are using their full skill but in low wages Agriculture Workers: workers in the agriculture sector are UNDEREMPLOYED Disguised Employed LAXMI STORY
How to create more employment? • Take the case of Laxmi She has two hectare plot of unirrigated land. • The government spend money • Laxmi able to irrigate wheat during rabi season. • Two more member of family can employed in her own field
• Construction of Dam and Canal • Increase in transport, trade and storage services • Offering loans at a low rate of interest • Promoting man-made products and small scale industries • Improvement in Tourism, Industries and IT • Generating government schemes for the welfare of people such as : schools, hospitals, providing electricity, irrigation services etc. According to Planning Commission, If tourism sector is improved every year. We can give employment to more than 35 lakh people Right to Work MGNREGA : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005
Division of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised Organised Sector: 1. Registered by government and works under supervision 2. Follow rules and regulations 3. Job security is provided 4. Fixed working hours 5. Pays salary plus provide different facilities like: housing, medical etc. 6. Workers get paid leaves and also pensions on retirement.
Unorganised Sector: 1. Small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government 2. No rules and regulations 3. Insecure Job 4. Working hours are not fixed 5. Daily wages and no additional facilities provided 6. No paid leaves and pension
How to Protect in Unorganised Sector? Since the 1990s, large number of workers losing their jobs in the organised sector, forced to take up jobs in the unorganised sector with low earning. Shifting of organised sector to unorganised sector Causes Impact
Protection of Workers in Unorganised Sector  In Rural area:  Landless agricultural labourers, small and marginal farmers, sharecropper and artisans such as weavers, blacksmith and carpenters are neded to be protected  They must be supported through adequate facility for timely delivery of seeds, agricultural inputs credits, storage facilities and marketing outlets.  In Urban area:  Workers in small scale industries, casual workers in construction, trade and transport etc. are working in unorganised sector.  They need government support to procure raw material and marketing of output. Socio economic sector like SC,ST,OBC also need protection as faced economic as well as social discrimination.
Sector in Terms of Ownership:Public & Private  Public Sector: • Government owns most of the assets and provides all the services. example: Railways and Post Office • Service motive  Private Sector: • Private and individual owns of assets and provides all the services. example: TISCO or RIL • Profit motive
Class10 Social Sectors of Indian economy