For the nurse to be effective in the dynamic complex health care system and to help client to achieve the outcome , nurses need to be knowledgeable , resourceful and able to work well with other health care practioners.

1. MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOL
OF NURSING

2. • For the nurse to be effective in the dynamic complex health care
system and to help client to achieve the outcome , nurses need to be
knowledgeable , resourceful and able to work well with other health
care practioners.
• This goal is achieved through nursing education.

3. • The quality of the educational programme depends to a large extend
on the organizational framework with in which it operates.
• A nursing educational institution, can operate effectively only if it is
properly organized and has the support of proper administration and
of an interested controlling authority.

4. PLANNING OF SCHOOL OF NURSING
• Planning is the first function of administration and management,
undertaken to fulfill the purpose for which an organization is
established .
• It is a pivotal process in administration and management
involving conceptual skills, skills of analytical and critical
thinking and problem solving.

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANNING
(I) PRIMACY
The prime function of administration is planning which provides
the very basis for the organizational function as a whole.
(II) FUTURISTIC ORIENTATION
Planning projects into the future, address itself to the futuristic
needs and demands looking ahead to make provisions for future
development, for handling future events and situations.
(III) PERVASIVENESS
Managers at all levels are involved with the planning function i.e.
it pervades all the levels – from the top to first levels of management .

6. (IV) FLEXIBILITY AND DYNAMISM
Planning is involved with ongoing assessment and reassessment
of the organizational goals and objectives the direction the organization
is giving and thereby changing its levels as required.
(V) UNITY OF PURPOSE AND DIRECTION
Planning always takes into consideration the organizational goals
in their totality providing a common focus in planning of administrative
and managerial actions , and there by rendering unity of purpose and
direction in the process.

7. IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING
• Its master function is to provide framework for giving direction to the
different functions written the organization.
• It gives direction to work
• It is the integral part of other administrative function (POSDCORB)
• Ensures order and control.
• Determines appropriateness and feasibility of actions in terms of cost
effectiveness and quality control
• Eliminates chances of uncertainty.

8. STEPS IN PLANNING/ ORGANIZATION OF THE
SCHOOL OF NURSING
1. Formulation of board of management
2. Formulation of philosophy of College Of Nursing
3. Obtaining permission from state government
4. Obtaining permission from INC
5. Obtaining permission from University
6. Preparing infrastructure and other facilities
7. Selection , recruitment , appointment of faculty

9. STEPS IN PLANNING/ ORGANIZATION OF THE
SCHOOL OF NURSING
8. Selection, recruitment , appointment of students
9. Budget planning
10. Curriculum development and administration
11. Periodic credentialing and accreditation of the College
12. Extra curricular/ co curricular activities
13. Student organization
14. Maintenance of record and reports

10. 8. Selection, recruitment , appointment of
students
Admission policies:
• In relation to the Academic Qualifications
• In relation to personal and social fitness
• Others

11. Recruitment
After policies for admission have been agreed upon , the next step is
to recruit the students.
Recruitment is a continuous activity which is carried out both for the
profession in general and for the individual schools of nursing.
• General recruitment for nursing
• Recruitment for individual institutions

12. • At this stage he/she will be influenced by her parents, teachers or
friends or by past experience of nursing care and by the image of
nursing she has build up.
• Some of the ways of general recruitment include
• Talks and plays in radio/TV/media
• Films on nursing
• By making available in public , school and club libraries biographies
and fiction on nursing subjects
• By publishing articles in the journals

13. Recruitment for individual institutions
After the student chooses the nursing profession , the next
decision to be made is where to go for necessary preparation, and this
is where the individual school will reap the benefit of having an active
recruitment programme.

14. Some of the methods which locally used are:
• Holding open days in the hospital and educational institution
• friends
• Arranging talk by the staff of the educational institution in local
schools, youth clubs and other community organizations
• Displaying suitable posters in the institution, in the hospital and other
appropriate place
• Publishing articles , notices, reports and pictures of the institutional
activities in the local press
• Publication of the institutional brochure

15. Selection
• The methods used for the selection of the students should be as
objective as possible and should have proved themselves to be value
and successful in identifying the kind of students wanted.
Some suggestions relating to selection procedures are:
• The institution should have clearly defined selection policies
• Application form
• Selection committee

16. Application form:
The information contained in the application form and the
reports received in connection with them should be systematically
tabulated and filed.

17. Selection committee
The members of the selection committee should include:
• The head of the nursing institution
• The senior tutor
• A representative of the local controlling authority(hospital)
• Any or all of the following
• A representative from the nursing division of the state( if applicable)
• A physician
• A school teacher and possibly
• An educational psychologist

18. 9. Budget
It is a concrete precise picture of the total operation of an
enterprise in monitory terms.
How to make a budget for the nursing institution
• Find out the actual budget for the previous year
• Estimate the financial budget for the next year

19. Income
• Invested fund,
• Tuition fees based on number of student admission,
• Textbook
• Uniform, etc…

20. Expenditure
Indirect
• Provision for general administration
• Duty expense
• Laundry expense
• Telephone expense etc

21. Direct
• Instructional
• Non -instructional
• Resident for the staff
• Recreational
• Clerical expense
• Salaries
• Maintenance and repair

22. • Purchase of uniform
• Health programmes supplies
• Library ( book acquisition, periodical subscription, textbook purchase,
other library equipments)
• Recreational equipments
• School equipments (class room and lab repairs)
• Supplies and equipments for library , lab, classroom,
• Scholarship for the students, professional development of the faculty
• Contingency fund for educational tours, professional activities

23. • Normally controlling body takes the full responsibility for
administering some of the item mentioned above , such as salary ,
stipend , equipment , linen, household supplies and transport.
• But there are others for which it is essential that the staff should be
directly responsible if the objectives is to be achieved.
• The library for the purchase of books , journals and daily
newspapers , for binding of journals, for stationary , such as index
card , label etc

24. • Incidental teaching equipment for teaching aids such as charts,
films or slides, posters, paints etc
• Office supplies for stationary , including stencils, registers,
typewriter ribbons , files etc
• External lecturers for the payment of fees in accordance with the
policy of the controlling body

25. 10. Curriculum development and
administration
Curriculum
Is defined as the systematic arrangement of the sum total of
selected experiences planned by the school for a defined group of
students to attain the aims of a particular educational programme.

26. Steps in the development of the curriculum
a) The establishment of the educational purpose /objectives of the
institution
b) The selection of the learning experiences which will achieve the
purpose
c) The effective organization of the selected learning experiences
d) Planned and continuing evaluation

27. a) The establishment of the educational
purpose / objectives of the institution
Educational objectives are the desired change in behavior as a
result of specific teaching learning activity or specific teacher learner
activity.

28. It should be based on the following factors
• The statement of the schools philosophy
• The social and health needs of the people
• The kind of students that is expected to be recruited and her specific needs
• The level of the professional competence to be attained
• The role of the nurse to play in the society
• The statutory minimum requirements
• The teaching, physical and clinical resources available

29. Formulation of the purpose/objectives:
• The purposes are the overall goals of the total educational programme and
should be formulated as a broad statement of one to two sentences.
• The objectives which are derived from the purposes should be more
specific and should be stated in such a way that they will be a guide , in the
construction of curriculum and selection of the learning experiences.

30. b) Selection of the learning experiences which
will achieve the purpose
The selection of the learning experience , broadly speaking ,
deciding on what will be the content of the curriculum.
A learning experience is something in which the student actively
participates and which result in a change in the behavior.
The kind of learning experience which the student require will
depend on the objectives of the curriculum.

31. c) The effective organization of the selected
learning experiences
The steps include
i. Grouping Learning experiences under subject heading
ii. Preparation of master plan for the curriculum
iii. Placement of learning experiences in the total curriculum
iv. Preparation of the correlation chart
v. Organization of clinical experiences
vi. Types of teaching system have to be followed

32. i. Grouping Learning experiences under subject heading
After selecting the learning experience one has to organize them
with an intention to provide optimum experience to the students.

33. ii. Preparation of master plan for the curriculum
Preparation of the master plan helps the teachers in the placement of
the subject matter and the clinical experience.
It should include:
• Total duration of the programme
• Explanation of the different courses
• Total allotted times in terms of theory and practice
• Teaching – learning method
• Scheme of evaluation
• Details of the student activities

34. iii. Placement of learning experiences in the total curriculum
• all elements of the curriculum should be related to one another
• the learning experience should follow principle of sequence ,
integration, and correlation
iv. Preparation of the correlation chart
• it will help to identify the extend of correlation achieved in the total
curriculum in relation to different courses of study and the various
subjects and clinical experience offered in the programme

35. v. Organization of clinical experiences
• Proper organization of the clinical experience will help to develop the
expertise in the field of nursing
vi. Types of teaching system have to be followed
• complete block or teaching block system
• partial block system and
• study day system

36. 11) Periodic credentialing and accreditation of
the College
The quality of nurse education is controlled from within the
profession through state boards of nursing and national accrediting bodies.
These bodies ensure quality in practice by preparing nursing students in:
• The contemporary and anticipated needs of health care.
• An outcome based competency approach to fitness of practice.
• Sound assessment of practice and its integration with theory.
• The nature of and standards for the teaching of nursing.
• Positioning in relation to possible inter-professional approaches where necessary.

37. Credentialing
This is generally defined as the formal recognition of professional
or technical competence and attainment of minimum standards by a
person to:
a. Produce a quality product
b. Confer a unique identity
c. Protect provider and public
d. Control the profession

38. Accreditation
• This is one of the major quality assurance tool employed in nursing.
• It is a system of evaluating nurse academic programmes in line with
the minimum laid down standards.
• To ensure quality, the International Council of Nurses established
standards that are use by national bodies to inspect nursing
education programmes while the National Universities Commission
have their own standards for university-based education.

39. Objectives of the accreditation
• The accreditation process objectives are primarily to evaluate the
school or department’s physical structure, organizational structure,
funding, library as well as employer rating
• Ensure that at least minimum academic standards documents are
attained, enhanced and maintained.
• That employer as well as other community members is sure of the
level of competency attained by nursing graduates.
• Prove to the international community that nursing programmes
whether basic or university level measure up with international
standards of caregivers to service recipients.

40. Three levels of status Accreditation
• Full accreditation usually granted to nursing programmes that
satisfies the minimum period of three (3) years.
• Provisional accreditation is given to schools that have met the
minimum standards required but are left with a few more things to
do.
• Denied accreditation is for those schools that do not meet the
minimum requirements to run a school of nursing.

41. Periodic Inspection by Indian Nursing Council
Indian Nursing Council conducts periodical (after 3 years)
inspection of the institution once the institution is found suitable by
Indian Nursing Council to monitor the standard of nursing education
and the adherence of the norms prescribed by INC. Institution are
required to pay annual affiliation fees every year. However, if the
institution does not comply to the norms prescribed by Indian Nursing
Council for teaching, clinical & physical facilities, the institution will be
declared unsuitable.

42. 12. Extra curricular/ co curricular activities/
Student welfare activities
• Student welfare is an important part of the total educational
programme.
• It broadly covers their physical , mental, and social well being.
• Such needs of the students will be met partly by the facilities
provided in the hostel and partly through an active and adequate
student health , guidance and counseling services , and opportunities
for recreation and for cultural and religious activities.

43. Extra curricular/ co curricular activities/
Student welfare activities
• Student health services
• Counseling
• Recreational and cultural activities

44. Student health services
• These are designed to permit the students to achieve the maximum
benefit from their school experience.
• To promote good health habits which will be lasting and which they
can apply in the practice of nursing , and to give them the required
care when they are sick.

45. The health services include:
• Medical examination on admission and routine
• Health records
• Student health clinic
• Health room in the hostel
• Sickroom for the students

46. Counseling
To give the students the guidance and counsel in her daily living
personal problems , adjustment to group living , educational
programme and her professional responsibilities should be taken into
account

47. Recreational and cultural activities
• There are so many recreational programmes which can be pursued in the
nursing educational institutions such as music , dance and drama, reading
and creative writing , needle work photography, nature study, gardening
and social entertainments such as giving parties , going for picnics and both
indoor and outdoor games
• There should be adequate facilities for recreation like sitting room, reading
room, and recreation room and lawn, badminton and tennis courts and
space for other out door games

48. 13. Student organization
• The involvement of the students as an organized group is an
important factor in the management of the school and in meeting
the objectives of the programme.
• The two principal ways by which this can be achieved are through
student government and by the formation of a unit of the Student
Nurses Association.

49. Student government
Government by the student usually requires the setting up of a
student association of the institution, to function as the officially
recognized organization of the students.
The council, which would be the executive organ of the student
association , should be composed of two or more elected
representatives from each class.
It should have a president , vice president and secretary and
should maintain record for its all meetings

50. The objectives of such student association may include:
• The promotion of student welfare
• The development of cooperation and unity
• To establish and maintain good interpersonal relationship with the
staff
• To the development of a sense of responsibility for the success of the
hostel life
• The development of the ability of organizational technique and
committee procedures
• The promotion of the reputation of the institution

51. • The establishment of the line of communication and association with
the student group in the community and in the country as a whole
• The advancement of professional thinking and action
• These objectives can be met by the student council through the
following functions:-
• Initiating and supporting the student s’ social , cultural and
professional activities
• Assisting with the orientation of the new students
• Reviewing and requested , the school and hospital procedures and
policies and making recommendations in this respect

52. • The interpretation and enforcement , where appropriate , of school policies
• Taking disciplinary action when necessary in accordance with measures
agreed by the members
• The objectives of such student association may include:
• Receiving , investigating and , in some instances, disposing of complaints
relating to the hostel
• Establishing official channels of communication with the institutional staff
in relation to student council matters, and
• The appointment of representatives to serve on institutional committees,
eg: the curriculum and library committees

53. SNA
The Student Nurses Association is an associate organization of
the Trained Nurses Association of India, and has its objectives:
• To help students to uphold the dignity and ideals of the profession for
which they are qualifying
• To promote a cooperate spirit among students for a common good

54. • To furnish nurses in training with advise in their courses of study
leading up to professional qualification
• To encourage leadership ability and help students to gain a wide
knowledge of the nursing profession in all its different branches and
aspects
• To increase the students social contact and general knowledge in
order to help them take their place in the world when they are
finishing their training

55. • To encourage both professional and recreational meetings, games and
sports
• To encourage both professional and recreational meetings, games and
sports
• To provide a special section in the nursing journal of india for the
benefit of student
• To encourage students to compete for prices in the Student Nurses
Exhibitions and to attend national and regional conferences

56. 14. Maintenance of record and reports
Types of records to be kept in the nursing institutions:
• Those concerning the students
• Those concerning the staff
• General school records

57. Records concerning the students
• Application forms and other reports called for at the time off
recruitment, selection and appointment
• A record of each student’s clinical experience
• progress report showing grades and any other forms of pertinent
information
• A final record giving summary of instruction, clinical experience ,
grades and other relevant material
• A health record

58. Records concerning school staff
• Application form
• Copy of letter of appointment and any subsequent letter showing the change
in the status
• Job description
• Record of staff members’ educational qualification, previous experiences, any
short term educational courses attended, membership in professional
societies, and professional activities such as contribution of articles to the
journal, holding office in associations or organizations, participation in
seminars, conferences etc
• Periodic evaluation or progress report
• Leave record( vacation, casual, special , or sick leave)
• Health record

59. General school record:
These should consist of;
• The philosophy, purpose and curriculum of the school
• Written policies of the school
• Statement of budget proposals and allotments
• Letter of agreement with affiliating agencies
• Minutes of staff meetings
• Copy of institutional brochure
• Inventories of stock

60. Reports
• The number and nature of reports will depend on what is required by the
controlling body and the nursing councils.
The type of information required in an annual report is as follows:
• Factual data concerning the students, staff , clinical facilities, physical
facilities , administration and the curriculum
• Developments in the school programme since last report
• Proposals and plans for future development
• Problems encountered
• Recommendations