The document discusses how to build a simple electromagnet using copper wire wrapped around an iron nail, connected to a battery. When electric current flows through the wire, it creates a magnetic field that allows the nail to attract iron filings. The strength of an electromagnet depends on factors like the number of wire turns and amount of electric current. Electromagnets are found in many devices and have various applications because they can be switched on and off using electricity unlike permanent magnets.

1. “BUILD AN
ELECTROMAGNET”
By : Group 2

2. What is Electromagnet:
 = electromagnet is a magnet that runs on
electricity.
 = consists of a soft-iron core around which a
number of turns of insulated wire are wound,
becomes magnet when connected to a source of
electricity.

3. Facts about Electromagnet
 Electromagnetism is the combined effect of
electricity and magnetism.
 Every electric current creates its own magnetic
field.
 Magnetic levitation trains use very strong
electromagnets to carry the train on a cushion of
magnetic repulsion.
 Electromagnetism can be switched on and off,
unlike permanent magnets.
 Electromagnets are used in everything from ticket
machines and telephones to loudspeakers.

4. “Build an Electromagnet”
 Materials :
 half meter copper wire
 one dry cell
 1iron nail about four centimeters in length
 electrical tape
 iron filings
 Procedure:
 1. Get a half meter long copper wire and remove the insulation at both ends.
 2. Wound the wire around the nail.
 3. Attach the ends of the poles to the dry cell.
 4. Trace the path of electricity in this device.
 5. Bring the nail near some iron filings.
 6. Observe how the iron filings behave.
 7. Predict what would happen if the wire was detached from the dry cell.
 8. Detach one wire from one terminal of the dry cell.
 9. Observe what happens.

5. Result:
 The circuit was closed when you attached the ends of
the wires to the poles of the dry cell. When you brought
the nail near the iron filings, they reacted to the nail as
shown by their movements. After detaching one of the
wires from the dry cell, the iron filings no longer
showed any reaction to the nail. The nail in this
experiment acted like a magnet. Electricity flowing in a
conductor like the nail produces a magnetic field which
results to magnetism. The nail attracts magnetic
objects like the iron filings. The strength of an
electromagnet is influenced by the number of turns it
has on its coil, the material used and the amount of
electricity in the wire. Electromagnets are found inside
the telephone, washing machine, and many others.

6. Generalization
 An electromagnet is a temporary magnet that
produces electricity when electric current flows
through a coil of wire wrapped around a piece of
iron. It can only move nails, paper clips, and tacks or
other materials made of steel or iron while current is
passing through the coil. To make the electromagnet
work, there must be a complete circuit of electrons
they can move through. When either the terminal is
disconnected, the circuit is broken and the
electromagnet loses its ability to magnetize.

7. Application
 Electromagnets have several uses and practical
applications. They can be found in various
everyday electronics and are also used for
industrial purposes ourselves. You can say that
the electromagnet made much of the modern
age possible harnessing electricity as a practical
force in the same way that mankind used
windmills and dams to harness wind and water.
Here are some of the ways that electromagnets
are used.

8.  First, there are motors and generators. The
discovery of the electromagnet made possible the
invention of electric motors and generators. Both
of these work on a scientific principle called
electromagnetic induction. This phenomenon was
discovered by the scientist Michael Faraday.
Electromagnetic induction takes advantage of the
fact that a moving electrical current creates a
magnetic fields and a moving magnetic field
creates an electrical current.

9.  Second, there are relays. Electromagnets are used to control the
switches in relay. This is important especially when it comes to things
like making a telephone call. The first telephones made use of a type of
relay called a reed switch it not only helped to connect calls but
performed the rudimentary logic and memory functions.
Third, there are practical industrial uses. Only materials made of iron,
nickel, cobalt or their alloys or naturally occurring minerals respond to a
magnetic field. This has many practical uses. One use is sorting out
metals. Since the elements mentioned are used a lot in manufacturing,
using an electromagnet is an efficient way to sort these metals out.
Another use is in lifting of massive objects. You have probably seen cars
in junk yard being lifted by a crane with a round plate at the end in
movies or on television. The round plate at the end of the crane is also
an electromagnet.
 They are also used in transportation. Trains in Asia and Europe use
electromagnets to levitate the cars. This helps them to move at
phenomenal speeds.
 There several other uses for electromagnets from security systems, to
switches, and even propulsion systems for spacecraft. One new use that
will be vital in new computing systems is solid state memory. Like the
relay predecessors this new type of memory will rely on electromagnets


10. Pictures uses Electromagnet

11. Use in medicine

12. Appliances

13. control the switches in relay

14. Advanced technology

15.  The end