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This document provides information about microprocessor architecture and the Intel 8086 microprocessor. It discusses types of computers like microcomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. It then covers the evolution of Intel's microprocessors from the 8008 to the 8086. The 8086 is described as the first 16-bit microprocessor with features like a 16-bit ALU and data bus. The document outlines the architecture of the 8086 including its memory unit, ALU, control unit, and interrupt controller. It provides a block diagram of the 8086 and compares microprocessors and microcontrollers.
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Above slide explains Microprocessor and Microcontroller in simple terms.
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The document provides information about the microprocessor 8085, including its pin configuration, functional blocks, interrupts, and history. It begins with an overview of the 8085 pinout and architecture, describing the functions of pins like crystal inputs, reset inputs/outputs, and serial I/O pins. It then covers the different types of interrupts the 8085 can receive, such as TRAP, RST, and INTR interrupts, and how interrupts are prioritized and handled. The document concludes with a brief timeline of Intel microprocessor developments from the early 4004 to multi-core 64-bit processors.ITFT_Introduction to microprocessor
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This document provides an overview of microprocessors and the 8085 microprocessor. It discusses the evolution of microprocessors from early business calculators and home computers to modern devices. It then describes the internal architecture of the 8085 microprocessor, including its functional blocks like the ALU, registers, flags, and buses. Finally, it outlines the five generations of microprocessors and provides details on the pin configuration and functions of the 8085 microprocessor.
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Microprocessor and Microcontroller - ITVoyagers
Above slide explains Microprocessor and Microcontroller in simple terms.
We have cover following points.
Microcontroller
Architecture
Size
Memory
Interfaces
Microprocessor
Architecture
Size
Memory
Interfaces
Microprocessor VS Microcontroller
..................................................
Hope you like it.
ITVoyagers is trying to explain all concepts of IT/CS in simple terms.
EE6502 Microprocessor & Microcontroller Regulation 2013
EE6502 Microprocessor & Microcontroller Regulation 2013Velalar College of Engineering and Technology
The document provides information about the microprocessor 8085, including its pin configuration, functional blocks, interrupts, and history. It begins with an overview of the 8085 pinout and architecture, describing the functions of pins like crystal inputs, reset inputs/outputs, and serial I/O pins. It then covers the different types of interrupts the 8085 can receive, such as TRAP, RST, and INTR interrupts, and how interrupts are prioritized and handled. The document concludes with a brief timeline of Intel microprocessor developments from the early 4004 to multi-core 64-bit processors.ITFT_Introduction to microprocessor
This document provides an introduction to microprocessors and their applications. It defines a microprocessor as a multipurpose, programmable VLSI chip that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to stored instructions, and provides results as output. The document discusses the main components and units of a microprocessor including the ALU, registers, and control unit. It also outlines some of the key applications of microprocessors such as in mobile phones, digital cameras, traffic lights, cars, aircraft and more. Finally, it lists some of the latest microprocessor models from Intel including the Core i7 and Core i5 series.
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The document discusses the history and development of microprocessors and microcontrollers. It defines a microprocessor as a CPU integrated onto a single chip that serves as the central component of modern computers. Microcontrollers are similar but integrated with additional components like memory and I/O ports to control embedded systems. The first microprocessor was conceived in 1969 at Intel to power programmable calculators, and the first device was delivered in 1971. Microcontrollers were first created in 1971 and commercialized in 1974 to integrate all components needed to control a device. Modern microprocessors and microcontrollers now power many electronic devices from appliances to vehicles to cell phones.
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This document provides information about the 8086 microprocessor architecture. It describes how the 8086 CPU is divided into two units: the Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and the Execution Unit (EU). The BIU handles data and address transfers between memory and I/O, while the EU decodes instructions and performs operations. The 8086 uses a queue to prefetch and store up to 6 instruction bytes to improve performance. It can perform 16-bit word reads from memory in one operation if the data is stored at an even address, but requires two operations for odd addresses.
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This document provides an overview of microprocessors and the 8085 microprocessor. It discusses the evolution of microprocessors from early business calculators and home computers to modern devices. It then describes the internal architecture of the 8085 microprocessor, including its functional blocks like the ALU, registers, flags, and buses. Finally, it outlines the five generations of microprocessors and provides details on the pin configuration and functions of the 8085 microprocessor.
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The document provides information about a microprocessor and microcontroller course. It includes details about the 8086 microprocessor such as its architecture, registers, buses, instruction set, and flag register. It discusses the 8086's internal architecture which consists of a bus interface unit and execution unit. The execution unit decodes and executes instructions, and contains components like the ALU, general purpose registers, and flag register. The document also provides a brief history of microprocessor development from early 4-bit and 8-bit processors to modern 64-bit processors.
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The document compares the 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. It notes that the 8086 was an improvement over the 8085 in several ways: it had a 16-bit data bus and 20-bit address bus compared to the 8085's 8-bit data bus and 16-bit address bus. The 8086 also had faster clock speeds, supported pipelining and memory segmentation, and had more transistors, flags, and arithmetic instructions. Overall, the 8086 was a more powerful processor able to perform tasks faster than the 8085.
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The document discusses microprocessors and their evolution over time. It begins with definitions of key terms like microprocessor, microcontroller, and the differences between them. It then covers the internal organization of a microprocessor including the ALU, registers, control unit, and memory. Examples of early microprocessors like the Intel 8080 and 8088 are provided along with a table showing their increasing transistor counts, clock speeds, and performance over generations from the 1970s to the late 1990s.
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This document provides a historical overview of Intel microprocessors from 1971 to 2002. It describes the evolution of microprocessors from 4-bit to 32-bit designs with increasing memory capacity and performance improvements over time. Key microprocessors discussed include the 4004, 8008, 8080, 8085, 8086/8088, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium IV. The document also provides background on the von Neumann machine concept and components of a basic computer system including memory, I/O, the ALU, control unit, registers, and bus.
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The document discusses the microprocessor and its components. It explains that the microprocessor uses three busses - the address bus, data bus, and control bus - to perform operations. It describes the functions of each bus, including that the address bus is 16-bits wide and used to access memory locations, the data bus is 8-bits wide and bi-directional for transferring data, and the control bus consists of individual control signals. It also discusses other microprocessor components like the arithmetic logic unit and memory.
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- In the 1980s, RISC architectures emerged to optimize for common instructions and simplify decoding. This led to pipelines that could execute one instruction per clock cycle.
- Research showed optimizing for frequent instructions like data movement and flow control. RISC used fixed-size instructions and register-based operations.
- While RISC and CISC distinctions blurred over time
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Description about 8086 microrocessor with pin diagram.
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This document provides information about the Microprocessors and Microcontrollers course EE8551. After completing the course, students will gain knowledge and be eligible for positions like Electronics Engineer, IOT Engineer, and Embedded Developer. The course will impart knowledge on topics like the architecture of 8085 and 8051 microprocessors and microcontrollers, addressing modes, interrupts, and programming in assembly language. It will develop the ability to explain microprocessor architecture and write assembly programs. The document then provides background information on microprocessors, their applications, evolution of Intel processors, architecture of 8085 processor, and interrupt concepts in 8085.
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Microprocessors have evolved significantly since their invention in the 1970s. Starting with early chips like the 4004 and 8008, microprocessors powered the computer revolution and are now found in most electronic devices. Advancements led to increased processing power and capabilities over generations. Modern microprocessors use 64-bit architecture and are found not just in computers but also appliances, vehicles, phones, and other consumer products, demonstrating the wide proliferation and impact of these fundamental computing components.
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This document discusses the history and evolution of microprocessors over four generations from 1971 to present. It focuses on 8-bit microprocessors, which are most common in sensor and actuator systems. Key features of 8-bit microprocessors discussed include word length, memory addressing, clock speeds, input/output pins, timers, and programmability. Microprocessors provide flexible programmable control and can be configured by engineers for various tasks.
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The document discusses data acquisition systems. It provides an overview of data acquisition hardware and software. The key points are:
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2. Data acquisition hardware interfaces sensors to a computer and can include modules, cards, and standards like CAMAC, Ethernet, and USB.
3. Data acquisition software is needed for the hardware to work with a PC and includes programming languages like C++, BASIC, and LabView.
4. Benefits of data acquisition systems include reduced data redundancy, improved integrity, and lower costs.
Sistem mikroprosessor
Here are the key components of a motherboard:
- CPU - The central processing unit, usually located in a CPU socket. Processes instructions and performs calculations.
- RAM slots - Slots to insert RAM modules to provide short-term storage for programs and data being actively worked on.
- Expansion slots - Slots that accept add-on cards like graphics cards, sound cards, network cards, etc. Common types include PCI, PCIe, AGP.
- BIOS chip - Basic Input/Output System firmware that controls bootup and provides an interface to hardware.
- Chipset - Integrated circuits that connect the CPU and RAM to peripherals and expansion slots. Northbridge and southbridge
MICROPROCESSORS BASICS
The document provides an overview of the evolution of microprocessors from the early Intel 4004 microprocessor in 1971 to modern multi-core processors. It describes several generations of Intel microprocessors including the 8-bit 8080 and 8085, early 16-bit processors like the 8086 and 8088, the 32-bit 80386, and the Pentium series which introduced superscalar and parallel processing. It also discusses Intel partnering with HP to develop the 64-bit Itanium architecture and the introduction of dual-core and quad-core processors like the Pentium Dual-Core and Core 2 Quad.
Micro Lec 1
The document discusses the evolution of microprocessor technology from 1971 to the present. It describes the key developments including the earliest 4-bit microprocessors from Intel like the 4004. It then outlines the progression to 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit processors, highlighting models like the 8080, 8086, 80286, 386, 486, Pentium, and Itanium. The document also notes how Moore's Law has allowed the number of transistors on chips to double every two years, and discusses dual core and other emerging technologies that will help extend Moore's Law into the future.
microprocessormicrocontrollerbysanat-140107013112-phpapp02.pdf
The microprocessor is the central processing unit of computers and electronic devices. Early microprocessors included 4-bit and 8-bit processors developed by Intel in the 1970s. Major developments included 16-bit processors like the Intel 8086 and 32-bit processors like the Intel 80386. Modern 64-bit processors include Intel Core i7 and i5. Microprocessors use a central processing unit, memory, and input/output systems to process instructions and data. Microcontrollers integrate a microprocessor with additional components like memory and input/output ports onto a single chip, making them useful for embedded applications.
Eee iv-microcontrollers [10 es42]-notes
This document provides an overview of microcontrollers and computer hardware and software. It discusses the differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers, as well as complex instruction set computers (CISC) and reduced instruction set computers (RISC). The 8051 microcontroller architecture is presented, including its Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory, as well as common addressing modes and instruction sets. Computer software is defined as a set of instructions to solve a specific task.
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This document provides an overview of embedded systems and interfacing with the ATmega8 microcontroller. It discusses the characteristics of embedded systems and gives examples such as appliances, medical devices, vehicles, and more. It also covers the 8051 and AVR microcontrollers, focusing on the ATmega8's architecture, programming, and interfacing with various components like LEDs, LCDs, seven segment displays, motors, and sensors. The goal is to provide knowledge about embedded systems and practical experience interfacing the ATmega8 microcontroller.
A presentation on Evaluation of Microprocessor
This presentation summarizes the historical background of several major microprocessor companies, including Intel, IBM, AMD, and MIPS Technology. It discusses the evolution of microprocessors from early 4-bit processors like the Intel 4004 to more advanced 8-bit and 64-bit processors. For each company, it outlines some of the most notable microprocessor models released over the years, along with key details about their specifications and impact. The presentation concludes that the microprocessor has transformed computing and undergone rapid advancement from its initial conception to today's high-powered multiprocessor systems.
ppt 1 barrybrei.ppt
This chapter provides an overview of microprocessors and computer history. It discusses the evolution of computers from mechanical to electronic devices. Key developments include the stored program concept, transistor-based computers, integrated circuits, and the invention of the microprocessor. The chapter describes the Intel family of microprocessors from the 4004 to the Pentium 4. It provides a block diagram of a basic computer system and explains the function of the microprocessor, memory, and I/O components. It also discusses how data is represented and stored in memory.
Chp 1- barrybrei -rj.pdf
This document provides an overview of Intel microprocessors from the 4004 in 1971 to the Pentium processors of the 1990s. It discusses the history of computing from mechanical calculators to early mainframes and microprocessors. The key Intel processors are described, including the 8086/8088, 80286, 80386, 80486 and Pentium families. The document outlines the evolution of features like integrated circuits, memory addressing, and instruction sets across processor generations. It provides context on the development of computer architecture and programming languages.
Introduction to microprocessor
The document traces the history and development of microprocessors from 1971 to the present. It begins with the Intel 4004, the first commercial microprocessor released in 1971. Important subsequent microprocessors included the Intel 8080 in 1974 and 8085 in 1977. The Pentium brand was introduced in 1993 and included 64-bit x86 instruction sets. The Core 2 brand from 2006 featured single, dual, and quad-core processors. The document also provides basic explanations of how microprocessors work and their components like the ALU, registers, and control unit.
Mp evolution
The document outlines the evolution of microprocessors over 5 generations from 1971 to present. It discusses the major developments including the introduction of the first microprocessor by Intel in 1971. Subsequent generations brought improvements like 8-bit processors in the second generation, 16-bit processors in the third, and 32-bit processors in the fourth generation. The fifth generation emphasized 64-bit processors and improvements in speed and on-chip functionality.
Evolution of processors
this presentation is a great to deliver in classrooms, stage or also can be used to deliver lecture on "Evolution of processor".
it is also very helpful to learn about microprocessor, directly we can say its a self pack containing all about microprocessor.
this ppt contains evolution not only on the basis of generations but also on the basis of their invention.
must gothrough it
Chapter#13
This document provides an introduction to microprocessors. It defines a microprocessor as a CPU constructed on a single silicon chip. The document then discusses computer hardware components like the CPU and memory. It also outlines some common microprocessor families that are featured in the textbook like the 6502, 6800, 8080/8085/Z80, and 8086/8088. Finally, it mentions some ways to access microprocessors like using computers, microprocessor trainers, and software emulation programs.
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This document provides an overview of microprocessors and microcontrollers presented by Mrs. C. Kalieswari. It begins with definitions of a microprocessor as a CPU built on a single chip that takes binary input, performs arithmetic and logical operations according to a stored program, and provides output. Block diagrams and histories of early 4-bit and 8-bit microprocessors like the Intel 4004 and 8008 are presented. The evolution of microprocessors to 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit designs is summarized. Processor architectures including Von Neumann, Harvard, and super Harvard are defined. Finally, the topics to be covered in the unit on the 8085 processor are listed.
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microprocessormicrocontrollerbysanat-140107013112-phpapp02.pdf
microprocessormicrocontrollerbysanat-140107013112-phpapp02.pdf
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The document discusses the registers of the 80386 microprocessor. It describes:
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Ma
- 1. Subject : Microprocessors Architecture Friday, August 22, 2014 Basic of Microprocessor Architecture 1 Types Of Computer Evolution Of Microprocessors Microprocessors 8086 Features Architecture of 8086 . Examination Scheme Theory: 50 Marks Online: 50 Marks Oral: 50 Marks Term Work: 25 Marks
- 2. Friday, August 22, 2014 Basic of Microprocessor Architecture 2 Type of computer Digital computer Analog computer Hybrid Computer Micro Computer Main frame Computer Super Computer Home PC Mini Computer Types of Computer Fig 1 : Types Of Computers
- 3. Friday, August 22, 2014 Basic of Microprocessor Architecture 3 Analog Computer Digital Computer Measures and answer the questions by the method of “HOW MUCH”. Answer the questions by the method of “HOW Many”. Signals are continuous of (0 to 10 V) Signals are two level of (0 V or 5 V) Accuracy 1% Approximately Accuracy unlimited . High speed low speed sequential as well as parallel processing Output is continuous Output is continuous but obtain when computation is completed Time is wasted in transmission time No time wasted in transmission.
- 4. 1.Micro Computer 1. Micro computer are the smallest computer system. 2. There size range from calculator to desktop size. 3. Its CPU is microprocessor. It also known as Grand child Computer. 4. Application : - personal computer, Multi user system, offices. Friday, August 22, 2014 4Basic of Microprocessor Architecture 1. These are also small general purpose system. 2. Generally more powerful and most useful as compared to micro computer. 3. Mini computer are also known as mid range computer or Child computer. 4. Application :- Departmental systems, Network Servers, work group system. 2. Mini Computer
- 5. Main Frame Computer 1. Mainframe computers are those computers that offer faster processing and grater storage area. 2. The word “main frame” comes from the metal frames. It is also known as Father computer. 3. Application – Host computer, Central data base server. Friday, August 22, 2014 5Basic of Microprocessor Architecture
- 6. Friday, August 22, 2014 Basic of Microprocessor Architecture 6 Table 1: Evolution of Intel’s Microprocessors (From 8008 - 8088)
- 7. Fig 2 : Intel 8086 microprocessor Microprocessors contain core essentials Integrated circuit that contains the entire central processing unit of a computer on a single chip (Integrated Chip). 1. Memory unit 2. ALU 3. Control unit 4. Interrupt / Exception controller 5. Internal cache Microprocessor Friday, August 22, 2014 7Basic of Microprocessor Architecture
- 8. Basic Features of 8086 1. Intel 8086 was launched in 1978. 2. It was the first 16-bit microprocessor. 3. This microprocessor had major improvement over the execution speed of 8085. 4. It is available as 40-pin Dual-Inline-Package (DIP). 5. It is available in three versions: a. 8086 (5 MHz) b. 8086-2 (8 MHz) c. 8086-1 (10 MHz) 6. It consists of 29,000 transistors. 7 16-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit & data bus . Friday, August 22, 2014 8Basic of Microprocessor Architecture
- 9. Architectures Of 8086: • 8-bit designs • 16-bit designs • 32-bit designs • 64-bit designs in personal computers • Multicore designs • RISC • Special-purpose designs - Microcontrollers, Digital Signal Processors(DSP) & Graphics Processing Units(GPU) Friday, August 22, 2014 9Basic of Microprocessor Architecture
- 10. Friday, August 22, 2014 Basic of Microprocessor Architecture 10 Microprocessor Microcontroller CPU is stand alone, RAM,ROM, I/O & timer are separate. CPU, RAM,ROM, I/O & timer all are on single chip. Designer can decide amount of RAM,ROM, & I/O ports. Fixed amount of on-chip RAM,ROM, & I/O ports. High processing power Low processing power High power consumption Low power consumption Typically 32/64 bit 8/16 bit General purpose Single purpose(control oriented) Less reliable Highly reliable Eg.- 8086,8085 8051
- 11. Fig 3 : Block diagram of Intel 8086 Friday, August 22, 2014 11Basic of Microprocessor Architecture
- 12. 8086 Block Diagram Friday, August 22, 2014 12Basic of Microprocessor Architecture