Abu-alhassn haedar presented with swollen lymph nodes. Generalized lymphadenopathy affects multiple body regions while localized is limited to a single region. Enlarged lymph nodes can be caused by infections, inflammation, or hematological diseases like cancer. Distinguishing benign from more serious causes requires determining if the lymph nodes are painful, the rate of enlargement, associated symptoms, and evaluating potential local sources of infection or inflammation. Further questions are needed to identify any alarm symptoms.

1. LYMPHODENOPATHY
Abu-alhassn haedar

3. Questions
1. How would you classify his
lymphadenopathy?
2. What are the possible causes of enlarged
lymph nodes?
3. How do you distinguish benign causes of
lymphadenopathy from more serious ones
that require further evaluation?
4. What additional questions are required to
learn more about his swollen lymph glands in
identifying alarm symptoms?

5. Classification
1. Generalized lymphadenopathy : lymph node
enlargement affecting multiple body regions.
2. Localized lymphadenopathy : lymph node
enlargement limited to single body region
❖Lymph node > 1.0 cm in adults and >1.5 in
children and adolescents

7. Nodes that enlarge in response to local infection or
inflammation (‘reactive nodes’) usually expand rapidly
and are painful, whereas those due to hematological
disease are more frequently painless.
Localized lymphadenopathy should elicit a search for
a source of inflammation or primary malignancy in the
appropriate drainage area:
• the scalp, ear, mouth and throat, face, teeth or
thyroid for neck nodes
• the breast for axillary nodes
• the perineum or external genitalia for inguinal
nodes.

8. Generalized lymphadenopathy may be secondary
to infection, often viral, connective tissue disease
or extensive skin disease but is more likely to
signify underlying hematological malignancy.
Weight loss and drenching night sweats that may
require a change of nightclothes are associated