This document provides an overview of IBM's mainline functional verification of its POWER7 processor core. It first gives background on the history and roadmap of POWER processors. It then outlines the verification methodology, execution, advances, and concludes with a summary. The POWER7 is IBM's next generation processor that features a multi-core design, on-chip eDRAM, power optimization, and memory subsystem improvements. It follows over 20 years of POWER processors and continues IBM's leadership in this area.
This document provides an overview of the IBM System x server line and its energy efficiency features. It discusses the System x and BladeCenter models, their processor, memory, storage and I/O options. It also covers energy saving technologies like calibrated vectored cooling, power capping and IBM Systems Director Active Energy Manager for managing power usage.
The document summarizes the DiamondMax Plus 8 hard drive from Maxtor. It has the following key points:
- It is a 3.5-inch, 7200 RPM hard drive with a 40GB capacity, designed for mainstream desktop systems.
- It uses the Ultra ATA/133 interface for fast data transfer speeds of up to 133MB/sec.
- Features fluid dynamic bearing motors for quiet operation and shock protection systems to protect the drive from damage.
The document discusses IBM's Power Systems hardware announcements and future insights. It provides an overview of the POWER7 processor technology roadmap, 2009 hardware announcements including faster Power 520 and 550 systems in April and new I/O technologies in October. It also outlines the upgrade path from POWER6 to POWER7 systems while preserving the 12X I/O and details planning statements for migrating to POWER7.
Test drive a used 2007 GMC Canyon pickup truck at Jim Hudson Buick/GMC/Cadillac serving Columbia, South Carolina. View our in-stock selection of 2007 GMC Canyon trucks by visiting our website at http://www.jimhudsonsuperstore.com/.
IBM software is optimized to take full advantage of Power Systems hardware. Key IBM software products like DB2, WebSphere Application Server, Cognos Business Intelligence, and Rational Developer are tuned at every level from applications to middleware to operating systems to fully leverage Power Systems' massive parallelism, threading, memory, and reliability. This optimization allows IBM software on Power Systems to deliver industry-leading performance, scalability, efficiency and value for customers.
This document provides an overview of IBM's POWER7 portfolio, including blades, servers, and upgrades. It outlines the POWER7 processor offerings for various models, including the number of cores per socket and supported memory and storage. It also summarizes key technology advantages like performance leadership, scalability, and reliability features.
[url=http://www.seapowergent.com/]Volvo[/url] World-class performance
The common rail fuel injection system, con-
trolled by EVC, and the compressor, in com-
bination with a large swept volume, ensure
unique torque over the whole speed range.
The acceleration is very powerful, with virtu-
ally no sign of smoke. This matched with the
engine’s high load carrying capability creates
a sporty feeling and power, when needed.
Compact and robust
The engine is lightweight and extremely
compact for its large swept volume and high
output. With the rear-end transmission, driv-
ing the high-pressure injection pump and the
camshafts, a high degree of integrated sys-
tems, a high-efficiency aftercooler, a marin-
ization performed with very few hoses, and
a fully symmetric <a>engine</a>, the package simply
gets that compact.
The rigid cast-iron cylinder block and head,
ladder frame, and exactly controlled (up to
three steps) fuel injection gives excellent on-
board comfort with low noise and vibration
levels.
EVC/EC - Plug and go
EVC Electronic Vessel Control is the latest
development in engine control and instrumen-
tation for Volvo Penta marine engines. It offers
a higher level of integration in your boat: elec-
trical shift and throttle for smooth and safe
control, new power trim control, a complete
new range of easy to read, data link gauges,
a large LCD display (option) and much more,
everything in just one CAN cable.
EVC makes boating easier and safer, of-
fering twin engine and power trim synchro-
nization and adjustable power trim limits.
Kollomorgen- Direct Drive Embedded Motion For Robotic & Mechatronic Applicat...Electromate
This document discusses Kollmorgen direct drive motors for robotic and mechatronic applications. It describes the benefits of direct drive motors over gearbox motors, including cleaner assembly, improved performance, zero maintenance, and reduced downtime. It provides information on different direct drive product formats and options from Kollmorgen, application examples, mounting and installation guidelines, and additional resources.
This document provides an overview of the IBM System x server line and its energy efficiency features. It discusses the System x and BladeCenter models, their processor, memory, storage and I/O options. It also covers energy saving technologies like calibrated vectored cooling, power capping and IBM Systems Director Active Energy Manager for managing power usage.
The document summarizes the DiamondMax Plus 8 hard drive from Maxtor. It has the following key points:
- It is a 3.5-inch, 7200 RPM hard drive with a 40GB capacity, designed for mainstream desktop systems.
- It uses the Ultra ATA/133 interface for fast data transfer speeds of up to 133MB/sec.
- Features fluid dynamic bearing motors for quiet operation and shock protection systems to protect the drive from damage.
The document discusses IBM's Power Systems hardware announcements and future insights. It provides an overview of the POWER7 processor technology roadmap, 2009 hardware announcements including faster Power 520 and 550 systems in April and new I/O technologies in October. It also outlines the upgrade path from POWER6 to POWER7 systems while preserving the 12X I/O and details planning statements for migrating to POWER7.
Test drive a used 2007 GMC Canyon pickup truck at Jim Hudson Buick/GMC/Cadillac serving Columbia, South Carolina. View our in-stock selection of 2007 GMC Canyon trucks by visiting our website at http://www.jimhudsonsuperstore.com/.
IBM software is optimized to take full advantage of Power Systems hardware. Key IBM software products like DB2, WebSphere Application Server, Cognos Business Intelligence, and Rational Developer are tuned at every level from applications to middleware to operating systems to fully leverage Power Systems' massive parallelism, threading, memory, and reliability. This optimization allows IBM software on Power Systems to deliver industry-leading performance, scalability, efficiency and value for customers.
This document provides an overview of IBM's POWER7 portfolio, including blades, servers, and upgrades. It outlines the POWER7 processor offerings for various models, including the number of cores per socket and supported memory and storage. It also summarizes key technology advantages like performance leadership, scalability, and reliability features.
[url=http://www.seapowergent.com/]Volvo[/url] World-class performance
The common rail fuel injection system, con-
trolled by EVC, and the compressor, in com-
bination with a large swept volume, ensure
unique torque over the whole speed range.
The acceleration is very powerful, with virtu-
ally no sign of smoke. This matched with the
engine’s high load carrying capability creates
a sporty feeling and power, when needed.
Compact and robust
The engine is lightweight and extremely
compact for its large swept volume and high
output. With the rear-end transmission, driv-
ing the high-pressure injection pump and the
camshafts, a high degree of integrated sys-
tems, a high-efficiency aftercooler, a marin-
ization performed with very few hoses, and
a fully symmetric <a>engine</a>, the package simply
gets that compact.
The rigid cast-iron cylinder block and head,
ladder frame, and exactly controlled (up to
three steps) fuel injection gives excellent on-
board comfort with low noise and vibration
levels.
EVC/EC - Plug and go
EVC Electronic Vessel Control is the latest
development in engine control and instrumen-
tation for Volvo Penta marine engines. It offers
a higher level of integration in your boat: elec-
trical shift and throttle for smooth and safe
control, new power trim control, a complete
new range of easy to read, data link gauges,
a large LCD display (option) and much more,
everything in just one CAN cable.
EVC makes boating easier and safer, of-
fering twin engine and power trim synchro-
nization and adjustable power trim limits.
Kollomorgen- Direct Drive Embedded Motion For Robotic & Mechatronic Applicat...Electromate
This document discusses Kollmorgen direct drive motors for robotic and mechatronic applications. It describes the benefits of direct drive motors over gearbox motors, including cleaner assembly, improved performance, zero maintenance, and reduced downtime. It provides information on different direct drive product formats and options from Kollmorgen, application examples, mounting and installation guidelines, and additional resources.
This document provides an overview of Cisco router basics including the Cisco IOS, router components, boot sequence, configuration register, router interfaces, passwords, banners, hostname configuration, and commands for checking network connectivity such as ping and traceroute. It describes how to connect to routers via the console port or Telnet, use the command-line interface, and view configurations.
2010 Ford Sporttrac Towing Guide Specifications CapabilitiesAncira Auto Group
The 2010 Ford Sport Trac can tow trailers weighing up to 7,160 pounds. It has standard trailer sway control and optional towing packages that include a 7-wire harness, transmission cooler, and hitch receiver. The Sport Trac earned 5-star ratings for frontal and side-impact crash tests. It can tow various classes of trailers depending on engine and drivetrain options.
2010 Ford Expedition Towing Guide Specifications CapabilitiesAncira Auto Group
The document provides information on the 2010 Ford Expedition and its capabilities for towing trailers. The Expedition can tow up to 9,200 pounds when equipped with the optional heavy-duty trailer tow package. Safety features for trailer towing include trailer sway control, trailer brake controller, heavy-duty cooling system, and wiring harness. The document also provides guidelines for safe trailer towing such as proper load distribution, use of safety chains, adjusting tire pressure, and allowing extra distance for stopping.
- Next-generation Intel Xeon 5500 processors provide additional performance through features like QuickPath architecture, integrated memory controllers, Turbo Mode, and Hyper-Threading.
- DDR3 memory is available in both RDIMM and UDIMM formats, with RDIMMs offering greater capacity but higher cost.
- ProLiant G6 servers feature improvements over G5 like support for PCIe 2.0, SSDs, 10Gb Ethernet, and more powerful Smart Array controllers.
This document discusses Cisco technologies for improving data center efficiency including Application Networking Services, Nexus technologies, and achieving synergies through solutions like Unified Computing. Some key points discussed are consolidating infrastructure from branches into the data center using WAAS, using Cisco ACE load balancers for flexible and scalable application services, and leveraging Nexus technologies like Unified I/O, Fabric Extenders, and VM-aware networking to reduce costs through optimizations like fewer interfaces and switches per server. The presentation concludes with an overview of the Unified Computing System which tightly integrates computing, networking, storage and virtualization to deliver benefits such as reduced management points, universal interconnectivity, and optimized virtualization.
IBM announced new Power Systems models on February 5, 2013, including significant updates to the Power Systems product line. The announcements included new Power 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, and 760 systems with Power7+ processors offering increased performance, memory, storage, and partitioning capabilities. New Solution Editions of AIX for Cognos and SPSS and IBM i 7.1 technology refresh were also announced.
The NewGrid LTE Home eNodeB (HeNB) Gateway enables operators to seamlessly integrated their LTE small cell deployments with their LTE core network (EPC). As the number of LTE subscribers and amount of mobile data traffic continues to grow, operators are considering launching small cell networks to not only increase the amount of mobile bandwidth but plug gaps that exist in their mobile coverage. But their current networks are not designed to support tens of thousands of new basestations and provide security over the mostly public IP networks that these small cells connect through. The NewGrid HeNB Gateway is designed to securely connect to tens of thousands of small cells using IPsec tunnels, seamlessly providing security and connectivity.
The NewGrid HeNB Gateway is available on a number of carrier-grade ATCA platforms, offering service providers a scalable and reliable high-performance solution.
For more information, please visit us at http://www.ipsecuritygateway.com
The document describes various components of a router:
1) Bootstrap and ROM microcode bring the router up during initialization and load the IOS. POST stored in ROM performs hardware checks and identifies interfaces. The ROM Monitor is used for manufacturing, testing and troubleshooting.
2) RAM holds packet buffers, tables, software and data to allow the router to function. The running configuration and decompressed IOS are stored here. ROM starts up and maintains the router. Flash memory holds the IOS and is not erased on reload.
3) NVRAM holds the startup configuration and is not erased on reload. The config-register controls the boot process and can be modified to change the boot
IBM Power Systems provides powerful servers for businesses. The document highlights IBM's Power7 and Power6 servers, which offer high performance, energy efficiency, and consolidation capabilities. IBM has seen success migrating customers from other vendors' systems to Power servers. Analysts note IBM's leadership in the UNIX server market and the strong performance of Power7 compared to competitors' offerings.
Future of Power: PureFlex and IBM i - Erik RexIBM Danmark
This document provides an overview of IBM Power Systems and IBM i. It discusses the integration and benefits of IBM i such as built-in functionality, testing, ease of management and stability. It also discusses the IBM PureFlex system and its ability to optimize infrastructure through resource sensing and anticipation. Specific Power Systems servers like the p260 and p460 are highlighted and the document concludes by emphasizing IBM i and PureFlex as a higher standard for integrated and trusted business computing.
The document discusses Cisco's UCS blade server architecture and its advantages over traditional blade architectures. It summarizes that the UCS uses a unified fabric to connect all servers in a single logical chassis for improved efficiency. It also discusses how the UCS uses service profiles to automate server provisioning and management.
The document discusses the new PVMA32xx-series-RAID product line from ttec. Key points include:
- The 3000 Series is the next generation of controllers offering up to 2x performance over previous 2000 Series through new Intel processors and PCIe architecture.
- Benefits include increased performance, capacity, efficiency and data protection capabilities.
- The series supports a range of form factors and interfaces including 8Gb Fibre Channel, 1Gb iSCSI, SAS and SATA drives.
- New data management software allows up to 1,000 snapshots and remote replication for disaster recovery.
- The systems are targeted at applications requiring high IOPS such as databases, server virtualization and video
The document provides information on the 2011 Cadillac STS and DTS models, including their features, performance specifications, interior and exterior design details. Key highlights include:
- The STS offers a 302hp 3.6L V6 engine and available performance packages with 18" chrome wheels and Brembo brakes. Its interior features leather seats, wood trim and available navigation.
- The DTS is powered by an available 4.6L V8 producing 292hp. It has an available Magnetic Ride Control suspension and interior amenities like heated/cooled seats.
- Both vehicles offer luxury and technology features like adaptive cruise control, blind spot monitoring, and Bose surround sound. Their exter
IBM Power Systems is designed for business. Major releases in the Power Systems era include IBM i 6.1, which introduced foundations for the future like solid state drive support, a Java virtual machine, and Systems Director Navigator. IBM i 6.1 also improved Java and WebSphere performance by up to 78% compared to prior releases. Customers saw benefits from migrating to newer Power Systems servers running IBM i, like reduced costs, improved reliability, and being positioned for growth.
The document summarizes testing done on the Gröna Tåget train project in Sweden. Key points include:
- Gröna Tåget aims to develop an environmentally-friendly, high-speed passenger train capable of 250-300 km/h.
- Tests of the Regina 250/300 train incorporated new technologies like energy-efficient bogies, motors, and climate systems.
- During testing, the train achieved a new Swedish speed record of 303 km/h and demonstrated improvements to energy use, comfort, and performance in various weather conditions.
- The Gröna Tåget project received an innovation award in 2008 for developing technologies that significantly reduce energy consumption while allowing high
The document discusses the history and evolution of 3D graphics technologies including OpenGL and DirectX, provides an overview of GPU programming models and architectures, and explores how GPUs are increasingly being used for general purpose computing beyond just graphics through technologies like CUDA and OpenCL. It also highlights how GPUs can provide significant performance gains for parallel applications compared to CPUs.
The document discusses three major problems in verification: specifying properties to check, specifying the environment, and computational complexity. It then presents several approaches to addressing these problems, including using coverage metrics tailored to detection ability, sequential equivalence checking to avoid testbenches, and "perspective-based verification" using minimal abstract models focused on specific property classes. This allows verification earlier in design when changes are more tractable and catches bugs before implementation.
The document discusses STMicroelectronics' deployment of functional qualification methodologies using Certitude mutation analysis. It outlines ST's initial engagement with Certess in 2004 and how they have expanded usage of the technology to now cover 80% of ST's IPs. The document also provides details on ST's functional qualification methodology, sharing of best practices, detection strategies used, and two case studies on measuring quality of third-party IPs and detecting issues in a video codec design.
This document summarizes the verification methodology landscape. It discusses languages, methodologies, tools and standards used for hardware verification including OVM, VMM, and eRM. It also covers topics like interoperability between methodologies and convergence of approaches.
The document discusses various metrics used to measure CPU verification progress including architectural verification, uArchitecture verification, formal verification, and system level verification. It outlines metrics such as functional coverage conditions, bug rates, RTL lines of change, and a health of the model score. Secondary metrics include cycles run, licenses used, and bugs caught at different levels.
1) The document discusses the importance of attitude in validation work, noting that attitude is more important than tools or techniques.
2) It emphasizes that nothing is perfect and all designs have bugs or shortcomings due to compromises, schedules, and unknowns. Accidents are inevitable in engineering work which pushes designs to their limits.
3) The document provides several examples of past engineering failures to illustrate issues like normalization of deviance, unexpected interactions in complex systems, and overreliance on untested assumptions. It stresses the importance of questioning everything, fighting urges to relax requirements, and trusting nothing without proper testing.
This document describes a case study of a staged migration from e to SystemVerilog at a company designing SERDES chips. It discusses advantages like reduced risk and training staff in small groups. Technical challenges addressed include coordinating simulation timelines and communicating between testbench parts in different languages. Solutions involved making SVTB the master, writing testcases as if fully converted, and using Verilog to pass info between languages. A proof of concept showed the converted approach. Supporting multiple simulators involved using a tool that connects a Pioneer-based SVTB to DUTs in other simulators to avoid lowest common denominator issues.
This document provides an overview of Cisco router basics including the Cisco IOS, router components, boot sequence, configuration register, router interfaces, passwords, banners, hostname configuration, and commands for checking network connectivity such as ping and traceroute. It describes how to connect to routers via the console port or Telnet, use the command-line interface, and view configurations.
2010 Ford Sporttrac Towing Guide Specifications CapabilitiesAncira Auto Group
The 2010 Ford Sport Trac can tow trailers weighing up to 7,160 pounds. It has standard trailer sway control and optional towing packages that include a 7-wire harness, transmission cooler, and hitch receiver. The Sport Trac earned 5-star ratings for frontal and side-impact crash tests. It can tow various classes of trailers depending on engine and drivetrain options.
2010 Ford Expedition Towing Guide Specifications CapabilitiesAncira Auto Group
The document provides information on the 2010 Ford Expedition and its capabilities for towing trailers. The Expedition can tow up to 9,200 pounds when equipped with the optional heavy-duty trailer tow package. Safety features for trailer towing include trailer sway control, trailer brake controller, heavy-duty cooling system, and wiring harness. The document also provides guidelines for safe trailer towing such as proper load distribution, use of safety chains, adjusting tire pressure, and allowing extra distance for stopping.
- Next-generation Intel Xeon 5500 processors provide additional performance through features like QuickPath architecture, integrated memory controllers, Turbo Mode, and Hyper-Threading.
- DDR3 memory is available in both RDIMM and UDIMM formats, with RDIMMs offering greater capacity but higher cost.
- ProLiant G6 servers feature improvements over G5 like support for PCIe 2.0, SSDs, 10Gb Ethernet, and more powerful Smart Array controllers.
This document discusses Cisco technologies for improving data center efficiency including Application Networking Services, Nexus technologies, and achieving synergies through solutions like Unified Computing. Some key points discussed are consolidating infrastructure from branches into the data center using WAAS, using Cisco ACE load balancers for flexible and scalable application services, and leveraging Nexus technologies like Unified I/O, Fabric Extenders, and VM-aware networking to reduce costs through optimizations like fewer interfaces and switches per server. The presentation concludes with an overview of the Unified Computing System which tightly integrates computing, networking, storage and virtualization to deliver benefits such as reduced management points, universal interconnectivity, and optimized virtualization.
IBM announced new Power Systems models on February 5, 2013, including significant updates to the Power Systems product line. The announcements included new Power 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, and 760 systems with Power7+ processors offering increased performance, memory, storage, and partitioning capabilities. New Solution Editions of AIX for Cognos and SPSS and IBM i 7.1 technology refresh were also announced.
The NewGrid LTE Home eNodeB (HeNB) Gateway enables operators to seamlessly integrated their LTE small cell deployments with their LTE core network (EPC). As the number of LTE subscribers and amount of mobile data traffic continues to grow, operators are considering launching small cell networks to not only increase the amount of mobile bandwidth but plug gaps that exist in their mobile coverage. But their current networks are not designed to support tens of thousands of new basestations and provide security over the mostly public IP networks that these small cells connect through. The NewGrid HeNB Gateway is designed to securely connect to tens of thousands of small cells using IPsec tunnels, seamlessly providing security and connectivity.
The NewGrid HeNB Gateway is available on a number of carrier-grade ATCA platforms, offering service providers a scalable and reliable high-performance solution.
For more information, please visit us at http://www.ipsecuritygateway.com
The document describes various components of a router:
1) Bootstrap and ROM microcode bring the router up during initialization and load the IOS. POST stored in ROM performs hardware checks and identifies interfaces. The ROM Monitor is used for manufacturing, testing and troubleshooting.
2) RAM holds packet buffers, tables, software and data to allow the router to function. The running configuration and decompressed IOS are stored here. ROM starts up and maintains the router. Flash memory holds the IOS and is not erased on reload.
3) NVRAM holds the startup configuration and is not erased on reload. The config-register controls the boot process and can be modified to change the boot
IBM Power Systems provides powerful servers for businesses. The document highlights IBM's Power7 and Power6 servers, which offer high performance, energy efficiency, and consolidation capabilities. IBM has seen success migrating customers from other vendors' systems to Power servers. Analysts note IBM's leadership in the UNIX server market and the strong performance of Power7 compared to competitors' offerings.
Future of Power: PureFlex and IBM i - Erik RexIBM Danmark
This document provides an overview of IBM Power Systems and IBM i. It discusses the integration and benefits of IBM i such as built-in functionality, testing, ease of management and stability. It also discusses the IBM PureFlex system and its ability to optimize infrastructure through resource sensing and anticipation. Specific Power Systems servers like the p260 and p460 are highlighted and the document concludes by emphasizing IBM i and PureFlex as a higher standard for integrated and trusted business computing.
The document discusses Cisco's UCS blade server architecture and its advantages over traditional blade architectures. It summarizes that the UCS uses a unified fabric to connect all servers in a single logical chassis for improved efficiency. It also discusses how the UCS uses service profiles to automate server provisioning and management.
The document discusses the new PVMA32xx-series-RAID product line from ttec. Key points include:
- The 3000 Series is the next generation of controllers offering up to 2x performance over previous 2000 Series through new Intel processors and PCIe architecture.
- Benefits include increased performance, capacity, efficiency and data protection capabilities.
- The series supports a range of form factors and interfaces including 8Gb Fibre Channel, 1Gb iSCSI, SAS and SATA drives.
- New data management software allows up to 1,000 snapshots and remote replication for disaster recovery.
- The systems are targeted at applications requiring high IOPS such as databases, server virtualization and video
The document provides information on the 2011 Cadillac STS and DTS models, including their features, performance specifications, interior and exterior design details. Key highlights include:
- The STS offers a 302hp 3.6L V6 engine and available performance packages with 18" chrome wheels and Brembo brakes. Its interior features leather seats, wood trim and available navigation.
- The DTS is powered by an available 4.6L V8 producing 292hp. It has an available Magnetic Ride Control suspension and interior amenities like heated/cooled seats.
- Both vehicles offer luxury and technology features like adaptive cruise control, blind spot monitoring, and Bose surround sound. Their exter
IBM Power Systems is designed for business. Major releases in the Power Systems era include IBM i 6.1, which introduced foundations for the future like solid state drive support, a Java virtual machine, and Systems Director Navigator. IBM i 6.1 also improved Java and WebSphere performance by up to 78% compared to prior releases. Customers saw benefits from migrating to newer Power Systems servers running IBM i, like reduced costs, improved reliability, and being positioned for growth.
The document summarizes testing done on the Gröna Tåget train project in Sweden. Key points include:
- Gröna Tåget aims to develop an environmentally-friendly, high-speed passenger train capable of 250-300 km/h.
- Tests of the Regina 250/300 train incorporated new technologies like energy-efficient bogies, motors, and climate systems.
- During testing, the train achieved a new Swedish speed record of 303 km/h and demonstrated improvements to energy use, comfort, and performance in various weather conditions.
- The Gröna Tåget project received an innovation award in 2008 for developing technologies that significantly reduce energy consumption while allowing high
The document discusses the history and evolution of 3D graphics technologies including OpenGL and DirectX, provides an overview of GPU programming models and architectures, and explores how GPUs are increasingly being used for general purpose computing beyond just graphics through technologies like CUDA and OpenCL. It also highlights how GPUs can provide significant performance gains for parallel applications compared to CPUs.
The document discusses three major problems in verification: specifying properties to check, specifying the environment, and computational complexity. It then presents several approaches to addressing these problems, including using coverage metrics tailored to detection ability, sequential equivalence checking to avoid testbenches, and "perspective-based verification" using minimal abstract models focused on specific property classes. This allows verification earlier in design when changes are more tractable and catches bugs before implementation.
The document discusses STMicroelectronics' deployment of functional qualification methodologies using Certitude mutation analysis. It outlines ST's initial engagement with Certess in 2004 and how they have expanded usage of the technology to now cover 80% of ST's IPs. The document also provides details on ST's functional qualification methodology, sharing of best practices, detection strategies used, and two case studies on measuring quality of third-party IPs and detecting issues in a video codec design.
This document summarizes the verification methodology landscape. It discusses languages, methodologies, tools and standards used for hardware verification including OVM, VMM, and eRM. It also covers topics like interoperability between methodologies and convergence of approaches.
The document discusses various metrics used to measure CPU verification progress including architectural verification, uArchitecture verification, formal verification, and system level verification. It outlines metrics such as functional coverage conditions, bug rates, RTL lines of change, and a health of the model score. Secondary metrics include cycles run, licenses used, and bugs caught at different levels.
1) The document discusses the importance of attitude in validation work, noting that attitude is more important than tools or techniques.
2) It emphasizes that nothing is perfect and all designs have bugs or shortcomings due to compromises, schedules, and unknowns. Accidents are inevitable in engineering work which pushes designs to their limits.
3) The document provides several examples of past engineering failures to illustrate issues like normalization of deviance, unexpected interactions in complex systems, and overreliance on untested assumptions. It stresses the importance of questioning everything, fighting urges to relax requirements, and trusting nothing without proper testing.
This document describes a case study of a staged migration from e to SystemVerilog at a company designing SERDES chips. It discusses advantages like reduced risk and training staff in small groups. Technical challenges addressed include coordinating simulation timelines and communicating between testbench parts in different languages. Solutions involved making SVTB the master, writing testcases as if fully converted, and using Verilog to pass info between languages. A proof of concept showed the converted approach. Supporting multiple simulators involved using a tool that connects a Pioneer-based SVTB to DUTs in other simulators to avoid lowest common denominator issues.
This document discusses the challenges of pre-silicon validation for Intel Xeon processors. It notes that Xeon validation teams have relatively small sizes compared to the scope of validation required. Key challenges include reusing design components from previous projects, managing cross-site teams, and dealing with ever-growing design complexity that strains simulation and formal verification methods. Specific issues involve integrating disparate design tools and environments, understanding the original intent when reusing unfinished code, minimizing duplicated stimulus code, managing the overhead of coverage instrumentation, and ensuring tests are portable between pre-silicon and post-silicon validation.
The document describes Cisco's Base Environment methodology for digital verification. It aims to standardize the verification process, promote reuse, and improve predictability. The methodology defines a common testbench topology and infrastructure that is vertically scalable from unit to system level and horizontally scalable across projects. It provides templates, scripts, verification IP and documentation to help teams set up verification environments quickly and leverage existing best practices. The standardized approach facilitates extensive code and test reuse and delivers benefits such as faster ramp-up times, improved planning, and higher return on verification IP development.
Fordele ved POWER7 og AIX, IBM Power EventIBM Danmark
Du får masser af fordele ved at opdatere til POWER7 og AIX. Oplev mulighederne for at udnytte konsolidering og de nye funktioner i POWER7 og AIX.
Jan Kristian Nielsen, Client Architect, IBM
The document discusses verification of simultaneous multi-threading (SMT) in IBM POWER5 and POWER6 high-performance processors. SMT allows a processor core to execute multiple instruction streams simultaneously, appearing as virtual processor cores to software. Verifying SMT presented significant challenges due to the greatly increased state space from multiple threads. Methodologies evolved from single-thread to leverage traditional symmetric multi-processing approaches applied to single cores. Shared resource conflicts and dynamic thread switching between SMT and single-thread modes required specialized testing.
- The document describes AMD's next-generation 7nm Ryzen 4000 "Renoir" APU. Key highlights include improved single and multi-threaded CPU performance of up to 25% and 200% respectively over previous generations, along with up to 27% higher integrated GPU performance within a similar 15W power envelope. The APU achieves this through an enhanced "Zen 2" CPU architecture, improved 7nm Vega graphics, and optimization of the Infinity Fabric interconnect.
SMT Verification of the POWER5 and POWER6 High-Performance ProcessorsDVClub
The document discusses the verification of simultaneous multi-threading (SMT) in IBM's POWER5 and POWER6 high-performance processors. It describes the methodology used to verify SMT, including testing shared resource conflicts between threads and dynamic switching between SMT and single-threaded modes. It also compares the microarchitectures of POWER5, which had a centralized out-of-order design, and POWER6, which used a simpler in-order core design.
The one-day training covers technical aspects of NXP's LPC2000 family of ARM7 microcontrollers, including introductions to the ARM7 architecture, LPC2000 devices and development tools. The agenda includes presentations on the ARM7 memory map, peripherals and initialization, as well as examples using evaluation boards and Keil development tools. Supporting slides provide overviews of NXP's ARM-based microcontroller strategy and roadmaps.
The Cyclone III FPGA family provides an unprecedented combination of low power, high functionality, and low cost. It enables designs with up to 120K logic elements, 4Mbit embedded memory, and 288 embedded multipliers. The family includes devices ranging from 5K to 120K logic elements that meet the needs of emerging high-volume applications with 50% lower power than previous families.
ARM was founded in 1990 and developed the first ARM processor in 1985. Key developments include the ARM2 commercial processor in the 1980s, the ARM7 used in early Nokia phones in the 1990s, and the modern Cortex-A9 which provides improved performance and power efficiency through features like out-of-order execution and cache hierarchies. NEON is ARM's SIMD architecture extension for improved media and signal processing, and it is now widely used in mobile software from Android to ffmpeg to accelerate tasks like video encoding and FFTs.
This document summarizes AMD's Financial Analyst Day presentation from November 11, 2009. It discusses AMD's transition from CPUs to GPUs over time, increasing transistor counts and capabilities. It highlights AMD's current and future product strategies, including their Fusion era of computing that combines CPU and GPU capabilities on a single chip. It outlines AMD's priorities and roadmaps for server, client, and graphics platforms through 2010 and 2011, emphasizing improved performance, power efficiency, and competitive advantages through GPU technology.
The document summarizes AMD's strategy and upcoming products for servers. It discusses AMD moving to 45nm and 32nm processors with more cores and transistors to improve performance and efficiency. Key upcoming server platforms include "Maranello" with 8-12 core Magny-Cours processors for high-end servers, and lower power "San Marino" and "Adelaide" platforms using 4-6 core Lisbon processors to target the volume server market with improved performance-per-watt. AMD aims to deliver consistent platforms and APIs across their server product lines to benefit OEMs and customers.
OSI Electronics Manufacturing Services CapabilitiesPAWeyn
OSI Electronics has over 35 years of experience in electronics manufacturing. They have capabilities for package-on-package assembly and rework using advanced SMT equipment. Their facilities include reflow ovens, wave soldering, flying probe and X-ray machines. They also have a dedicated new product introduction center for supporting customers through the product development process.
Overview of the BF609 dual-core Blackfin processor series covering main features including the Pipelined Vision Processor including the hardware and software development tools. By Analog Devices
Enterprise power systems transition to power7 technologysolarisyougood
This document summarizes an IBM presentation about Power7 technology. It introduces Power7 processors and systems, compares them to competitors' offerings, and highlights Power7's performance, reliability, availability, security and virtualization capabilities. Key points include Power7 having 8 cores with 32MB eDRAM L3 cache, outperforming Intel's best processors on major workloads, and delivering "mainframe-class" reliability with 99.997% availability.
This document summarizes AMD's 2014 low-power and mainstream mobile APUs. It introduces the "Mullins" and "Beema" APUs, which provide improved performance over previous generations while using less power. Test results show the new APUs outperform competitors from Intel in benchmarks measuring graphics, compute, and overall system performance. The APUs also integrate an ARM core for enhanced platform security.
This document provides an overview of the EDK training at the University of Toronto. It introduces the PowerPC and MicroBlaze processors that can be implemented on Xilinx FPGAs using the EDK. It describes the evolution of programmable logic devices from Xilinx and highlights features of the Virtex-II Pro FPGA such as embedded PowerPC processors, block RAM, RocketIO transceivers, and DCM digital clock management. The document outlines the EDK system design flow and toolchain for developing processor systems on Xilinx FPGAs.
The document discusses the functional verification of the Jaguar x86 low-power core. It describes Jaguar's microarchitecture, which includes improvements over the previous Bobcat core such as a new shared L2 cache and updated ISA support. The verification strategy involves testing at the unit, cluster, and system levels using techniques like random stimulus generation, coverage analysis, and formal verification. Challenges included verifying the complex new power management features and shared L2 cache across multiple independent cores.
The document describes an energy management system called i3 EnMS that can be installed in 3 steps. Step 1 involves installing power analyzers and interface modules to measure locations. Step 2 connects the interface modules to a computer running PowerStudio software. Step 3 installs an interface to select reports and display screens. The system provides real-time and historical energy data at a low cost using pre-configured hardware that transfers data wirelessly through the building's power lines. It generates customized reports and displays to help users monitor and analyze energy usage.
The document provides an overview of the MSP430 microcontroller architecture and programming. It discusses the key features of MSP430 including its low power, low cost, and flexible design. The document describes the MSP430 hardware components such as memory, central processing unit, registers, arithmetic logic unit, input/output ports, and peripherals. It also provides details about the MSP430FR2355 microcontroller and associated LaunchPad documentation.
System-on-Chip Design, Embedded System Design Challengespboulet
The document discusses challenges in system-on-chip design. The main challenges are:
1. Increasing design productivity by over 100% per technology node to keep up with Moore's Law scaling.
2. Managing power, especially for low-power, wireless, and multimedia applications.
3. Integrating heterogeneous technologies like MEMS and optoelectronics at the system level.
4. Developing test methodologies for system-on-chips, including reusable tests and built-in self-test for analog and digital components.
This document discusses high performance computing systems. It begins by asking basic questions about what constitutes high performance, who needs high performance systems, and how high performance can be achieved. It then discusses techniques for analyzing performance like simulation and experimentation. The document goes on to cover topics like execution time, factors that influence clock period, techniques for instruction level parallelism like pipelining, VLIW processors, and superscalar processors. It also discusses process level parallel architectures like shared memory multiprocessors and issues they present like cache coherence. Finally, it briefly outlines the history and quest for increasing supercomputer performance.
IBM has a long history of virtualization leadership dating back to the 1960s. PowerVM is IBM's hypervisor for Power Systems servers that provides logical partitioning (LPARs), dynamic LPAR (DLPAR), CPU and memory sharing, and I/O virtualization through Virtual I/O Servers (VIOS). PowerVM allows clients to consolidate workloads and optimize hardware resource utilization.
The document discusses how shaders are created and validated for graphics processing units (GPUs). Shaders are created by applications and sent to the GPU through graphics APIs and drivers. They are then executed by the GPU's shader processors. The validation process uses layered testbenches at the sub-block, block, and system levels for maximum controllability and observability. It also employs a reference model methodology using C++ models and hardware emulation to debug designs faster than simulation alone. This methodology helps improve the schedule and find bugs earlier in the development cycle.
The document is a presentation on verification of graphics ASICs given by Shaw Yang and Gary Greenstein of AMD. The presentation covers an overview of AMD, GPU systems, 3D graphics basics including vertices, polygons, pixels and textures, verification challenges related to size and complexity, and approaches used including layered code and testbenches, hardware emulation, and functional coverage.
The document discusses the importance of using verification metrics to predict the functional closure of a CPU design project and discusses challenges in relying solely on metrics. It outlines two key types of metrics - verification test plan based metrics that track testing progress and health of the design metrics that assess bug rates and stability. Examples are provided on using bug rate data and breaking bugs down by design unit to help evaluate the progress and health of a verification effort.
The document discusses efficient verification methodology. It recommends defining a conceptual framework or methodology to standardize some aspects while allowing diversity. The methodology should define interfaces and transactions upfront using an interface definition language to generate verification components and reusable assertions. It also recommends modeling systems at the transaction level using executable specifications to frontload the verification schedule.
The document discusses the challenges of validating next generation CPUs. It notes that validation is increasingly critical for product success but requires constant innovation. Design complexity is growing exponentially, requiring up to 70% of resources for functional validation. The number of pre-silicon logic bugs found per generation has also increased significantly. Shorter timelines and cross-site development further complicate the validation process.
The document discusses validation and design in small teams with limited resources. It proposes constraining designs to a single clock rate, using FIFO interfaces between blocks, and separating algorithm from IO verification to simplify validation. This approach allows designs to be completed more quickly with fewer verification engineers through standardized, repeatable validation methods at the cost of optimal performance.
Verification challenges have increased with the globalization of chip design. Time zone differences and documentation issues can reduce efficiency, but greater collaboration across sites can also lead to new ideas. AMD addresses these challenges through a Verification Center of Expertise (COE) that coordinates methodologies across multiple sites. The COE develops tools and techniques while partnering with project teams to jointly improve processes over time through continuous review and rotation of engineers between the COE and projects.
Greg Tierney of Avid presented on their experiences using SystemC for design verification. SystemC provides hardware constructs and simulation capabilities in C++. Avid chose SystemC to enhance their existing C++ verification code and take advantage of its industry acceptance and built-in verification features. SystemC helped Avid solve issues like crossing language boundaries between HDL modules and testbenches, connecting ports and channels, implementing randomization, using multi-threaded processes, and defining module hierarchies. However, Avid also encountered issues with SystemC like slow compile/link times and limitations in its foreign language interface.
Bob Colwell documented notes from a meeting discussing the need for better software visualization tools to help localize bugs, diagnose problems, and monitor software behavior. The notes also reflect on important words in science according to Isaac Newton and reference a book about creative analogies. Finally, they caution against agreeing to sign a document just because a product is shipping.
The document outlines the verification strategy for a PCI-Express presenter device. It discusses the PCI-Express protocol overview including terminology, hierarchy and functions at various layers. It emphasizes the importance of design-for-verification using techniques like modular architectures, standardized interfaces and reference models to aid in functional verification closure and compliance testing. Performance verification is also highlighted as critical given the real-time requirements of the standard.
The document discusses verification strategies for PCI-Express. It outlines the PCI-Express protocol and highlights challenges in verifying chips that implement open standards. The verification paradigm focuses on functionality, performance, interoperability, reusability, scalability, and comprehensiveness using techniques like constrained-random testing, assertions, reference models, emulation, and compliance checkers. The goal is to deliver compliant and high-performing chips with zero bugs through an effective verification methodology.
The document discusses methodologies for improving verification efficiency at Cisco. It advocates separating testbench creation into three stages: component design, testbench integration, and testcase creation. It also recommends using standardized methodologies like testflow to synchronize component behavior, reusing unit-level component models and checkers, linking transactions between checkers, and generating common testbench infrastructure from templates to reduce duplication of effort. The key is pushing reusable behavior into components and standardizing common elements to maximize efficiency.
This document discusses the importance of pre-silicon verification for post-silicon validation. It notes that post-silicon validation schedules are growing due to increasing design complexity, while pre-silicon verification investment and methodologies have not kept pace. The document highlights mixed-signal verification, power-on/reset verification, and design-for-testability verification as key focus areas needed to improve pre-silicon verification and enable faster post-silicon validation. It provides examples of mixed-signal and power-on bugs that were found post-silicon due to insufficient pre-silicon verification of these areas. The document argues that pre-silicon verification must move beyond just functional verification and own mixed-signal effects
This document discusses challenges in low-power design and verification. It addresses why low-power is now a priority given trends in mobile applications. Key challenges include increased leakage due to process scaling, accounting for active leakage, and handling process variations. The document also discusses low-power design methodologies, including multiple power domains, voltage scaling, and clock gating. Verification challenges are presented, such as needing good test patterns and coordination across design domains. Overall power analysis is more complex than timing analysis due to its pattern dependence and need to optimize for performance per watt.
Verilog-AMS allows for mixed-signal modeling and simulation in a single language. It provides benefits like simplified mixed-signal modeling, decreased simulation time, and improved mixed-signal verification. Previous solutions involved using two simulators or approximating analog circuits, which caused issues like slow simulation and lack of analog results. Verilog-AMS uses constructs from Verilog and Verilog-A to model both analog and digital content together. This avoids issues with interface elements between domains.
This document discusses the verification of Intel's Atom processor. It describes the key verification challenges, methodology used, and results. The main challenges were verifying a new microarchitecture with aggressive schedules and limited resources. The methodology involved cluster-level validation, functional coverage, architectural validation, and formal verification. Metrics like coverage, bug rates, and a "health of model" indicator were used. The results showed a successful pre-silicon verification with few escapes and debug/survivability features working as intended. Key learnings included the importance of keeping the full-chip design healthy early and putting equal focus on testability features.
The document discusses verification strategies based on Sun Tzu's classic book "The Art of War". Some key points:
1. Sun Tzu emphasized understanding the objective conditions and subjective opinions of competitors to determine strategic positioning. This relates to verification where it is important to understand the design and "Murphy the Designer".
2. Sun Tzu's 13 chapters provide guidance on tactics like laying plans, attacking weaknesses, maneuvering, and using intelligence sources. These lessons can help verification engineers successfully navigate different stages of a competitive campaign against bugs and errors.
3. Effective verification requires knowing the design, understanding one's own verification process, preparing appropriate tools, and using feedback to improve. Coverage metrics alone do
Here are the key challenges faced in low power design without a common power format:
1. Domain definitions, level shifters, isolation cells, and other low power techniques are specified differently in each tool using tool-specific commands files and languages. This makes cross-tool consistency and validation difficult.
2. Power functionality cannot be easily verified at the RTL level without changing the RTL code, since power domains and low power techniques are not represented. This limits verification coverage.
3. Iteration between design creation and verification is difficult, since changes to the low power implementation require updates to multiple tool-specific specification files rather than a single cross-tool definition. This impacts design schedule and risks inconsistencies.
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This document discusses various metrics used to measure the progress and health of CPU verification. It describes architectural verification to ensure implementation meets specifications, as well as unit architecture and system level verification. Key metrics include pass rates for legacy tests, functional coverage, bug rates, lines of code changes, and a health of the model score to measure convergence. Secondary metrics like cycles run, bugs found at different levels, and test bench quality are also outlined.
This document discusses Freescale's verification of the QorIQ communication platform containing the CoreNet fabric using SystemVerilog. It describes the verification challenges, methodology used, and verification IP developed. Key aspects included developing a SystemVerilog testbench, CoreNet VIP, and hierarchical verification. This approach successfully verified the CoreNet platform and resulted in first silicon sampling to customers within 3 weeks with no major functional bugs found.