รายงาน เรื่อง ประเพณีลอยกระทง (ฉบับภาษาอังกฤษ)

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Project Report
on
Loy Krathong festivals
Submitted by
Miss Pattariya Pangta Student ID 57003126011
Mr. Channarong WattanaChai Student ID 57003126015
Miss Thippanat Manjit Student ID 57003126019
Miss Chalanda Klaikhamdee Student ID 57003126043
Mr. Chainarong Maharak Student ID 57003126051
Group Computer Education ID 5700312601
This report is part of English for Study Skills (AGE113) subject.
Term 2 year of education 2014
Rajabhat Rajanagarindra University

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Preface
This report is a tribute to one of the English for Study Skills
code AGE113 , with the aim to learn from the Loy Krathong festivals
in which this report was based on a knowledge of the Internet and the
Loy Krathong festivals.
User can select this in reporting Loy Krathong festivals because
it is interesting. It is used to prepare a discussion. The production
hopes the report is useful for leaning.
production teams

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Contents
Page
Loy Krathong History 1
Loy Krathong Festivals 7
Methods to make Kra Thong from banana leaves 10
Loy Krathong Song 13
Bibliography 14

4. 1
Loy Krathong History
The ceremony is believed to have originated in the time of King
Ramkhamhaeng of Sukhothai, the first capital of Thailand, and to have
been started by Nang Nophamas or Tao Sri Chulalak, the Brahman
consort of the King. She was the first person who introduced
“Krathongcherm”, the banana leaf krathong in the form of lotus
blossom on the festival night. The festival starts in the evening when
there is a full moon in the sky. People carry their krathongs to the
river and canals. After lighting candles and joss sticks and making a
wish, they gently place the krathongs on the water and let them drift
away till they go out of sight. It is believed that krathongs carry away
their sins and bad luck, and happiness will come to them. Indeed, it is
the time to be joyful and happy as the sufferings are floated away.

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The festival includes a contest of Krathong-making, the Nophamas
Queen Contest, local games and performances, entertainment programs
and firework displays. The Loy Krathong song contributes to the
romantic atmosphere of this occasion.
Fireworks and large rafts on the Chao Phraya River, Loi
Krathong Festival of Light, Bangkok, November 2004 Loi Krathong
takes place on the evening of the full moon of the 12th month in the
traditional Thai lunar calendar. In the western calendar this usually
falls in November.
Loi literally means 'to float,' while krathong refers to the lotus-
shaped receptacle which can float on the water. Originally, the
krathong was made of banana leaves or the layers of the trunk of a
banana tree or a spider lily plant. A krathong contains food, betel nuts,
flowers, joss sticks, candle and coins.
Modern krathongs are more often made of bread or styrofoam.
A bread krathong will disintegrate in a few a days and be eaten
by fish and other animals. The traditional banana stalk krathongs are

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also biodegradable, but styrofoam krathongs are frowned on, since
they are polluting and may take years to disappear. Regardless of the
composition, a krathong will be decorated with elaborately-folded
banana leaves, flowers, candles and incense sticks.
A low value coin is sometimes included as an offering to the
river spirits.
During the night of the full moon, Thais will float their
krathong on a river, canal or a pond lake. The festival is believed to
originate in an ancient practice of paying respect to the spirit of the
waters. Today it is simply a time to have fun.
Governmental offices, corporations and other organizations
usually create big decorated rafts.
There are also local and officially organised raft
competitions, regarding its beauty and craftsmanship.
In addition, there are also fireworks and beauty contests
during the celebration of the festival.
The origins of Loi Krathong are stated to be in Sukhothai, but
recently scholars have argued that it is in fact an invention from the
Bangkok period.According to the writings of H.M. King Rama IV in
1863, the originally Brahmanical festival was adapted by Buddhists in
Thailand as a ceremony to honour the original Buddha, Siddhartha
Guatama.

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Apart from venerating the Buddha with light (the candle on
the raft), the act of floating away the candle raft is symbolic of letting
go of all one's grudges, anger and defilements, so that one can start life
afresh on a better foot.
People will also cut their fingernails and hair and add them to
the raft as a symbol of letting go of the bad parts of oneself. Many Thai
believe that floating a raft will bring good luck, and they do it to honor
and thank the Goddess of Water, Phra Mae Khongkha.
The beauty contests that accompany the festival are known as
"Nopphamat Queen Contests". According to legend, Nang was a
consort of the Sukothai king Loethai (14th century) and she had been
the first to float a decorated raft. However, this is a new story which
was invented during the first part of the 19th century.
There is no evidence that a Nang Nopphamat ever existed.

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Instead it is a matter of fact that a woman of this name was
instead the leading character of a novel released during the end of the
reign of King Rama III – around 1850.
Her character was written as guidance for all women who
wished to become civil servants.
Kelantan in Malaysia also celebrates the same celebration,
especially in the Tumpat area.
The ministry in charge of tourism in Malaysia recognises it as an
attraction for tourists. Many people visit the celebration each year.
Yi Peng Thousands of Khom Loi in Mae Cho,Loi Krathong
coincides with the (northern Thai) festival known as "Yi Peng".
Due to a difference between the old Lanna calendar and the Thai
calendar, Yi Peng is held on a full moon of the 2nd month of the Lanna
calendar ("Yi" meaning "2nd" and "Peng" meaning "month" in the
Lanna language).

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A multitude of – style (khom loiliterally:"floating lanterns") are
launched into the air where they resemble large flocks of giant
fluorescent jellyfish gracefully floating by through the sky.
The festival is meant as a time for tham bun, to make. People
usually make khom loi from a thin fabric, such as rice paper, to which
a candle or fuel cell is attached. When the fuel cell is lit, the resulting
hot air which is trapped inside the lantern creates enough lift for the
khom loi to float up in to the sky.
In addition, people will also decorate their houses, gardens and
temples with khom fai : intricately shaped paper lanterns which take on
different forms. Khom thue are lanterns which are carried around
hanging from a stick, khom khwae are the hanging lanterns, and khom
pariwat which are placed at temples and which revolve due to the heat
of the candle inside.
The most elaborate Yi Peng celebrations can be seen in the
ancient capital of the former Lanna kingdom, where now both Loi
Krathong and Yi Peng are celebrated at the same time resulting in
lights floating on the waters, lights hanging from trees/buildings or
standing on walls, and lights floating by in the sky The tradition of Yi
Peng was also adopted by certain.

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Loy Krathong Festivals
Loy Krathong Day is one of the most popular festivals of
Thailand celebrated annually on the Full-Moon Day of the Twelfth
Lunar Month. It takes place at a time when the weather is fine as the
rainy season is over and there is a high water level all over the country.
"Loy" means "to float" and a "Krathong" is a lotus-shaped vessel
made of banana leaves. The Krathong usually contains a candle, three
joss-sticks, some flowers and coins.
In fact, the festival is of Brahmin origin in which people offer
thanks to the Goddess of the water.
Thus, by moonlight, people light the candles and joss-
sticks,make a wish and launch their Krathongs on canals, rivers or
even small ponds.

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It is believed that the Krathongs carry away sins and bad luck,
and the wishes that have been made for the new year due to start.
Indeed, it is the time to be joyful and happy as the sufferings are
floated away.
The festival starts in the evening when there is a full moon in the
sky. People of all walks of life carry their Krathongs to the
nearby rivers.
After lighting candles and joss-sticks and making a wish, they
gently place the Krathongs on the water and let them drift away till
they go out of sight.
A Beauty Queen Contest is an important part of the festival and
for this occasionit is called "The Noppamas Queen Contest".
Noppamas is a legendary figure from the Sukhothai period. Old
documents refer to her as the chief royal consort of a Sukhothai Kng
named "Lithai". Noppamas was said to have made the first decorated
Krathong to float in the river on the occasion.
In Bangkok, major establishments such as leading hotels and
amusement parks organise their Loy Krathong Festival and the
Krathong contest as mojor annual function.
For visitors to Thailand, the Loy Krathong Festival is an
occasion not to be missed. the festival is listed in the tourist calendar.
Everyone is invited to take part and share the joy and happiness.

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The word “Loy” means “to float”, and “Krathong” means lotus-
shaped vessel made of banana leaves. Loy Krathong is, therefore the
floating of an illuminated leaf bowl. But nowadays some krathongs
are made of coloured paper. A krathong usually contains a candle,
three joss sticks, some flowers and coins.
The history of Loy Krathong Festival is slightly obscure.
First, it is to ask for apology from the water goddess for having
used and sometimes made rivers and canals dirty.
Second, it is to offer flowers, candles and joss sticks as a tribute
to the footprint of Lord Buddha on the sandy beach of the Nammatha
River in India.
Third, it is to show gratitude to the Phra Mae Kong Ka or
Mother of Water.
Fourth, it is to wash away the previous year’s misfortunes.

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Methods to make Kra Thong from banana leaves
The head of Kra Thong shall use soft stalk of banana or easily
digest material to cut in round shape approx. 1-2.5” at the desirable
size, fold the banana leaves in several shapes to assemble as Kra
Thong.
Method: Flower 2 Rose Petals
1. Cut banana leaves to approx. 1.5” wide and 6” long
2. Fold 3 petals according the illustrated picture
3. Arranged as terraced lines according to the illustrated
picture as count as 1 level.
4. Attach around the Kra Thong base which is the sliced
banana stalk of approx. 1.5-2” thick. The number of petals shall be
more or less depending on the size of its base
5. decorate with flowers, joss sticks and candle.
Folding of petal in this pattern can be
used jointly with other folding patterns in the
same piece as desirable or individual idea.

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Method: Pattern 2 Rose Petal
1. Cut banana leaves to approx. 1.5” wide and 6” long
2. Fold 3 rose petals according to the illustrated picture
and arrange in row with appropriate span as desired. The top of the
petals and beds should be in the same line to beautiful and orderly
look.
3. Use green or black thread to sew in straight line.
4. Fold banana leaves and sew to long enough to cover
around the Kra Thong base and attach to the Kra Thong base with pin
and then trim to the same level of its base. The finished Kra Thong is
looked like a crown
5. Decorate with flowers, joss sticks and candle.
Folding of petal in this pattern can
be used jointly with other folding patterns
in the same piece as desirable or
individual idea.

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Method: Pattern 3 Axe
1. Cut banana leaves to approx. 1.5” wide and 6” long
2. Fold 3 petals according to the illustrated picture and
arrange in the same line with appropriate span. It is recommended to
fold all the same size for beautiful and orderly look.
3. Use green or black thread to sew in straight line.
4. Fold banana leaves and sew to long enough to cover
around the Kra Thong base and attach to the Kra Thong base with pins
and then trim to the same level of its base. The finished Kra Thong is
looked like a basin.
5. Decorate with flowers, incense sticks and candle.
Folding of petal in this pattern can be used jointly with other
folding patterns in the same piece as desirable or individual idea.

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Loy Krathong song
November full moon shine
Loy Krathong
Loy Krathong
And the water is high
In the gold river and the Klong
Loy Loy Krathong
Loy Loy Krathong
Loy Krathong is here
And everybody’s full of cheer
We're together at the Klong
Each one floats his Krathong
in the river and we pray
We can see a better day

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Bibliography
How to make Krathong. Retrieved February 9, 2015 ,
from https://www.gotoknow.org/posts/305956.
Jiraya Jamroen. Loy Krathong song. Retrieved February
9, 2015 , from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_DBcdJhyfnA.
Loy Krathong Day. Retrieved February 9, 2015 , from
http://info.muslimthaipost.com/main/index.php?page
=sub&category=13&id=18328.
Loy Krathong Festival. Retrieved February 9, 2015 , from
http://chivalanguage.blogspot.com/2012/11/blog-
post.html.
Loy Krathong Histor. Retrieved February 9, 2015 , from
http://www.smartenglishkid.com/index.php?lay=boar
dshow&ac=webboard_show&WBntype=1&Category
=smartenglishkidcom&thispage=1&No=1238878.

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