The liver has many important functions including metabolism, synthesis of proteins and coagulation factors, and storage. Liver dysfunction can be caused by viral hepatitis, alcoholism, cirrhosis, cancer, genetic disorders, and other conditions. Liver function tests are used to detect and assess liver disease by measuring enzymes, bilirubin, albumin, and coagulation factors. While no single test fully evaluates liver function, together they can help distinguish between hepatocellular damage, cholestasis, and impaired synthetic function. Interpretation requires considering the clinical context along with multiple test results.