The document discusses sustainable livelihoods and the framework for achieving them. Sustainable livelihoods are developed through various strategies within specific historical, cultural, economic and social contexts. People use strategies like agricultural intensification, diversification or migration. These strategies are shaped by institutions, policies, shocks and trends. The framework includes the assets - natural, social, human, physical and financial capital - that people use to achieve sustainable livelihood outcomes such as income, well-being, food security and sustainable resource use.

1. Sustainable Livelihoods

2. Sustainable Livelihoods within given historical, political, cultural, economic, agro-ecological, demographic, social contexts

3. Sustainable Livelihoods people develop livelihood strategies such as agricultural intensification or extensification, diversification or migration

4. Sustainable Livelihoods these strategies are mediated through institutional processes and structures such as government, laws, norms, policies

5. Sustainable Livelihoods to deliver sustainable livelihood outcomes such as more income, increased well-being, reduced vulnerability, improved food security, more sustainable use of natural resource base

6. Livelihood Assets Natural capital - The natural resource stocks from which resource flows useful to livelihood are derived (eg land, water, wildlife, biodiveristy, environmental resources).

7. Livelihood Assets Social capital - The social resources (networks, membership of groups, relationships of trust, access to wider institutions of society) upon which people draw in pursuit of livelihoods.

8. Livelihood Assets Human capital - The skills, knowledge, ability to labour and good health important to the ability to pursue different livelihood strategies.

9. Livelihood Assets Physical capital - The basic infrastructure (transport, shelter, water, energy and communications) and the production equipment and means which enable people to pursue their livelihoods.

10. Livelihood Assets Financial capital - The financial resources which are available to people (whether savings, supplies of credit or regular remittances or pensions) and which provide them with different livelihoods options. Adapted from Scoones, 1998.

11. Influence & access VULNERABILITY CONTEXT SHOCKS TRENDS SEASONALITY POLICY, INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES Levels of government Private sector Laws Policies Culture Institutions LIVELIHOOD OUTCOMES More income Increased well- being Reduced vulnerability Improved food security More sustainable use of NR base H S P F N LIVELIHOOD ASSETS Framework IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE Sustainable Livelihoods LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES

12. How does the SL differ from previous approaches?

13. helps maintain focus on (poor) people better analysis of development problems better monitoring of development impact probably improves team working clear links between field and policy