A literacy-rich environment stimulates students to participate in language and literacy activities daily, giving them an understanding of the function of oral and written language. Such an environment contains abundant, high-quality literacy materials like books, dictionaries, labels and signs. It has a physically organized space that encourages reading and writing, along with daily literacy routines such as read-alouds, independent reading and writing, and sharing. The classroom culture is also culturally sensitive and integrated, helping students experience different cultures through bulletin boards and other means. Assessment and a variety of instructional methods, including technology, group work and projects on the walls, are also characteristics of literacy-rich classrooms.