Lipoproteins
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Lipoproteins are particles that contain a core of cholesterol and triglycerides surrounded by a membrane containing apolipoproteins. There are several main types of lipoproteins: chylomicrons and VLDL deliver triglycerides to cells, LDL delivers cholesterol to cells, and HDL transports excess cholesterol from cells back to the liver. The primary apolipoproteins are apoB in chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, and LDL, and apoA1 in HDL.
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Lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are protein-lipid complexes that transport lipids between tissues. They have an outer surface containing proteins and phospholipids and an inner hydrophobic core containing triglycerides and cholesterol esters. The main classes of lipoproteins are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine to tissues. VLDL is produced in the liver and transports triglycerides. Through the action of lipoprotein lipase, VLDL loses triglycerides to become IDL and LDL, which transports cholesterol. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. Cholesterol homeostasis is maintained through hepatic
Lipoproteins
The document discusses lipoproteins, which transport lipids through the bloodstream. It defines lipoproteins as complexes containing a hydrophobic core of lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol surrounded by a hydrophilic shell of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on their density into chylomicrons, VLDLs, IDLs, LDLs, and HDLs. Their metabolism involves transporting dietary lipids, shuttling triglycerides between tissues, and carrying cholesterol between tissues and the liver. Apolipoproteins associated with each lipoprotein particle help determine its structure and function.
lipoproteins and its metabolism
This document discusses lipoproteins, which are complexes that transport lipids through the bloodstream. It describes their structure, classification based on density and size or electrophoretic pattern, and major apolipoproteins. Key aspects of lipoprotein metabolism are explained, including the assembly of chylomicrons and VLDL, the role of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport, and the antioxidant activities of HDL components. Clinical significance is discussed regarding fatty liver disease that can arise from impaired lipoprotein formation or secretion.
Lipoproteins: Structure, classification, metabolism and significance
This document discusses lipoproteins and their role in transporting lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol in the body. It describes the different types of lipoproteins, including chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine to tissues, while VLDL transports endogenous lipids from the liver. VLDL is converted to LDL as it delivers lipids to tissues. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in a process called reverse cholesterol transport. The document provides details on the composition and metabolism of each lipoprotein class and their role in lipid transport.
metabolism of LDL, IDL and HDL
Structure & function of IDL, Metabolism of IDL, Structure & function of LDL, Metabolism of LDL, Structure & function of HDL, Metabolism of HDL
Metabolism of lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the bloodstream. There are five major classes of lipoproteins - chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and free fatty acid-albumin. Each class transports different lipids and has distinct roles, sizes, and protein components. Disorders can arise from defects in lipoprotein metabolism, leading to abnormal lipid levels and increased disease risk.
Lipoprotein
What are lipoproteins?
Structure of lipoprotein complex.
Classification of lipoproteins.
Important enzyme and protein involved in lipoprotein metabolism.
Apolipoprotein.
Lipoprotein metabolism.
Clinical disorders
Importance of lipoprotein.
Conclusion
Reference.
Lipopprotein by kk sahu
Lipoproteins are biochemical assemblies of proteins and lipids that transport lipids through the bloodstream. They consist of a hydrophobic core of lipids surrounded by a membrane containing phospholipids, free cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on density into chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons and VLDL carry triglycerides from the intestine and liver to tissues, while HDL and LDL transport cholesterol. High LDL and low HDL levels increase the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. A balanced diet high in fish, nuts, and fiber can lower LDL and raise HDL to reduce disease risk.
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Lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are protein-lipid complexes that transport lipids between tissues. They have an outer surface containing proteins and phospholipids and an inner hydrophobic core containing triglycerides and cholesterol esters. The main classes of lipoproteins are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine to tissues. VLDL is produced in the liver and transports triglycerides. Through the action of lipoprotein lipase, VLDL loses triglycerides to become IDL and LDL, which transports cholesterol. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. Cholesterol homeostasis is maintained through hepatic
Lipoproteins
The document discusses lipoproteins, which transport lipids through the bloodstream. It defines lipoproteins as complexes containing a hydrophobic core of lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol surrounded by a hydrophilic shell of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on their density into chylomicrons, VLDLs, IDLs, LDLs, and HDLs. Their metabolism involves transporting dietary lipids, shuttling triglycerides between tissues, and carrying cholesterol between tissues and the liver. Apolipoproteins associated with each lipoprotein particle help determine its structure and function.
lipoproteins and its metabolism
This document discusses lipoproteins, which are complexes that transport lipids through the bloodstream. It describes their structure, classification based on density and size or electrophoretic pattern, and major apolipoproteins. Key aspects of lipoprotein metabolism are explained, including the assembly of chylomicrons and VLDL, the role of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport, and the antioxidant activities of HDL components. Clinical significance is discussed regarding fatty liver disease that can arise from impaired lipoprotein formation or secretion.
Lipoproteins: Structure, classification, metabolism and significance
This document discusses lipoproteins and their role in transporting lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol in the body. It describes the different types of lipoproteins, including chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine to tissues, while VLDL transports endogenous lipids from the liver. VLDL is converted to LDL as it delivers lipids to tissues. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in a process called reverse cholesterol transport. The document provides details on the composition and metabolism of each lipoprotein class and their role in lipid transport.
metabolism of LDL, IDL and HDL
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Metabolism of lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the bloodstream. There are five major classes of lipoproteins - chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and free fatty acid-albumin. Each class transports different lipids and has distinct roles, sizes, and protein components. Disorders can arise from defects in lipoprotein metabolism, leading to abnormal lipid levels and increased disease risk.
Lipoprotein
What are lipoproteins?
Structure of lipoprotein complex.
Classification of lipoproteins.
Important enzyme and protein involved in lipoprotein metabolism.
Apolipoprotein.
Lipoprotein metabolism.
Clinical disorders
Importance of lipoprotein.
Conclusion
Reference.
Lipopprotein by kk sahu
Lipoproteins are biochemical assemblies of proteins and lipids that transport lipids through the bloodstream. They consist of a hydrophobic core of lipids surrounded by a membrane containing phospholipids, free cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on density into chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons and VLDL carry triglycerides from the intestine and liver to tissues, while HDL and LDL transport cholesterol. High LDL and low HDL levels increase the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. A balanced diet high in fish, nuts, and fiber can lower LDL and raise HDL to reduce disease risk.
Metabolism of lipoproteins
This document summarizes the metabolism of lipoproteins in the human body. It discusses how lipids are transported in the blood using lipoproteins, which are classified based on their density. The main lipoproteins are chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL. Each carries out specific functions to transport lipids between the intestines, liver, and peripheral tissues. The document outlines the synthesis and catabolism of each lipoprotein class and their roles in cholesterol transport. It also discusses inherited disorders that can disrupt lipoprotein metabolism.
Lipids
This document discusses lipids, including their definition, classification, structure and functions. It covers different types of lipids such as fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols and lipoproteins. Key points include that lipids are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, and serve important structural and energy storage roles. Lipids form micelles to solubilize nonpolar molecules in aqueous environments.
Lipoprotein metabolism
This document discusses lipoprotein metabolism and summarizes the key points. It notes that plasma consists of triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, and other components. There are four major classes of lipoproteins that transport lipids in plasma: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL. The document outlines the formation and catabolism of chylomicrons and VLDL, which involves lipoprotein lipase, and the metabolism of LDL and HDL. Abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism can lead to hypo- or hyperlipoproteinemia and diseases like atherosclerosis.
Lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are spherical complexes formed by lipids and proteins that transport insoluble lipids through the blood. There are four main classes of lipoproteins: chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), and high density lipoproteins (HDL). Chylomicrons and VLDL are involved in transporting triglycerides, LDL transports cholesterol, and HDL transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to the liver.
Lipoprotein metabolism - (transport of lipids in the Blood)
This presentation explains metabolism of lipoproteins (Chylomicron, VLDL, LDL, HDL) in very simple way. The presentation contains lots of animation to explain metabolism of individual lipoproteins.
Lipoproteins
This document defines and classifies different types of lipoproteins. It discusses lipoproteins' roles in transporting lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol through the bloodstream. The main lipoproteins described are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons and VLDL transport lipids from the intestine and liver to tissues. Their triglycerides are broken down by lipoprotein lipase, forming chylomicron/VLDL remnants taken up by the liver. LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, while HDL transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in reverse transport.
Phospholipids
The document discusses different types of phospholipids and their structures. It describes glycerophospholipids, which contain glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid, and a nitrogenous base. Major glycerophospholipids mentioned are phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, cardiolipin, and plasmalogen. Sphingophospholipids contain sphingosine instead of glycerol. Sphingomyelin is provided as an example. Key functions and tissue locations of different phospholipids are also summarized.
Glycoproteins
- Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to their polypeptide backbones. They serve important biological roles.
- There are two main classes of glycoproteins: O-linked, where sugars attach to serine or threonine residues, and N-linked, where sugars attach to asparagine residues.
- Diseases can result from defects in glycoprotein biosynthesis, such as I-cell disease caused by a defect in N-linked glycosylation and congenital disorders of glycosylation caused by various defects impacting O-linked or N-linked glycosylation.
Lipoprotein metabolism, Shariq
This document discusses lipoprotein metabolism and structure. It describes the different lipoproteins including chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. It outlines the roles of apoproteins and how lipoproteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol through the body. The pathways of exogenous and endogenous cholesterol are summarized along with lipoprotein processing and targets for treating dyslipidemia.
Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism involves the breakdown and synthesis of fats and involves several processes. Fats are obtained through food or synthesized in the body from carbohydrates. Hormones signal the need for energy storage or release from fat cells. Fatty acids and glycerol are released from triglycerides and transported to tissues where the liver uses some for energy and resynthesizes others to be stored or used by muscles. Lipid metabolism occurs through several pathways including beta-oxidation of fatty acids, fatty acid synthesis, and cholesterol transport.
Lipids
The lipids are a heterogeneous group of compounds that include fats, oils, steroids, waxes, and related compounds. They share the properties of being relatively insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents. Lipids serve important functions such as energy storage, structural components of cell membranes, and insulation. They can also be classified based on their structure into simple lipids like triglycerides and complex lipids like phospholipids and glycolipids. Phospholipids and glycolipids are amphipathic molecules that form lipid bilayers, which are the basic structure of biological membranes.
Lipids Chemistry Structure & Function (More Detailed)
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Disorders of Lipoprotein Metabolism
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View in slideshow after downloading for better experience.
Prepared in Dec 2013.
Lipoprotein Metabolism.pptx
lipoproteins transfer lipids such as triacylglycerol, cholestryl ester, fat soluble vitamins in the body. there are 5 categories of lipoproteins which includes chylomicrone, VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL. LDL-cholesterol is called bad cholestrol while HDL-cholesterol is called good cholesterol.
Lipoprotein metabolism
The document discusses lipoproteins, which are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the bloodstream. It defines the main classes of lipoproteins - chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL - and describes their composition, size, density, functions, and roles in lipid transport. Diseases associated with abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism are also summarized, such as hyperlipoproteinemias which result from defects in the synthesis or catabolism of specific lipoproteins.
Lipoproteins- structure, classification, metabolism and clinical significance
Lipoproteins transport lipids between cells and tissues. They consist of a nonpolar lipid core surrounded by a surface layer of phospholipids and proteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on density into chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine. The liver secretes VLDL, which circulates and is converted to IDL and LDL through lipolysis. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver. Apolipoproteins associated with each lipoprotein determine its function and metabolism.
Chemistry of Lipids - Classification
Lipids are classified into simple, complex, and derived lipids. Simple lipids include neutral fats/oils and waxes which are esters of fatty acids and various alcohols. Complex lipids contain additional components like phosphoric acid, nitrogen bases, or carbohydrates. They are further divided based on these components, such as phospholipids containing glycerol or sphingosine as the alcohol, and glycolipids containing fatty acids, sphingosine, and a carbohydrate without phosphate. Phospholipids and sphingophospholipids are subclasses of complex lipids.
regulation of cholesterol synthesis
Regulation of cholesterol synthesis occurs primarily at the HMG-CoA reductase step through competitive inhibition by statins, feedback inhibition by downstream products, covalent modification by hormones like glucagon and insulin, and sterol-mediated regulation of gene transcription. Cholesterol levels are also controlled by transport in lipoproteins and uptake by tissues, and influenced by diet, lifestyle factors, and certain medical conditions that can raise or lower serum cholesterol concentration.
Structure and function of lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport hydrophobic lipid molecules in blood plasma. They play key roles in lipid absorption, transport, and reverse cholesterol transport. Lipoproteins are classified based on their density and include chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, IDL, and HDL. They contain characteristic amounts of triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins such as Apo B, Apo E, and differ in size, density, and function. Abnormal lipoprotein metabolism can lead to dyslipidemias and diseases like atherosclerosis.
Lipoprotein disorders
This document discusses lipoprotein disorders and their relationship to cardiovascular disease. It begins by describing the general structure of lipoproteins, which consist of a nonpolar lipid core surrounded by amphipathic proteins and lipids. It then covers the classification of lipoproteins based on density, describes various genetic lipoprotein disorders like familial hypercholesterolemia and their effects, and discusses specific disorders involving high-density lipoproteins, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and lipoprotein processing enzymes. The document provides an overview of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of major lipoprotein disorders and their implications for cardiovascular risk.
Lipoproteins metabolism for MMBS, Lab. Med. BDSpptx
Lipids are insoluble in water, the problem of transportation in the aqueous plasma is solved by associating nonpolar lipids (triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters) with amphipathic lipids (phospholipids and cholesterol) and proteins to make water-miscible lipoproteins.
Lipoprotein
Lipoproteins are biochemical assemblies that transport hydrophobic lipid molecules in water and blood. They consist of a phospholipid and cholesterol outer shell with apolipoproteins embedded that stabilize the complex and determine its function. The main types of lipoproteins are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL, which differ in size, density, and lipid and protein composition. They enable the transport and metabolism of triglycerides, cholesterol, and other lipids throughout the body.
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This document summarizes the metabolism of lipoproteins in the human body. It discusses how lipids are transported in the blood using lipoproteins, which are classified based on their density. The main lipoproteins are chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL. Each carries out specific functions to transport lipids between the intestines, liver, and peripheral tissues. The document outlines the synthesis and catabolism of each lipoprotein class and their roles in cholesterol transport. It also discusses inherited disorders that can disrupt lipoprotein metabolism.
Lipids
This document discusses lipids, including their definition, classification, structure and functions. It covers different types of lipids such as fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols and lipoproteins. Key points include that lipids are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, and serve important structural and energy storage roles. Lipids form micelles to solubilize nonpolar molecules in aqueous environments.
Lipoprotein metabolism
This document discusses lipoprotein metabolism and summarizes the key points. It notes that plasma consists of triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, and other components. There are four major classes of lipoproteins that transport lipids in plasma: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL. The document outlines the formation and catabolism of chylomicrons and VLDL, which involves lipoprotein lipase, and the metabolism of LDL and HDL. Abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism can lead to hypo- or hyperlipoproteinemia and diseases like atherosclerosis.
Lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are spherical complexes formed by lipids and proteins that transport insoluble lipids through the blood. There are four main classes of lipoproteins: chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), and high density lipoproteins (HDL). Chylomicrons and VLDL are involved in transporting triglycerides, LDL transports cholesterol, and HDL transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to the liver.
Lipoprotein metabolism - (transport of lipids in the Blood)
This presentation explains metabolism of lipoproteins (Chylomicron, VLDL, LDL, HDL) in very simple way. The presentation contains lots of animation to explain metabolism of individual lipoproteins.
Lipoproteins
This document defines and classifies different types of lipoproteins. It discusses lipoproteins' roles in transporting lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol through the bloodstream. The main lipoproteins described are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons and VLDL transport lipids from the intestine and liver to tissues. Their triglycerides are broken down by lipoprotein lipase, forming chylomicron/VLDL remnants taken up by the liver. LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, while HDL transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in reverse transport.
Phospholipids
The document discusses different types of phospholipids and their structures. It describes glycerophospholipids, which contain glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid, and a nitrogenous base. Major glycerophospholipids mentioned are phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, cardiolipin, and plasmalogen. Sphingophospholipids contain sphingosine instead of glycerol. Sphingomyelin is provided as an example. Key functions and tissue locations of different phospholipids are also summarized.
Glycoproteins
- Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to their polypeptide backbones. They serve important biological roles.
- There are two main classes of glycoproteins: O-linked, where sugars attach to serine or threonine residues, and N-linked, where sugars attach to asparagine residues.
- Diseases can result from defects in glycoprotein biosynthesis, such as I-cell disease caused by a defect in N-linked glycosylation and congenital disorders of glycosylation caused by various defects impacting O-linked or N-linked glycosylation.
Lipoprotein metabolism, Shariq
This document discusses lipoprotein metabolism and structure. It describes the different lipoproteins including chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. It outlines the roles of apoproteins and how lipoproteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol through the body. The pathways of exogenous and endogenous cholesterol are summarized along with lipoprotein processing and targets for treating dyslipidemia.
Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism involves the breakdown and synthesis of fats and involves several processes. Fats are obtained through food or synthesized in the body from carbohydrates. Hormones signal the need for energy storage or release from fat cells. Fatty acids and glycerol are released from triglycerides and transported to tissues where the liver uses some for energy and resynthesizes others to be stored or used by muscles. Lipid metabolism occurs through several pathways including beta-oxidation of fatty acids, fatty acid synthesis, and cholesterol transport.
Lipids
The lipids are a heterogeneous group of compounds that include fats, oils, steroids, waxes, and related compounds. They share the properties of being relatively insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents. Lipids serve important functions such as energy storage, structural components of cell membranes, and insulation. They can also be classified based on their structure into simple lipids like triglycerides and complex lipids like phospholipids and glycolipids. Phospholipids and glycolipids are amphipathic molecules that form lipid bilayers, which are the basic structure of biological membranes.
Lipids Chemistry Structure & Function (More Detailed)
This presentation is for Medical students. It is more detailed explanation of Lipids including types and medical importance. It is made by Drs Charles Stephen and Dr Ayyub Patel
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Comprehensive description of various primary dyslipidemias, cholesterol transport and molecular mechanisms involved.
View in slideshow after downloading for better experience.
Prepared in Dec 2013.
Lipoprotein Metabolism.pptx
lipoproteins transfer lipids such as triacylglycerol, cholestryl ester, fat soluble vitamins in the body. there are 5 categories of lipoproteins which includes chylomicrone, VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL. LDL-cholesterol is called bad cholestrol while HDL-cholesterol is called good cholesterol.
Lipoprotein metabolism
The document discusses lipoproteins, which are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the bloodstream. It defines the main classes of lipoproteins - chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL - and describes their composition, size, density, functions, and roles in lipid transport. Diseases associated with abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism are also summarized, such as hyperlipoproteinemias which result from defects in the synthesis or catabolism of specific lipoproteins.
Lipoproteins- structure, classification, metabolism and clinical significance
Lipoproteins transport lipids between cells and tissues. They consist of a nonpolar lipid core surrounded by a surface layer of phospholipids and proteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on density into chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine. The liver secretes VLDL, which circulates and is converted to IDL and LDL through lipolysis. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver. Apolipoproteins associated with each lipoprotein determine its function and metabolism.
Chemistry of Lipids - Classification
Lipids are classified into simple, complex, and derived lipids. Simple lipids include neutral fats/oils and waxes which are esters of fatty acids and various alcohols. Complex lipids contain additional components like phosphoric acid, nitrogen bases, or carbohydrates. They are further divided based on these components, such as phospholipids containing glycerol or sphingosine as the alcohol, and glycolipids containing fatty acids, sphingosine, and a carbohydrate without phosphate. Phospholipids and sphingophospholipids are subclasses of complex lipids.
regulation of cholesterol synthesis
Regulation of cholesterol synthesis occurs primarily at the HMG-CoA reductase step through competitive inhibition by statins, feedback inhibition by downstream products, covalent modification by hormones like glucagon and insulin, and sterol-mediated regulation of gene transcription. Cholesterol levels are also controlled by transport in lipoproteins and uptake by tissues, and influenced by diet, lifestyle factors, and certain medical conditions that can raise or lower serum cholesterol concentration.
Structure and function of lipoproteins
Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport hydrophobic lipid molecules in blood plasma. They play key roles in lipid absorption, transport, and reverse cholesterol transport. Lipoproteins are classified based on their density and include chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, IDL, and HDL. They contain characteristic amounts of triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins such as Apo B, Apo E, and differ in size, density, and function. Abnormal lipoprotein metabolism can lead to dyslipidemias and diseases like atherosclerosis.
Lipoprotein disorders
This document discusses lipoprotein disorders and their relationship to cardiovascular disease. It begins by describing the general structure of lipoproteins, which consist of a nonpolar lipid core surrounded by amphipathic proteins and lipids. It then covers the classification of lipoproteins based on density, describes various genetic lipoprotein disorders like familial hypercholesterolemia and their effects, and discusses specific disorders involving high-density lipoproteins, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and lipoprotein processing enzymes. The document provides an overview of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of major lipoprotein disorders and their implications for cardiovascular risk.
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Lipids are insoluble in water, the problem of transportation in the aqueous plasma is solved by associating nonpolar lipids (triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters) with amphipathic lipids (phospholipids and cholesterol) and proteins to make water-miscible lipoproteins.
Lipoprotein
Lipoproteins are biochemical assemblies that transport hydrophobic lipid molecules in water and blood. They consist of a phospholipid and cholesterol outer shell with apolipoproteins embedded that stabilize the complex and determine its function. The main types of lipoproteins are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL, which differ in size, density, and lipid and protein composition. They enable the transport and metabolism of triglycerides, cholesterol, and other lipids throughout the body.
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2) Lipoproteins are classified based on their density, and include chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine to tissues, while VLDL transports endogenous lipids from the liver.
3) Chylomicrons and VLDL are broken down by lipoprotein lipase in tissues, generating fatty acids. Their remnants are taken up by the liver via receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Manju lipo
Lipoproteins are biochemical assemblies containing both proteins and lipids that transport fats like triglycerides through the water-based plasma. They consist of a nonpolar lipid core surrounded by a layer of amphipathic lipids and proteins. Lipoproteins can be classified based on density, electrophoretic mobility, and apolipoprotein content. They transport lipids between tissues and are involved in lipid metabolism through interactions with enzymes like lipoprotein lipase. Defects in lipoprotein metabolism can cause diseases like atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.
Lipoproteins
1. Lipoproteins are spherical aggregates that transport lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol in the bloodstream. They are composed of a hydrophobic core of lipids surrounded by a hydrophilic surface containing proteins and lipids.
2. There are several classes of lipoproteins defined by their density: chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine. VLDL transports triglycerides made in the liver. LDL transports cholesterol to tissues. HDL transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to the liver.
3. Apolipoproteins bind to lipids and target different lipoproteins to tissues. Lipoprotein lipase breaks
CHEMISTRY OF LIPOPROTEINS
This document summarizes lipoproteins and their classification and functions. Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the bloodstream. They are classified into five main types based on density: chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), and high density lipoproteins (HDL). Chylomicrons transport dietary triglycerides from the intestine to tissues, VLDL transports endogenous triglycerides from the liver, and HDL transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver in reverse cholesterol transport. Apolipoproteins associated with each lipoprotein particle facilitate their metabolism and functions.
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Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in blood plasma. There are five major classes of lipoproteins - chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and free fatty acid-albumin. They differ in their lipid and protein composition and function to transport lipids between tissues and the liver. Genetic defects in lipoprotein metabolism can result in various hyperlipoproteinemias or hypolipoproteinemias.
Structure lipoproteins
This document discusses the structure and function of various apolipoproteins. It describes the major apolipoproteins, including apoA-I, apoA-II, apoA-IV, apoB, apoC-I, apoC-II, apoC-III, and apoE. For each one, it provides information on genetics, protein structure, function in lipid transport and metabolism, role in health conditions, and clinical significance. The document serves as an overview of the key apolipoproteins, their roles in lipoprotein formation and regulation, and their implications for cardiovascular and other diseases.
Structure lipoproteins
This document discusses the structure and function of various apolipoproteins. It describes the major apolipoproteins, including apoA-I, apoA-II, apoA-IV, apoB, apoC-I, apoC-II, apoC-III, and apoE. For each one, it provides information on genetics, protein structure, function in lipid transport and metabolism, role in health conditions, and clinical significance. The document serves as an overview of the key apolipoproteins, their roles in lipoprotein formation and regulation, and their involvement in cardiovascular and other genetic diseases.
Lipoproteins and their metabolism
1) Chylomicrons are assembled in the intestines and carry dietary lipids through the lymphatic system and bloodstream to tissues. They are formed when apo B-48 is loaded with lipids by MTP in the ER and Golgi.
2) Nascent chylomicrons acquire apo C and E from HDL in the bloodstream. Lipoprotein lipase on capillary walls hydrolyzes chylomicron triglycerides, providing fatty acids to tissues.
3) Remnant chylomicrons are taken up by the liver via apo E binding to hepatic receptors, where lipids are metabolized and reused or stored.
Abnormalities in lipoproteinemia
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Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids through the bloodstream. There are four main types of plasma lipoproteins - chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL - which differ in size, density, and lipid/protein composition. Chylomicrons carry dietary lipids from the intestine to other tissues, VLDL transports endogenous lipids from the liver, LDL carries cholesterol, and HDL transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver for processing or excretion. The metabolism and interactions between these lipoproteins, such as the transfer of lipids between them, are tightly regulated and essential for maintaining lipid homeostasis.
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Lipids are hydrophobic molecules (They are afraid of water).
● They are transported in the plasma as lipoprotein structures.
● Lipoproteins are spherical (كروي (macromolecular complexes¹ of :
○ Lipids²
○ Specific protein ( Apolipoproteins )
● Lipoproteins keep lipid contents soluble while transporting them
to and from the tissues.
Types of lipoproteins : ● Chylomicrons (lowest density, largest) ● Very low density lipoproteins ( VLDL ) ● Low density lipoproteins ( LDL ) ● H
Lipoproteins differ in : ● Density (means weight) ● Size (The most density molecule is the smallest in size) ● Site of origin ● Composition of lipids and proteins
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10 lipoprotein metabolism 2015
Lipoproteins are spherical complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the bloodstream. They are classified based on composition, density, and electrophoretic mobility into chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and free fatty acid-albumin complexes. Chylomicrons transport exogenous triglycerides from the intestine to tissues, VLDL transports endogenous triglycerides from the liver, LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, and HDL transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver. Disorders in lipoprotein metabolism can result in hyperlipoproteinemias or hypolipopro
LIPID TRANSPORT.pptx
This document summarizes lipid transport via lipoproteins. It discusses the main classes of lipids transported in the body including fatty acids, triacylglycerols, and cholesterol. These lipids are insoluble in water and require transport via lipoproteins, which are complexes of lipids and proteins called apolipoproteins. The major classes of lipoproteins - chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL - are described in detail regarding their structure, function, and role in lipid transport. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine to other tissues, while VLDL transports lipids synthesized in the liver. Apolipoproteins aid in lipoprotein structure and direct their metabolism.
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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Lipoproteins
- 2. INTRODUCTION: Lipoproteins are basically a core full of fat and cholesterol, along with a lipid membrane that contains amphipathic proteins called Apo lipoproteins.
- 4. LIPID AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF LIP- PROTEINS: Apolipoprotein B is the primary apolipoprotein of chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, and LDL particles. While ApoA-1 is present in HDL.
- 5. FUNCTION OF CHYLOMICRONS AND VLDL: Chylomicrons and VLDL deliver TAG to cells in the body. triglyceride-rich. Chylomicrons are synthesized by enterocytes VLDL is synthesized in the liver. The function of these lipoproteins is to deliver energy-rich triacylglycerol (TAG) to cells in the body . TAG is stripped from both through the action of lipoprotein lipase, an enzyme that is found on the surface of endothelial cells. convert TAG to fatty acids and monoglycerides. Used by the body or stored.
- 6. LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS: As VLDL particles are stripped of triacylglycerol, These particles are remodeled at the liver and transformed into LDL. Cells take up cholesterol by receptor-mediated endocytosis. LDL binds to a specific LDL receptor and is internalized in an endocytic vesicle. Receptors are recycled to the cell surface, while cholesterol is further processed in the body.
- 7. FUNCTION OF LDL: The function of LDL is to deliver cholesterol to cells, where it is used in membranes, or for the synthesis of steroid hormones .
- 8. HIGH DENSITY LIPO-PROTEINS: Additionally, excess cholesterol from cells is brought back to the liver by HDL in a process known as reverse cholesterol transport . HDL is synthesized and secreted by the liver and small intestine. It travels in the circulation where it gathers cholesterol to form mature HDL, which then returns the cholesterol to the liver via various pathways.
- 9. CONTINUE…..
Editor's Notes
- Excess cholesterol is eliminated from the body via the liver, which secretes cholesterol in bile or converts it to bile salts. The liver removes LDL and other lipoproteins from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
- Reverse cholesterol transport is the net movement of cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the liver first via entering the lymphatic system, then the bloodstream.