In these slides the affects and causes of smoking are discussed. The probable solutions to smoking are also discussed at length. The causes and affects of smoking Sheesha and Hookah are also discussed in these slides. Moreover, a little discussion on Gutka and Chalia has also been done.
Amazing weight loss activities, food and tips to help you lose weight in an easy and effective manner. Following and committing to these tips is an effective way to lose weight. The main objective of this is to inspire people to opt for healthy food and make exercise a daily part of your life to have a healthy and fit life. . You don’t have to starve to lose weight just eating the right food and committing to any one activity is sufficient to make you look a hundred bucks with a healthy glow and a great figure.
In these slides the affects and causes of smoking are discussed. The probable solutions to smoking are also discussed at length. The causes and affects of smoking Sheesha and Hookah are also discussed in these slides. Moreover, a little discussion on Gutka and Chalia has also been done.
Amazing weight loss activities, food and tips to help you lose weight in an easy and effective manner. Following and committing to these tips is an effective way to lose weight. The main objective of this is to inspire people to opt for healthy food and make exercise a daily part of your life to have a healthy and fit life. . You don’t have to starve to lose weight just eating the right food and committing to any one activity is sufficient to make you look a hundred bucks with a healthy glow and a great figure.
Healthy diet | Nutrition and Diet : weight loss Indiaweightlossindia
We are committed to helping you reach important weight loss goals and we are here to support you. Surgery is just one step on your journey.Following surgery, many patients lose weight rapidly.But it's important to make the commitment to a lifestyle of healthy eating and regular exercise.
Vaping and tobacco: six things you need to know about harm reductionClive Bates
1. Smoking has not gone away
2. Technologies to obsolete cigarettes
3. Risks and risk (mis)perceptions
4. The public health mechanism and the pleasure principle
5. The youth vaping epidemic – a harder look
6. Policymaking and perverse consequences
Tobacco has been used for a very long time in the Americas and some of the adjacent countries due to its intense effects on the central nervous system and the feeling of excitement brought about by it. Tobacco is a type of agricultural crops that contains a chemical that is required for the production of cigarettes and chewed tobacco products. Within the tobacco leaf, there is a specific chemical known as nicotine, which is an ingredient that leads to addiction and causes tobacco abuse. This is why many people who smoke cigarette (intake of nicotine) will get addicted and will not easily quit tobacco use, thus developing a condition known as tobacco abuse or tobacco dependence. Tobacco abuse or tobacco dependence can be defined as an addiction to the use of tobacco products due to the intake of nicotine substance. For this reason, nicotine is the chemical that is responsible for the cause of this addiction or abuse. There is no safe level of tobacco use. Our body will become dependent on nicotine psychologically or physically. Once you start using tobacco, you will find it very difficult to stop using it. This is because the body has developed a tolerance to the effects of nicotine. In addition, tobacco use cannot be stopped abruptly as it will interrupt with the normal body functions for someone who relies on it to kick start the day.
Oriflame is a Swedish company which deals with branded Cosmetics in more than 60 countries worldwide. This presentation will help you to earn money online through Oriflames Marketing Campaign.
Keynote address by Anna Dixon (Chief Executive, Centre for Ageing Better) at the Royal College of Occupational Therapists Older People Annual Conference 2017.
Smoking Kills Power point presentationHafizMImran1
Smoking Kills Power point presentation.
we cover the Topics.
1.Introduction of Smoking
2.Smoking
3.Cigarette
4.Statistics of smoking
5.Why Do people Smoking
6.Advantages and Disadvantages
7.Diseases caused by smoking
8.Effect of smoking on the body
9.Smoking in Islam
10.How to Quit Smoking
11.Reason for Quitting Smoking
12.Conclusion
#smoking kills
Intermittent Fasting is the new kid on the block in terms of weight loss. But is it just a fad or are the proclaimed benefits backed by science?
http://blackbeltwhitehat.com/mma/nutrition/intermittent-fasting-diet-plan/
Healthy diet | Nutrition and Diet : weight loss Indiaweightlossindia
We are committed to helping you reach important weight loss goals and we are here to support you. Surgery is just one step on your journey.Following surgery, many patients lose weight rapidly.But it's important to make the commitment to a lifestyle of healthy eating and regular exercise.
Vaping and tobacco: six things you need to know about harm reductionClive Bates
1. Smoking has not gone away
2. Technologies to obsolete cigarettes
3. Risks and risk (mis)perceptions
4. The public health mechanism and the pleasure principle
5. The youth vaping epidemic – a harder look
6. Policymaking and perverse consequences
Tobacco has been used for a very long time in the Americas and some of the adjacent countries due to its intense effects on the central nervous system and the feeling of excitement brought about by it. Tobacco is a type of agricultural crops that contains a chemical that is required for the production of cigarettes and chewed tobacco products. Within the tobacco leaf, there is a specific chemical known as nicotine, which is an ingredient that leads to addiction and causes tobacco abuse. This is why many people who smoke cigarette (intake of nicotine) will get addicted and will not easily quit tobacco use, thus developing a condition known as tobacco abuse or tobacco dependence. Tobacco abuse or tobacco dependence can be defined as an addiction to the use of tobacco products due to the intake of nicotine substance. For this reason, nicotine is the chemical that is responsible for the cause of this addiction or abuse. There is no safe level of tobacco use. Our body will become dependent on nicotine psychologically or physically. Once you start using tobacco, you will find it very difficult to stop using it. This is because the body has developed a tolerance to the effects of nicotine. In addition, tobacco use cannot be stopped abruptly as it will interrupt with the normal body functions for someone who relies on it to kick start the day.
Oriflame is a Swedish company which deals with branded Cosmetics in more than 60 countries worldwide. This presentation will help you to earn money online through Oriflames Marketing Campaign.
Keynote address by Anna Dixon (Chief Executive, Centre for Ageing Better) at the Royal College of Occupational Therapists Older People Annual Conference 2017.
Smoking Kills Power point presentationHafizMImran1
Smoking Kills Power point presentation.
we cover the Topics.
1.Introduction of Smoking
2.Smoking
3.Cigarette
4.Statistics of smoking
5.Why Do people Smoking
6.Advantages and Disadvantages
7.Diseases caused by smoking
8.Effect of smoking on the body
9.Smoking in Islam
10.How to Quit Smoking
11.Reason for Quitting Smoking
12.Conclusion
#smoking kills
Intermittent Fasting is the new kid on the block in terms of weight loss. But is it just a fad or are the proclaimed benefits backed by science?
http://blackbeltwhitehat.com/mma/nutrition/intermittent-fasting-diet-plan/
Putting the Health in Healthcare: Partnerships with Hospitals
Hospitals and active transportation advocates are working together to make their communities healthier. Hear from health professionals in Ohio, Pennsylvania and Washington, DC who are linking the healthy lifestyle expertise of hospitals with active transportation facilities.
Presenters:
Presenter: David Pauer Cleveland Clinic
Co-Presenter: Bonnie Coyle St. Luke's University Health Network
Co-Presenter: Elissa Garofalo Delaware & Lehigh National Heritage Corridor
Co-Presenter: Elissa Southward Rails-to-Trails Conservancy
Trim Slim Shape - Training - Get a Company Paid for BMW - Anti-Aging Health & Wellness Company is Looking for Experienced Sales Reps Nationwide - Join the #1 Visalus Team in USA & Canada @ www.MyVisalusBiz.com
Social and cultural health factorsUsing Data in Public and Com.docxwhitneyleman54422
Social and cultural health factors
Using Data in Public and Community Health
What is Public Health?
What is Public Health?
The fulfillment of society’s interest in assuring the conditions in which people can be healthy.
Organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and the promotion of health.
See videos on Moodle
Public Health vs. Medical Care
In medicine, the patient is the individual; in public health, the patient is the community
Public health diagnoses the health of the community using public health sciences
Treatment of the community involves new policies and interventions
Goal of medicine is cure; goal of public health is prevention of disease and disability
Public Health: Science and Politics
Science is how we understand threats to health, determine what interventions might work, and evaluate whether the interventions worked
Politics is how we as a society make decisions about what policies to implement
Public Health Disciplines
Epidemiology
Statistics
Biomedical Sciences
Environmental Health Science
Social and Behavioral Sciences
Health Policy and Management
Epidemiology
The basic science of public health
The study of epidemics
Aims to control spread of infectious diseases
Seeks causes of chronic disease and ways to limit harmful exposures.
Statistics
Collection of data on the population
These numbers are diagnostic tools for the health of the community
The science of statistics is used to calculate risks and benefits
Biomedical Sciences
Infectious diseases – pathogens
Chronic diseases
Genetics
Environmental Health Science
Health effects of environmental exposures
Air quality
Water quality
Solid and hazardous wastes
Safe food and drugs
Global environmental change
Social and Behavioral Sciences
Behavior is now the leading factor in affecting people’s health
Theories of health behavior: social environment affects people’s behavior
Major health threats: tobacco, poor diet and physical inactivity, injuries
Maternal and child health – a social issue
Health Policy and Management
Role of medical care in public health
Cost of medical care in U.S. is out of control
U.S. has a high percentage of population without health insurance – these people often lack access to medical care
Quality of medical care can be measured, and is often questionable
Public Health: Prevention and Intervention
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Public Health Approach
Define the health problem
Identify risk factors associated with the problem
Develop and test community-level interventions to control or prevent the cause of the problem
Implement interventions to improve the health of the population.
Monitor interventions to assess their effectiveness.
Key Findings
Most people are concerned about their health—very concerned (31%) or somewhat concerned (31%)
Key Findings
Americans do not see a single most important cause of individuals’ health problems.
Top c.
Professor Julio Licinio opens the First National Symposium on Translational Psychiatry, 4 -5 April 2011, at The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University.
WELLVIS! - The Connection Between WELLness and serVICE!Joey Traywick
This is the presentation I gave at Billings Clinic for Nursing Grand Rounds and at the Academy of Medical Surgical Nursing in Las Vegas this month. I also just gave this presentation (with the added 7 min workout!) for the Montana Student Nurses Association annual convention in Helena, Montana yesterday!
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
1. Active Lifestyles
To be Active
To be Inactive
Essentially how much daily exercise we take
One of the most important lifestyle choices we
can make is either:
Adults should do a minimum of 30 minutes
moderate-intensity physical activity, five days a
week. - NHS Recommendations
As a rule of thumb, exercise of moderate intensity will
make you a little warm or sweaty, and slightly out of
breath, but no more than that.
2. We need to look at the impact of 4 main lifestyle
choices on our health and Physical Performance:
•Lack of Exercise
•Poor Diet
•Smoking
•Alcohol and Drugs
What is meant by an active lifestyle?
3.
4.
5. The British Darts Organisation was
campaigning for their sport to be included in the
2012 London Olympics; and to that end, they've
opened the Darts School of Excellence in
London. It's for for kids ages 7 to 18, as
England attempts to groom the next generation
of great darts players.
6. Activities come under the three headings
of:
Competitive Sport
Active Recreation/Leisure
Health and Well Being Activities
In the next 2 minutes write out as
many sports, pastimes or activities
as you can think of and then
categorise them.
7. What different types of activity are there
and why do people participate in them?
Competitive Sport: Where performance is very
important. This has organised leagues, referees, marked
pitches and strict rules. Sport may be a Job for some as
well as competitive activity they enjoy.
Active Recreation/Leisure/:Where active participation
is important rather than performance standards.
Health and Well Being: This may be due to personal
choice(to improve body image or self esteem or
purely enjoyment) or medical recommendation (GP
Referral, cardiac rehabilitation). It can be:
a) Scientific – based on a training programme
b) Ad-hoc – unstructured – whenever you get time
8.
9. Obesity
Obesity is a major problem in the UK and the western
world. But it is not the actual obesity that is killing
people it the associated illnesses that arise as a result
of obesity e.g. heart disease, stroke and diabetes.
Obesity is caused by Lack of Exercise
and a Poor Diet?
10. “Obesity reduces life expectancy by 10 years” One in four 11 to 15 year
olds was classified as obese in 2004
12. Task –
In your groups you are to produce a short film about your
given topic:
• Obesity and associated diseases – the facts!
• The perils of drinking too much alcohol – when the
fun is over what lasting effects happen to the body!
• Smoking – don’t let your health go up in smoke!
• Drugs – Not all fun and games – the detrimental side
effects of illegal drugs.
Rules:
Short film but not two short. Key facts about problems and
diseases associated with these lifestyle choices. Must all star in the
movie at some point. Do the research and investigate before
starting to film. You must also produce a poster/handout to
summarise your research. This needs to be high quality and worthy
of display.
13. What are the negative affects of obesity on health?
Examiners Tip: You are asked to EXPLAIN these – the „man in
the pub answer‟ is not enough!
ATHEROSCLEROSIS: „Bad cholesterol‟ (LDL Low density
Lipoproteins)– found in saturated fats forms plaques which
attach to artery and arteriole walls causing a small blockages.
„Good Cholesterol‟ (HDL – High Density Lipoproteins) helps
to reduce the effect of LDL‟s so if we have a good ratio of
HDL:LDL cholesterols it is good for our health Arthero/LDL
clip (Coronary Heart Disease)
HYPERTENSION : These blockages in the arteries cause
higher blood pressure known as Hypertension High blood
pressure
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : Lack of exercise can cause arteries
to harden so stopping Vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Angina
HEART ATTACK: When a blood vessel supplying the heart
becomes totally blocked or STROKE if this occurs in the brain
14. DIABETES: Occurs when we are unable to control
our blood sugar levels. Youtube
When we eat carbohydrate our blood sugar levels
rise and our Pancreas releases Insulin to control
this.
If we consume a great deal of simple carbohydrate
or sugars (e.g. sweets, fizzy drinks) our blood
sugar rises dramatically.
A great deal of insulin has to be released to control
this sugar and over time the body becomes tolerant
of the insulin and it no longer has an effect. insulin
2
The explanation…….
15. The Benefits of exercise. Its effects on obesity/ health and
physical performance......... regular exam question!!!
Burn off more of the calories consumed so
reducing obesity. – negative energy balance
Exercise increases ratio of HDL(good) to
LDL(bad) Cholesterol
Raises Basal metabolic rate
Maintains higher than usual metabolic rate up to 5
hours after exercise
Helps control blood glucose levels so reducing
possibility of diabetes.
Reduced blood pressure due to increased elasticity
of arteries
Maintains bone density so reduces risk of
osteoporosis
Cardiac hypertrophy can help reduce potential of
heart attack
22. Obesity Trends - U.S. Adults (1985 –
2009)
Definitions:
• Obesity: having a very high amount of body fat
in relation to lean body mass, or Body Mass
Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.
• Body Mass Index (BMI): a measure of an
adult’s mass in relation to their height,
specifically the adult’s mass (kg) divided by the
square of their height (m).
23. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1985
No Data <10% 10%–14%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
24. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1986
No Data <10% 10%–14%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
25. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1987
No Data <10% 10%–14%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
26. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1988
No Data <10% 10%–14%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
27. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1989
No Data <10% 10%–14%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
28. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1990
No Data <10% 10%–14%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
29. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1991
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
30. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1992
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
31. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1993
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
32. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1994
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
33. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1995
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
34. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1996
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
35. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1997
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
36. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1998
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
37. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1999
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
38. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2000
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≥20
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
39. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2001
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
40. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2002
41. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2003
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%
42. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2004
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
43. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2005
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
44. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2006
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
45. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2007
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
46. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2008
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
47. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 2009
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5’ 4” person)
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
48. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
1999
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults
BRFSS, 1985, 1990, 1999, 2009
(*BMI 30, or about 30 lbs. overweight for 5’4” person)
2009
1990
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% 25%–29% ≥30%
1985
52. Link between obesity and diabetes?
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00
Incidenceofobesity(%)
Incidence of diabetes (%)
Relationship between rates of incidence of obesity
and diabetes in the USA 1989 - 2009
53. Link between obesity and diabetes?
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00
Incidenceofobesity(%)
Incidence of diabetes (%)
Relationship between rates of incidence of obesity
and diabetes in the USA 1989 - 2009
54. Smoking
Cigarette smoking is the greatest single cause of illness
and premature death in the UK. Smoking reduces life
expectancy by up to 10 years. Smoking-related deaths
are mainly due to cancers and serious heart and lung
problems.
Lung Cancer: 80% of cases are smoking related
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). –
a serious lung disease
Heart disease is the biggest killer illness in the UK
Other conditions where smoking often causes
worse symptoms include: asthma, colds, flu, chest
infections etc.
55. Alcohol and Drugs
In the UK deaths due to alcohol related diseases have
risen considerably over the last 20 years or so. This is
because both heavy and binge drinking have become
more common
Liver, stomach and heart diseases
High Blood pressure linked to obesity
Drugs create a psychological dependence and a
physical dependence. There is no illegal drug that
does not have serious adverse consequences to our
health and well being.
56. What are schools and local communities doing to reduce obesity?
The 5 Hour offer: For 5-16 year olds the government
would like 2 hours high quality curriculum PE and 3 hours
of sport beyond the curriculum delivered through a range
of school, community and club providers
Healthier food - Jamie Oliver
PESSCL Strategy: PE and School Sports Club Links:
Strengthening links between schools and clubs to move young
people on through the system and encourage participation.
Sports Colleges: Promoting sport in a family of schools
Active England:a £100m programme, funded by Sport England and
The Big Lottery Fund to support projects that increase participation.
57.
58.
59.
60. • Sportivate is an Olympic Legacy programme running
up to 2017
• Helps local people organise exciting 6-8 week sports
programmes for young people.
• Sportivate offers funding for activities that are
organised because young people want to try them.
• E.g. Free Running, Snow Boarding, Dodgeball or
Climbing.
• It's about putting on activities that 11-25 year old
will be interested in and ensuring there are places for
young people to carry on that activity after the 6 to 8
week project.
61.
62.
63.
64. 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity'
the ability to meet the demands of our
environment
planned, structured physical activity that
enhances our physical, mental, and social health
and fitness
'a state of being healthy, happy and prosperous'
Exercise is the central link between Health, Fitness
and Well-being. It improves the physical, social and
psychological aspects of an individual.
Some often used terms and what links them
Health
Fitness
Exercise
Well-being
65. Fitness and Fitness Testing
• Components of
fitness
– Health Related: CV
Endurance,
Muscular
endurance, strength,
flexibility
– Skill related:
Agility, balance,
speed, power,
reaction time, co-
ordination
Why test?
•Base-line tests are used to get
initial information
•Re-tests are used to get
subsequent information
•Results give info as where the
performer is NOW
•Identify strengths &
weaknesses
•Show progress
•Give the coach info for team
selection
•Give the coach info for
position selection
•Motivate the performer
TESTS – name
some!
Lab v field tests
Lab tests
More accurate
Specialist equipment & facilities
Can be expensive
1:1 analysis
Field tests
Less accurate
Simple equipment & facilities
Cheaper
Can be done with larger groups
of performers (eg school
groups)
A SEDENTARY person
is someone who does no
physical activity (a
couch-potato)
Which fitness tests
that you have done
might not be suitable
for a sedentary
individual?
Which tests would be
OK?
66. What provision for sport is available in our area?
Teams? Leagues? Level? Turn up and play? Age
involved? Which sports? Range?
Fitness activities?
70. What different types of activity are there
and why do people participate in them?
Competitive Sport: Where performance is very
important. This has organised leagues, referees, marked
pitches and strict rules. Sport may be a Job for some as
well as competitive activity they enjoy.
Active Recreation/Leisure/:Where active participation
is important rather than performance standards.
Health and Well Being: This may be due to personal
choice(to improve body image or self esteem or
purely enjoyment) or medical recommendation (GP
Referral, cardiac rehabilitation). It can be:
a) Scientific – based on a training programme
b) Ad-hoc – unstructured – whenever you get time
71. Approaches to Sport/ Health Activities
Scientific:
Following a strict and
scientifically based
training regime with a
set aim in mind
Ad-Hoc: unstructured
Training or exercising
in a random fashion
without any real
planning or particular
goal
Highly Effective but
often less enjoyable Less effective but
often more enjoyable
73. Competitive Sport
(performance)
Active Recreation
Leisure
Health, Fitness, Well-being, GP
Referrals, Improving body image
(enjoyment/medical/health)
May be
unstructured
and simple
organisation
Unscientific?
Highly Organised
and structured –
leagues etc.
Representative
Honours
Scientific
A Performance
Pyramid
Mass Participation – Grass Roots sport
Excellence – Elite Sport
74. Mass Participation
Sporting Excellence
Using a Performance Pyramid like the one above
discuss the following:
• What are the motives for a performer at each level of
the pyramid?
•Using an example explain how it is possible for an
activity to feature at different levels of the pyramid. If
so how will it be different?
Recreation/Leisure
75. In my chosen sport how would someone get involved
locally and then what would be their development
pathway?
Primary school or local Tots
club (parental support)
Secondary school –
teams or local junior
clubs
Rossendale Schools Team
Age group teams –
U11, U14, U16
Coach might
recommend for trials
Scoutsfromlocalteams
County/Regional
Representation
Poss. professional
club
National
Representation
Players may also wish to follow a
coaching role in their sport. This is
supported by many current
initiatives and usually coaching
courses can be paid for. The
Government are very keen to
develop Young Leaders especially
as a legacy of the 2012 Olympics.
80. Single System
• The Single System is the
development pathway for
players, coaches and officials
of all ages and abilities to
reach their full potential.
• It is based on Long Term
Athlete Development (LTAD)
principles that put the
participant at the centre of all
decisions, with extensive
scientific research that has
been widely accepted by the
majority of other major sports
within England
81. Promoting Sport in the UK
Elite Sport
UK Sport - No Compromise -
World Class Performance
Pathway (Podium, Development,
Talent)
Talent Identification Team:
Girls for Gold
Tall and Talented
Fighting Chance
Paralympic Potential
EIS Support for Athletes
Mass Participation
Sport England – Grow, Sustain,
Excel
NGB – Grow their sport –
Active people survey
School Sports Partnerships:
SSCO, PESSYP/ PESSCL
„The 5 hour offer‟
“Playground to podium” – nurturing
disabled young people and adults
with potential to be elite athletes.
National Lottery Funding and money from Central
Government(DCMS) – CCPR represents sport to government
82. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
53
49
44
41
32
20
9
35 36 34
32
28
17
6
Men
Women
Age
Overall, according to self-reported data, 39% of men and 29% of women met the
government’s physical activity recommendations (30 minutes moderate physical
activity, 5 times a week) in 2008. Objective accelerometer data, collected for the first
time in 2008, showed that actually only 6% of men and 4% of women met the
recommendations. Self-reported data is influenced by the respondent’s ability to
accurately recall and assess their physical activity
84. Define the concepts of
leisure?
• Defined: time during which you have no
obligations to work or to family, and are
free to engage in self-directed and chosen
activities
• Something that is engaged during freetime
– free from obligations
• A time when you engage in freely chosen
activities
• Used for ease and relaxation
• Done for enjoyment
85. Recreation Definition
• “Enaged in activities that refresh, relax or
enable the re-creation of oneself after the
rigours or work or day to day life!”
• As people in the world’s healthier regions
lead increasingly sedentary lifestyles, the
need for recreation has increased.
• The rise of so called active vacations
exemplifies this!
86. Physical activity continuum
• Level of organisation
Play Leisure Physical Rec/Active Leisure Outdoor PE Sport
Least organised most organised
• Competition
Play Leisure Outdoor Physical Rec/Active Leisure PE Sport
Least competitive most competitive
93. Reasons For Increased
Participation
• INCREASED LEISURE TIME - people
nowadays have much more leisure time
than in the past.
• Some people like to spend this time
visiting health and fitness clubs whilst
others prefer a walk in the countryside.
• People are much more mobile now so a
visit to the seaside for example is easy
to access.
• There are several reasons for this
increase in leisure time.
94. • THE SHORTER WORKING WEEK - in the UK
today workers work 37 hours per week or less.
During the 1960‟s it was common to work
between 40 and 44 hours.
• TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES - technology
has reduced the hours it used to take to do
many jobs. There are also other benefits for
example advances in medicine has meant
people are living longer and therefore able to
take part in leisure and sporting activities
beyond retirement age.
• EARLY RETIREMENT - more people now take
an early retirement than ever before
• UNEMPLOYMENT - unemployment gives
people time to take part in sport and leisure
activities. However money can be an issue.
98. What affects people‟s Lifestyle Choices?
What makes us decide whether to be active
or inactive? (Factors affecting participation)
Media/ Marketing
Class
Disability/Ability
Race/Tradition
Education
Age
Money
Sex/Gender
Provision
Opportunity
Self - Esteem
Also family support and
Peer pressure have a
strong impact.
99. What affects people‟s Lifestyle Choices?
What makes us decide whether to be active or
eat healthily, smoke or take drugs?
Media
Education
Class/Finance
Age
Race/Tradition
Individual Differences(Body Image)
Sex/Gender
Disability
Provision/availability of facilities
Family/Friends
ME CAR
IS
D
Pink
Ferarri
100. Moving from an inactive
lifestyle to active….
• (a) Identify three health screening
procedures that could be carried out
prior to a sedentary individual
undertaking a structured exercise
programme. [3]
101. PAR-Q
• Physical Activity Readiness
Questionnaire (PAR-Q)
• For most people, physical activity should not pose
any problem or hazard. PAR-Q is designed to
identify the small number of adults for whom
physical activity might be inappropriate or those
who should have medical advice concerning the
type of activity most suitable for them.
• Common sense is the best guide in answering these
few questions.
102. • Has your doctor ever said that you have a bone or joint problem, such as arthritis, that has
been aggravated by exercise or might be made worse with exercise? Yes/No
• Do you have high blood pressure? Yes/No
• Do you have low blood pressure? Yes/No
• Do you have Diabetes Mellitus or any other metabolic disease? Yes/No
• Has your doctor ever said that you have raised cholesterol (serum level above
6.2mmol/L)? Yes/No
• Has your doctor ever said that you have a heart condition and that you should only do physical
activity recommended by your doctor? Yes/No
• Have you ever felt pain in your chest when you do physical exercise? Yes/No
• Is your doctor currently prescribing you drugs or medication? Yes/No
• Have you ever suffered from unusual shortness of breath at rest or with mild exertion?Yes/No
• Is there any history of Coronary Heart Disease in your family? Yes/No
• Do you often feel faint, have spells of severe dizziness or have lost consciousness? Yes/No
• Do you currently drink more than the average amount of alcohol per week (21 units for men
and 14 units for women)? Yes/No
• Do you currently smoke? Yes/No
• Do you currently exercise on a regular basis (at least 3 times a week) and work in a job that is
physically demanding? Yes/No
• Are you, or is there any possibility that you might be pregnant? Yes/No
• Do you know of any other reason why you should not participate in a programme of physical
activity? Yes/No
PARQ
103. Other answers....
• Monitoring resting heart rate
• Measurement of blood pressure
• Cholesterol or % body fat testing
• BMI measurement
• Sub-maximal fitness testing (e.g. Harvard step
test)
• E.C.G
• Blood testing (if specific reason is provided)
• M.R.I. Scanning
• Urine check (if specified)
104. Exam Style Questions
1. Explain why cholesterol lipoprotein ratios
are an important indicator of the health status
of an individual? (4)
2. Explain three potential health risks
associated with a high percentage of body fat.
(6)
105. 3. Explain how various national and local
authority schemes are being used in your local
schools and wider communities to improve the
health status of the population. (6)
4. Competitive sport, active recreation and a
balanced diet are seen as key factors in
promoting health, fitness and well-being.
Why are active recreation and balanced diet
key factors in combating obesity in the UK?
(6)
106. 5. Using appropriate examples, what have been
the main influences on your lifestyle choices? (6)
6. Explain the provision and athlete/player
development pathway that is available for a
competitive sport in your locality. (4)
7. Government health figures indicate that
approximately 1.7 million children will be obese
in the U.K. by 2010.
Explain the potential health risks to these children
in later life and what lifestyle choices could
reduce the estimated obesity figures. (10)