This document discusses supply, including the law of supply, supply schedules and curves, determinants of supply, and supply elasticity. The key points are:
1) The law of supply states that the quantity supplied varies directly with price - producers will supply more of a product as the price increases.
2) Supply curves show the different quantities producers will supply at different price points. They are generally upward sloping.
3) Determinants that can shift the supply curve include factor costs, technology, regulations, expectations, and the number of firms in the industry. Anything that impacts production costs or ability will shift the supply curve.
Individual supply is the supply of an individual producer at each price. Market supply is the sum of the individual supply schedules of all producers in the industry
Individual supply is the supply of an individual producer at each price. Market supply is the sum of the individual supply schedules of all producers in the industry
Supply content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
Subtopics:
Intro to Supply
The Supply Curve
Why is the Supply Curve Upward Sloping?
Determinants of Supply
Joint Supply
Supply and Demand GuideTo solve the homework problems do the f.docxcalvins9
Supply and Demand Guide
To solve the homework problems do the following:
1. Identify the determinant change
2. Shift the appropriate curve in the correct direction
3. Change price appropriately
4. Move along the other curve (the one that did not shift) in response to the price change.
The following information will tell you the determinants and how the change, as well as definitions of the key terms.
Demand
Demand: The amount that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices.
Law of Demand: Price and Quantity Demanded vary inversely.
Quantity Demanded: The amount that consumers are willing and able to buy at a particular price.
Change in Quantity Demanded: Changes in price change the quantity demanded. This is a Movement Along a Demand Curve in Response to a Price Change.
Change in Demand: This is a shift in the position of the demand curve, either upward or downward. If the curve shifts upward, consumers are saying they will pay more for all quantities of the good or service. If it shifts downward, consumers are saying they will pay less for all quantities of the good or service.
Determinants of Demand: The Demand Curve will shift only when one (or more) of the Determinants of Demand changes. These determinants are:
1. Size of Market: the number of consumers in the market for the good or service. If this factor increases, the curve shifts upward (increase in demand). If this decreases, the curve shifts downward (decrease in demand).
2. Consumer Tastes and Preferences: if these shift in favor of a product, the demand curve shifts upward (demand increases); if these shift against a product, the demand curve shifts downward (demand decreases).
3. Consumer Income: as the income of consumers increase, consumers purchase more of all normal goods (assume all the goods in the homework are normal goods), this shifts the demand curve upward (demand increases); if income decreases, then consumers buy less of all normal goods, this shifts the demand curve downward (demand decreases).
4. Prices of Related Goods:
a. Complimentary Goods: These are goods that are used to together like peanut butter and jelly. If the price of peanut butter goes up, the Quantity Demanded of peanut butter will decrease (a movement along a demand curve in response to a price change). However, the Demand for jelly will decline (decrease in demand) as fewer people buy it to go with the peanut butter, since they are buying less peanut butter.
b. Substitute Goods: These are goods that are used in place of each other. If the price of Coke Cola goes up, the Quantity Demanded of Coke does down (a movement along the demand curve). But the Demand for Pepsi – the substitute good – goes up as people substitute the lower priced Pepsi for the higher priced Coke (the Pepsi demand curve shifts upward).
5. Expectations about the Future: If people have a positive view of the future they will consumer more and save less. This shifts th.
Supply and Demand GuideTo solve the homework problems do the f.docxpicklesvalery
Supply and Demand Guide
To solve the homework problems do the following:
1. Identify the determinant change
2. Shift the appropriate curve in the correct direction
3. Change price appropriately
4. Move along the other curve (the one that did not shift) in response to the price change.
The following information will tell you the determinants and how the change, as well as definitions of the key terms.
Demand
Demand: The amount that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices.
Law of Demand: Price and Quantity Demanded vary inversely.
Quantity Demanded: The amount that consumers are willing and able to buy at a particular price.
Change in Quantity Demanded: Changes in price change the quantity demanded. This is a Movement Along a Demand Curve in Response to a Price Change.
Change in Demand: This is a shift in the position of the demand curve, either upward or downward. If the curve shifts upward, consumers are saying they will pay more for all quantities of the good or service. If it shifts downward, consumers are saying they will pay less for all quantities of the good or service.
Determinants of Demand: The Demand Curve will shift only when one (or more) of the Determinants of Demand changes. These determinants are:
1. Size of Market: the number of consumers in the market for the good or service. If this factor increases, the curve shifts upward (increase in demand). If this decreases, the curve shifts downward (decrease in demand).
2. Consumer Tastes and Preferences: if these shift in favor of a product, the demand curve shifts upward (demand increases); if these shift against a product, the demand curve shifts downward (demand decreases).
3. Consumer Income: as the income of consumers increase, consumers purchase more of all normal goods (assume all the goods in the homework are normal goods), this shifts the demand curve upward (demand increases); if income decreases, then consumers buy less of all normal goods, this shifts the demand curve downward (demand decreases).
4. Prices of Related Goods:
a. Complimentary Goods: These are goods that are used to together like peanut butter and jelly. If the price of peanut butter goes up, the Quantity Demanded of peanut butter will decrease (a movement along a demand curve in response to a price change). However, the Demand for jelly will decline (decrease in demand) as fewer people buy it to go with the peanut butter, since they are buying less peanut butter.
b. Substitute Goods: These are goods that are used in place of each other. If the price of Coke Cola goes up, the Quantity Demanded of Coke does down (a movement along the demand curve). But the Demand for Pepsi – the substitute good – goes up as people substitute the lower priced Pepsi for the higher priced Coke (the Pepsi demand curve shifts upward).
5. Expectations about the Future: If people have a positive view of the future they will consumer more and save less. This shifts th ...
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2. Supply
Demand is usually a much easier concept for
students because it deals with the
consumption side of the economy—and
students are familiar with being consumers.
Now you have to change roles to understand
supply. Think as a business owner. What
would you want to do if you owned a
business and you were on the production
side of the economy?
3. Supply
The Law of Supply—The quantity of a
product supplied varies directly with price,
ceteris paribus.
--This means the producer will increase their
supply as price goes up, other factors held
constant.
4. Supply
Individual Supply Schedule—A chart or table
that lists the quantity that one supplier will
produce at each given price
Market Supply Schedule– A chart or table
that lists the quantity that all producers within
an industry or market will produce at each
given price
5. Supply
Supply curve—Graph that represents the
different quantities that will be supplied at
each given price (there are individual and
market supply curves, just as there are
individual or market supply schedules)
7. Change in Quantity Supplied
This is a movement ALONG the curve
resulting from a change in price
As prices change, producers will be willing to
produce more or less (depending on the
direction of the price change) resulting in a
new point on the same graph
9. Change in Supply
Change in supply is when there is a shift in
the entire supply curve resulting from some
outside force that changes the amount of a
product supplied at each given point
10. Change in Supply
Cost—how much the supplier must pay to
make the item
Price—how much the supplier will earn when
they sell the item
11. Change in Supply
Say you are a producer. What would cause
you to produce MORE or LESS of a product,
even though the price (how much you will
earn when you sell the product) doesn’t
change at all?
12. Change in Supply
Determinants of Supply—Forces that will
cause the entire supply curve to shift either
left or right (so producers will produce more
or less, even though the price of the product
has not changed)
13. Determinants of Supply
Factor costs—if the cost of production
increases, the selling price will have to rise to
cover these costs
--so anything that will affect the cost of ANY
of the factors of production (land, labor,
capital) will shift the curve
14. Determinants of Supply
Technology and regulations—new production
technology can lower the cost of production;
regulations and requirements implemented
by the government will raise the cost of
production
15. Determinants of Supply
Expectations—future expectations of the
market or industry may cause a firm to adjust
its quantity supplied
The number of firms—when more firms enter
the industry, more of the good can be offered
at each price
16. Determinants of Supply
The bottom line—
ANYTHING that changes how long it takes to
produce or how much it costs to produce will
change supply and shift the supply curve
17. Movement of the Supply Curve
If it costs more to make an item, will you
make more or less?
LESS, so the curve shifts LEFT (just like the
demand curve)
If is costs less to make an item, will you
make more or less?
MORE, so the curve shifts RIGHT (just like
the demand curve)
19. Supply Elasticity
Supply curves, like demand curves, have
different slops.
They can be more vertical or more
horizontal, and this is due to differences in
supply elasticity.
However, the determinants of a product’s
supply elasticity is different than the
determinants for demand elasticity.
20. Supply Elasticity
Supply elasticity is a measure of the way in which
quantity supplied responds to a change in price.
Elastic supply—a small change in price results in a
relatively larger change in quantity supplied
Inelastic supply—a small change in price results in a
proportionally smaller change in quantity supplied
Unit Elastic—a change in price results in a
proportionally equal change in Qs
21. Elastic Supply
Occurs when price changes are met with
proportionally larger changes in Qs
The price changes, and the producer
responds by increasing production.
The producer has the capability and capacity
to increase production, there are no (or few)
limits on how much they can produce.
22. Elastic Supply
More horizontal
Price changes, and Qs responds even more
23. Inelastic Supply
Occurs when changes in price is met with a
proportionally smaller change in Qs
Even if the producer wanted to increase or
decrease Qs, they can’t.
There must be some sort of technical or
natural constraint that will not allow
producers increase production.
24. Inelastic Supply
More vertical
Producers do not have much control over Qs,
even if prices change
25. Determinants of Supply Elasticity
The nature of its production is the only
determinant to supply elasticity.
If a firm can adjust to new prices quickly,
then supply is likely to be elastic.
If the nature of production is such that
adjustments take longer, then supply is likely
to be inelastic.