Internet Technology Lectures
HTTP & HTTPS
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube link: https://youtu.be/I8QOWD_GH5g
HTTP is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative hypermedia information systems. It is based on the client-server model and uses TCP/IP protocols. HTTP functions by having clients make requests to servers, which respond with status codes and requested resources. Key aspects of HTTP include its stateless and connectionless nature, as well as its use of request methods like GET and POST.
Tim Berners-Lee outlined the advantages of a hypertext-based, linked information system in March 1989 and named his project "Enquire". By the end of 1990, Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau created the first Web browsers and servers and designed the first version of HTTP. HTTP sits atop the TCP/IP protocol stack and allows for the delivery of HTTP messages over reliable TCP connections. HTTP requests use methods like GET and POST while responses use status codes to indicate the result.
Hypertext transfer protocol and hypertext transfer protocol secure(HTTP and H...rahul kundu
The document defines HTTP and HTTPS. HTTP is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that provides communication between web browsers and servers. It is unsecured and transmits data in plain text. HTTPS is HTTP secured with SSL/TLS encryption to provide security. Key differences are that HTTPS uses port 443 instead of HTTP's port 80, establishes an encrypted channel, and verifies servers with certificates to protect against attacks.
This presentation is a basic insight into the Application Layer Protocols i.e. Http & Https. I was asked to do this as a part of an interview round in one of the networking company.
-Kudos
Harshad Taware
Bangalore ,India
This document provides an overview of the HTTP protocol. It discusses that HTTP has been used by the World Wide Web since 1990 to enable communication between web browsers and servers. It describes some popular web servers like Apache and clients like Firefox. It explains the basic operation of HTTP including requests with methods like GET and responses with status codes. It also discusses URLs, URIs, and different versions of HTTP from 0.9 to 1.1.
HTTP defines a client-server model for communication between browsers and web servers. A browser sends HTTP requests to a web server for web pages and objects. The server responds with HTTP responses containing the requested objects. HTTP uses TCP for reliable transmission and defines request and response message formats. Requests contain headers like Accept specifying object types. Responses contain status codes, headers like Content-Type, and the requested object data.
HTTP is a client-server protocol that allows web browsers to request web pages from servers using requests and responses. Clients usually use GET or POST methods to request resources from servers using TCP port 80, and servers respond with status messages and the requested content. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that uses encryption via SSL and TCP port 443 to securely transmit sensitive information like usernames and passwords over insecure networks like the internet.
HTTP is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative hypermedia information systems. It is based on the client-server model and uses TCP/IP protocols. HTTP functions by having clients make requests to servers, which respond with status codes and requested resources. Key aspects of HTTP include its stateless and connectionless nature, as well as its use of request methods like GET and POST.
Tim Berners-Lee outlined the advantages of a hypertext-based, linked information system in March 1989 and named his project "Enquire". By the end of 1990, Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau created the first Web browsers and servers and designed the first version of HTTP. HTTP sits atop the TCP/IP protocol stack and allows for the delivery of HTTP messages over reliable TCP connections. HTTP requests use methods like GET and POST while responses use status codes to indicate the result.
Hypertext transfer protocol and hypertext transfer protocol secure(HTTP and H...rahul kundu
The document defines HTTP and HTTPS. HTTP is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that provides communication between web browsers and servers. It is unsecured and transmits data in plain text. HTTPS is HTTP secured with SSL/TLS encryption to provide security. Key differences are that HTTPS uses port 443 instead of HTTP's port 80, establishes an encrypted channel, and verifies servers with certificates to protect against attacks.
This presentation is a basic insight into the Application Layer Protocols i.e. Http & Https. I was asked to do this as a part of an interview round in one of the networking company.
-Kudos
Harshad Taware
Bangalore ,India
This document provides an overview of the HTTP protocol. It discusses that HTTP has been used by the World Wide Web since 1990 to enable communication between web browsers and servers. It describes some popular web servers like Apache and clients like Firefox. It explains the basic operation of HTTP including requests with methods like GET and responses with status codes. It also discusses URLs, URIs, and different versions of HTTP from 0.9 to 1.1.
HTTP defines a client-server model for communication between browsers and web servers. A browser sends HTTP requests to a web server for web pages and objects. The server responds with HTTP responses containing the requested objects. HTTP uses TCP for reliable transmission and defines request and response message formats. Requests contain headers like Accept specifying object types. Responses contain status codes, headers like Content-Type, and the requested object data.
HTTP is a client-server protocol that allows web browsers to request web pages from servers using requests and responses. Clients usually use GET or POST methods to request resources from servers using TCP port 80, and servers respond with status messages and the requested content. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that uses encryption via SSL and TCP port 443 to securely transmit sensitive information like usernames and passwords over insecure networks like the internet.
HTTP is the protocol used to deliver web pages over the internet. It uses a request/response model where clients make HTTP requests to servers, which respond with HTTP responses. Common HTTP request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, and HEAD. A request contains an initial line specifying the method, URL, and protocol version. A response contains a status line with the protocol version, status code, and description. Common status codes include 2xx for success, 3xx for redirects, 4xx for client errors, and 5xx for server errors.
HTTP is a request-response protocol for transferring data over the internet. It was introduced by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN. The client submits an HTTP request to the server, which responds with status information and requested content. HTTP uses TCP for network connectivity and relies on DNS to connect clients to servers. HTTP 1.0 defined GET, POST, and HEAD methods, while HTTP 1.1 added PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, and CONNECT. Persistent connections allow multiple requests/responses over a single TCP connection, improving efficiency versus non-persistent connections requiring separate TCP for each transaction.
Overview of HTTP, HTML, WWW and web technologies.
The combo HTTP and HTML is the foundation of the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) defines a text-based format for describing the contents of a web page. HTML is based on tags similar to XML (eXtensible Markup Language), but its definition is less strict.
HTML pages are transported with the HTTP protocol (HyperText Transmission Protocol) over TCP/IP based networks.
The power of the WWW comes with the links based on URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) that connect pages to form a web of content.
Browsers display links as clickable items that, when clicked, trigger the browser to load the web page pointed to by the link.
This statelessness contributed a lot to the stability and scalability of the world wide web where web servers are only tasked with the delivery of web pages while the browser is responsible for the rendering of web pages.
The static nature of the early World Wide Web was soon augmented with the dynamic creation of web pages by web servers or by enriching static web pages with dynamic content.
Technologies like CGI (Common Gateway Interface), JSP (Java Server Pages) or ASP (Active Server Pages) were developed to provide the infrastructure to build dynamic web applications.
These server-side technologies were complemented with client-side technologies like Javascript and AJAX (Asynchronous Javascript And XML).
Web page caching is an important mechanism to reduce latency in loading web pages and reducing network traffic.
HTTP defines different caching control mechanisms. Simpler caching methods are based on web page expiry dates while more complex mechanisms use web page validation.
HTTP is a protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents across the internet. It uses a client-server model where a web browser makes HTTP requests to a web server. The server then responds with the requested resources.
HTTP uses TCP/IP and the default port is 80. Requests have a method line specifying the request method (GET, POST, etc.), URL, and HTTP version. Responses have a status line with the HTTP version, status code, and reason phrase. Both include optional header lines and message body. Common methods are GET to retrieve a resource and POST to submit data to a server. Status codes indicate if a request was successful or encountered an error.
The document provides an overview of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) including:
- HTTP is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems that facilitates information transfer across the internet.
- A URL uniquely identifies resources over the web and consists of the protocol, hostname, port, and path/file name.
- HTTP uses a request-response model where a client sends a request and the server returns a response. Common request methods are GET, POST, HEAD.
- Responses contain a status line indicating success or error, and headers providing metadata about the response.
HTTP is an application-layer protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents across the internet. It is a stateless protocol that can be used on any reliable transport layer. HTTP uses requests and responses between clients and servers, with common methods including GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. It supports features like caching, cookies, authentication, and more to enable the web as we know it.
This document discusses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and how it enables communication on the World Wide Web. It begins by explaining some key concepts like URLs, web pages, and objects. It then describes how HTTP uses a client-server model where clients like web browsers make requests to servers, which respond with requested objects. The document outlines both non-persistent and persistent HTTP, how they establish TCP connections, and how persistent HTTP can improve performance. It also examines HTTP request and response messages, status codes, and how cookies can be used to maintain state across client-server interactions.
This document provides an overview of HTTP and HTTPS. It discusses how HTTPS adds encryption to HTTP using SSL certificates to securely transmit data over the internet. The document outlines the key differences between HTTP and HTTPS such as HTTP using port 80 while HTTPS uses port 443 and HTTP not using encryption while HTTPS encrypts traffic. It also briefly discusses how browsers can identify secure HTTPS connections and some disadvantages of HTTPS compared to HTTP.
HTTP is the protocol of the web, and in this session we will look at HTTP from a web developer's perspective. We will cover resources, messages, cookies, and authentication protocols and we will see how the web scales to meet demand using cache headers. Armed with the fundamentals about HTTP, you will have the knowledge not only to build better Web/Mobile applications but also for consuming Web API.
HTTP headers carry important information in web requests and responses between browsers and servers. They define the request and response details like the request method, resources used, sender and receiver details, and content type. Common HTTP headers provide information on the request method, resources consumed, sender and destination, and content type. Tools like the Live HTTP Headers browser add-on or inspect element can be used to view HTTP headers and their carried information.
This document provides an overview of HTTP including:
- HTTP is a stateless protocol that does not require servers to retain user information across requests.
- Popular HTTP proxy tools like Fiddler and Burp Suite can be used to inspect and debug HTTP traffic.
- Key parts of HTTP include requests methods, response codes, headers for accepting content types, encoding, authentication, and more.
- Common players that interact with HTTP include web servers, load balancers, caching servers, CDNs, and security tools.
HTTP is a protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents across the internet. It uses a client-server model where browsers make HTTP requests to web servers, which respond with HTTP responses. Key aspects of HTTP include using TCP/IP for communication, being stateless, supporting a variety of data types, and incorporating features of both FTP and SMTP protocols.
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol used mainly to access data on the World Wide Web.
HTTP functions as a combination of FTP and SMTP.
It is similar to FTP because it transfers files and uses the services of TCP.
It is much simpler than FTP because it uses only one TCP connection.
There is no separate control connection; only data are transferred between the client and the server.
HTTP is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative hypermedia systems that has been used by the World Wide Web since 1990. The initial HTTP/0.9 version provided a simple protocol for raw data transfer, while HTTP/1.0 introduced MIME-like messages to include meta information and request/response modifiers. HTTP/1.0 did not sufficiently account for hierarchical proxies, caching, persistent connections or virtual hosts. HTTP sits at the top of the TCP/IP stack and uses ports to carry protocols between services, with HTTP typically using port 80. An HTTP message is delivered over a TCP/IP connection by chopping the message into chunks small enough to fit in TCP segments, which are then sent inside IP datagrams
The document summarizes a presentation on web technology focusing on HTTP servers and protocols. It discusses how the internet and world wide web work, URL structures, HTTP as the application layer protocol for web clients and servers in a request-response model, and how HTTP connections can be non-persistent or persistent. It also covers HTTP request and response messages, status codes, cookies for maintaining state, and web caching.
HTTP is a stateless protocol that uses a request/response model for communication. A client sends a request via a URL to a server, which responds with status codes and content. Common request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. Responses have status codes like 200 for success and 404 for not found. Caching of responses helps improve performance. HTTPS provides encryption for secure communication via SSL/TLS certificates.
HTTP is the foundation of web communication and uses port 80. It includes request methods like GET, POST, and DELETE that perform functions like retrieving data, submitting forms, and deleting resources. HTTP status codes inform clients about the server response, including categories for informational, success, redirection, client errors, and server errors. HTTPS is the secure version that uses port 443 and SSL/TLS encryption with certificates from an authority to securely exchange data.
The document discusses HTTP request and response messages. Some key points:
- HTTP is a stateless, client-server protocol where clients send requests to servers and servers return response messages. Requests use methods like GET and POST and URLs to identify resources.
- Request messages contain a start line with the method, URL, and HTTP version, followed by header lines. Response messages contain a start line with the status code and reason, followed by header lines and an optional body.
- Common status codes include 200 for success, 404 for not found, 401 for unauthorized, and 500 for server errors.
- HTML forms can send data via GET by adding parameters to the URL or POST by placing them in the
The document discusses several application layer protocols used in TCP/IP including HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and Telnet. HTTP is used to access resources on the world wide web over port 80 and is stateless. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts communications over port 443. FTP is used to transfer files between hosts but sends data and passwords in clear text. Telnet allows users to access programs on remote computers.
HTTP is a protocol used to access data on the World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee initially developed HTTP in 1989 while working at CERN. HTTP follows a client-server model where a client (usually a web browser) sends an HTTP request to a server, which then returns an HTTP response. The standard port for HTTP is 80. HTTP allows for the transfer of text, audio, video, and other data over the internet.
HTTP is the protocol used to deliver web pages over the internet. It uses a request/response model where clients make HTTP requests to servers, which respond with HTTP responses. Common HTTP request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, and HEAD. A request contains an initial line specifying the method, URL, and protocol version. A response contains a status line with the protocol version, status code, and description. Common status codes include 2xx for success, 3xx for redirects, 4xx for client errors, and 5xx for server errors.
HTTP is a request-response protocol for transferring data over the internet. It was introduced by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN. The client submits an HTTP request to the server, which responds with status information and requested content. HTTP uses TCP for network connectivity and relies on DNS to connect clients to servers. HTTP 1.0 defined GET, POST, and HEAD methods, while HTTP 1.1 added PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, and CONNECT. Persistent connections allow multiple requests/responses over a single TCP connection, improving efficiency versus non-persistent connections requiring separate TCP for each transaction.
Overview of HTTP, HTML, WWW and web technologies.
The combo HTTP and HTML is the foundation of the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) defines a text-based format for describing the contents of a web page. HTML is based on tags similar to XML (eXtensible Markup Language), but its definition is less strict.
HTML pages are transported with the HTTP protocol (HyperText Transmission Protocol) over TCP/IP based networks.
The power of the WWW comes with the links based on URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) that connect pages to form a web of content.
Browsers display links as clickable items that, when clicked, trigger the browser to load the web page pointed to by the link.
This statelessness contributed a lot to the stability and scalability of the world wide web where web servers are only tasked with the delivery of web pages while the browser is responsible for the rendering of web pages.
The static nature of the early World Wide Web was soon augmented with the dynamic creation of web pages by web servers or by enriching static web pages with dynamic content.
Technologies like CGI (Common Gateway Interface), JSP (Java Server Pages) or ASP (Active Server Pages) were developed to provide the infrastructure to build dynamic web applications.
These server-side technologies were complemented with client-side technologies like Javascript and AJAX (Asynchronous Javascript And XML).
Web page caching is an important mechanism to reduce latency in loading web pages and reducing network traffic.
HTTP defines different caching control mechanisms. Simpler caching methods are based on web page expiry dates while more complex mechanisms use web page validation.
HTTP is a protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents across the internet. It uses a client-server model where a web browser makes HTTP requests to a web server. The server then responds with the requested resources.
HTTP uses TCP/IP and the default port is 80. Requests have a method line specifying the request method (GET, POST, etc.), URL, and HTTP version. Responses have a status line with the HTTP version, status code, and reason phrase. Both include optional header lines and message body. Common methods are GET to retrieve a resource and POST to submit data to a server. Status codes indicate if a request was successful or encountered an error.
The document provides an overview of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) including:
- HTTP is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems that facilitates information transfer across the internet.
- A URL uniquely identifies resources over the web and consists of the protocol, hostname, port, and path/file name.
- HTTP uses a request-response model where a client sends a request and the server returns a response. Common request methods are GET, POST, HEAD.
- Responses contain a status line indicating success or error, and headers providing metadata about the response.
HTTP is an application-layer protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents across the internet. It is a stateless protocol that can be used on any reliable transport layer. HTTP uses requests and responses between clients and servers, with common methods including GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. It supports features like caching, cookies, authentication, and more to enable the web as we know it.
This document discusses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and how it enables communication on the World Wide Web. It begins by explaining some key concepts like URLs, web pages, and objects. It then describes how HTTP uses a client-server model where clients like web browsers make requests to servers, which respond with requested objects. The document outlines both non-persistent and persistent HTTP, how they establish TCP connections, and how persistent HTTP can improve performance. It also examines HTTP request and response messages, status codes, and how cookies can be used to maintain state across client-server interactions.
This document provides an overview of HTTP and HTTPS. It discusses how HTTPS adds encryption to HTTP using SSL certificates to securely transmit data over the internet. The document outlines the key differences between HTTP and HTTPS such as HTTP using port 80 while HTTPS uses port 443 and HTTP not using encryption while HTTPS encrypts traffic. It also briefly discusses how browsers can identify secure HTTPS connections and some disadvantages of HTTPS compared to HTTP.
HTTP is the protocol of the web, and in this session we will look at HTTP from a web developer's perspective. We will cover resources, messages, cookies, and authentication protocols and we will see how the web scales to meet demand using cache headers. Armed with the fundamentals about HTTP, you will have the knowledge not only to build better Web/Mobile applications but also for consuming Web API.
HTTP headers carry important information in web requests and responses between browsers and servers. They define the request and response details like the request method, resources used, sender and receiver details, and content type. Common HTTP headers provide information on the request method, resources consumed, sender and destination, and content type. Tools like the Live HTTP Headers browser add-on or inspect element can be used to view HTTP headers and their carried information.
This document provides an overview of HTTP including:
- HTTP is a stateless protocol that does not require servers to retain user information across requests.
- Popular HTTP proxy tools like Fiddler and Burp Suite can be used to inspect and debug HTTP traffic.
- Key parts of HTTP include requests methods, response codes, headers for accepting content types, encoding, authentication, and more.
- Common players that interact with HTTP include web servers, load balancers, caching servers, CDNs, and security tools.
HTTP is a protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents across the internet. It uses a client-server model where browsers make HTTP requests to web servers, which respond with HTTP responses. Key aspects of HTTP include using TCP/IP for communication, being stateless, supporting a variety of data types, and incorporating features of both FTP and SMTP protocols.
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol used mainly to access data on the World Wide Web.
HTTP functions as a combination of FTP and SMTP.
It is similar to FTP because it transfers files and uses the services of TCP.
It is much simpler than FTP because it uses only one TCP connection.
There is no separate control connection; only data are transferred between the client and the server.
HTTP is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative hypermedia systems that has been used by the World Wide Web since 1990. The initial HTTP/0.9 version provided a simple protocol for raw data transfer, while HTTP/1.0 introduced MIME-like messages to include meta information and request/response modifiers. HTTP/1.0 did not sufficiently account for hierarchical proxies, caching, persistent connections or virtual hosts. HTTP sits at the top of the TCP/IP stack and uses ports to carry protocols between services, with HTTP typically using port 80. An HTTP message is delivered over a TCP/IP connection by chopping the message into chunks small enough to fit in TCP segments, which are then sent inside IP datagrams
The document summarizes a presentation on web technology focusing on HTTP servers and protocols. It discusses how the internet and world wide web work, URL structures, HTTP as the application layer protocol for web clients and servers in a request-response model, and how HTTP connections can be non-persistent or persistent. It also covers HTTP request and response messages, status codes, cookies for maintaining state, and web caching.
HTTP is a stateless protocol that uses a request/response model for communication. A client sends a request via a URL to a server, which responds with status codes and content. Common request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. Responses have status codes like 200 for success and 404 for not found. Caching of responses helps improve performance. HTTPS provides encryption for secure communication via SSL/TLS certificates.
HTTP is the foundation of web communication and uses port 80. It includes request methods like GET, POST, and DELETE that perform functions like retrieving data, submitting forms, and deleting resources. HTTP status codes inform clients about the server response, including categories for informational, success, redirection, client errors, and server errors. HTTPS is the secure version that uses port 443 and SSL/TLS encryption with certificates from an authority to securely exchange data.
The document discusses HTTP request and response messages. Some key points:
- HTTP is a stateless, client-server protocol where clients send requests to servers and servers return response messages. Requests use methods like GET and POST and URLs to identify resources.
- Request messages contain a start line with the method, URL, and HTTP version, followed by header lines. Response messages contain a start line with the status code and reason, followed by header lines and an optional body.
- Common status codes include 200 for success, 404 for not found, 401 for unauthorized, and 500 for server errors.
- HTML forms can send data via GET by adding parameters to the URL or POST by placing them in the
The document discusses several application layer protocols used in TCP/IP including HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and Telnet. HTTP is used to access resources on the world wide web over port 80 and is stateless. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts communications over port 443. FTP is used to transfer files between hosts but sends data and passwords in clear text. Telnet allows users to access programs on remote computers.
HTTP is a protocol used to access data on the World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee initially developed HTTP in 1989 while working at CERN. HTTP follows a client-server model where a client (usually a web browser) sends an HTTP request to a server, which then returns an HTTP response. The standard port for HTTP is 80. HTTP allows for the transfer of text, audio, video, and other data over the internet.
This document provides an overview of HTTP and HTTPS. It begins with definitions of HTTP as the Hypertext Transfer Protocol used to access data on the World Wide Web. HTTPS is then introduced as the secured version of HTTP, using TLS encryption to protect data transmitted between browsers and servers. The document outlines the basic features of HTTP like its client-server model and use of URLs. It describes how HTTPS encryption provides security benefits and how users can identify secure HTTPS sites versus regular HTTP sites in a browser's address bar.
The document discusses several key concepts related to the internet and web technologies. It defines the internet as a worldwide collection of interconnected networks and devices that use common communication protocols. It describes the World Wide Web as the most well-known feature of the internet, allowing users to view rich multimedia content through web pages accessed via web browsers. Various internet protocols are also outlined, including HTTP, FTP, email, internet relay chat, Gopher, and WAIS.
HTTP is the most popular application protocol on the internet. It uses the client-server model where an HTTP client sends a request to an HTTP server using a request method like GET or POST. The server then returns a response with a status code and can include a message body. A URL identifies a web resource and includes the protocol, hostname, port, and path. HTTP specifications are maintained by the W3C and the current versions are HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1. The HTTP request and response include a start line, headers, and optional body. Common status codes indicate success, redirection, or client/server errors.
internet programming and java notes 5th sem mcaRenu Thakur
Format of an HTTP Request and Response
An HTTP request has three main components: the request line containing the method, URI, and protocol version; request headers with information about the client; and an optional request body. An HTTP response similarly has a status line with the protocol, status code, and description; response headers with server information; and an optional response body.
HTTP Request Types
Common HTTP request types include GET to retrieve a resource, HEAD to get headers only, POST to submit an enclosed entity to the identified resource, PUT to upload a representation of the resource, and DELETE to remove the resource.
FTP File Transfer
FTP is a standard protocol for transferring files between devices on the internet. It uses TCP
The document provides an overview of PHP and its capabilities compared to other web technologies. It discusses how PHP allows for dynamic content and user interactivity on websites, unlike static HTML. It also summarizes HTTP and the client-server model, and how PHP integrates as a common gateway interface (CGI) to enable server-side scripting. Key topics covered include the history of HTML/XHTML, HTTP request/response formats, and how PHP addresses limitations of static websites by running on the server-side.
The document provides information about the World Wide Web (WWW) and its evolution. It discusses how Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 while working at CERN to facilitate information sharing between scientists. It describes the key technologies that enabled the WWW like HTML, URLs, and HTTP. It also explains the basic functioning of the WWW including how web servers store and transfer web pages to users, and how browsers allow users to access these pages. Finally, it discusses the progression from static Web 1.0 to user-generated content on Web 2.0 to the AI-powered Web 3.0.
The purpose of this presentation is to give viewers a basic introduction to web and http concepts. The images in the ppt are sourced from google images and are not my own.
HTTP is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that sets the standards for communication between web servers and browsers. It transmits data in plain text. HTTPS is the secure version of HTTP that encrypts data transmission using SSL/TLS encryption to securely transmit sensitive information and authenticate website identities. The main differences are that HTTPS operates over port 443, encrypts data transmission for security, and allows for verification of website identities through digital certificates.
The document discusses how the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) works to access resources over the web. HTTP uses a request-response mechanism where a client like a web browser sends a request to a server using a method like GET or POST. The server then responds with the requested resource or an error message. HTTP defines the format for requests, which include the request line and header lines, and responses, which include the status line and header lines. Improvements in HTTP/1.1 include persistent connections and request pipelining. Cookies are used to maintain state across multiple requests. HTTPS provides encryption to secure HTTP communications.
The document provides an overview of HTML, HTTP, and introduces PHP. It discusses how HTML/XHTML are used to create static webpages, while PHP allows for dynamic content and user interactivity on websites by running on the server-side. PHP emerged as a leading language for building server-side applications. The document also reviews the client-server model for web requests, with browsers as clients that send HTTP requests to servers, which return responses.
The document discusses the architecture of the World Wide Web. It describes how the web is made up of clients (browsers) that can access and retrieve information from servers using URLs. It also discusses different types of web documents (static, dynamic, active) and technologies involved like HTTP, URLs, cookies.
HTTP is the application layer protocol that powers the World Wide Web. It allows for the transfer of various data types like text, images, videos, and sounds between a client and server. HTTP uses TCP and IP to establish connections and transfer packets of data between devices. Requests use methods like GET and POST, and responses include status codes to indicate success or errors. While HTTP is stateless, cookies allow servers to track users across multiple requests.
A browser allows users to view and interact with resources on the World Wide Web. It displays HTML pages and other web content by making HTTP requests and rendering the responses. Key components of a browser include a user interface, layout engine, rendering engine, JavaScript interpreter, and networking components. When a user enters a URL, the browser looks up the IP address and sends HTTP requests to retrieve and display the requested content, including linked resources. Common browser features include back/forward buttons, an address bar, and the ability to view page source. Browsers support privacy/security functions and web standards.
The document summarizes key concepts about the World Wide Web (WWW) and HTTP protocol. It defines a protocol as a standard procedure for communication and notes that HTTP is the application layer protocol that underlies data transfer for the web. It then provides details on how HTTP works, including that requests and responses have request/response lines and headers, and discusses advantages like platform independence and limitations like lack of security. It also introduces HTTPS and how SSL addresses HTTP's security concerns through encryption.
Internet Technology Lectures
Domain Name
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube link: https://youtu.be/XUSSqmPKvj0
Visual Programming using C#
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University, (Visitor : Ararat Institute)
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
youtube link: https://youtu.be/OB4pmFx0HA4
IN THIS LECTURE:
1-ContextMenuStrip
2- RichTextBox
Visual Programming using C#
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University, (Visitor : Ararat Institute)
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/ik_kxvSGwEs
IN THIS LECTURE:
1- for loop
2-while
3-do wile
Internet Technology Lectures
URL-DNS
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube link: https://youtu.be/pOx04uODo5o
Visual Programming using C#
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University, (Visitor : Ararat Institute)
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube Link:https://youtu.be/WpkiJ4rgc68
IN THIS LECTURE:
1- adding new form
2-adding ToolTip
3-adding NotifyIcon
The document discusses Internet Protocol (IP) which is used for addressing and routing in internet communication. There are two main versions of IP - IPv4 which uses 32-bit addresses written as four numbers between 0-255, providing about 4 billion possible addresses. IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses to support more devices as IPv4 addresses are running out. IP addresses identify devices and are split into host and network parts, with different IP address classes for small, medium and large networks. The document also provides methods to convert IP addresses between decimal and binary formats.
Visual Programming using C#
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University, (Visitor : Ararat Institute)
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube Link:https://youtu.be/Bh6POzkLilY
IN THIS LECTURE:
1- Introduction to MenuStrip
Visual Programming using C#
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University, (Visitor : Ararat Institute)
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube link: https://youtu.be/KTxJs0uK4HU
IN THIS LECTURE:
1- Introduction to PictureBox
2- Introduction to DateTimePicker
Internet Technology Lectures
network protocols, TCP/IP Model
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube Link:https://youtu.be/JgbAWAc0fDs
Visual Programming using C#
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University, (Visitor : Ararat Institute)
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube link: https://youtu.be/FQWjwFM6IDA
IN THIS LECTURE:
1- Introduction to ComboBox
2- Introduction to ListBox
3- Introduction to CheckedListBox
4-using \n to combine texts
Internet Technology Lectures
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/I-VbO8EgPeU
Visual Programming Lectures using Visual Studio 2015 C# Windows Form Application
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
Visual Programming Lectures using Visual Studio 2015 C# Windows Form Application
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
Visual Programming Lectures using Visual Studio 2015 C# Windows Form Application
Lecturer: Saman M. Almufti / Kurdistan Region, Nawroz University
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/saman.malmufti
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
3. HTTP • HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol.
• It is a protocol used in TCP/IP Application layer to access the data on the World Wide
Web (www).
• The HTTP protocol can be used to transfer the data in the form of (Multipurpose
Internet Mail Extensions) MIME-like format such as plain text, hypertext,
audio, video, and so on.
• This protocol is known as HyperText Transfer Protocol because of its efficiency that
allows us to use in a hypertext environment where there are rapid jumps from one
document to another document.
4. Features of HTTP
• Connectionless protocol: HTTP is a connectionless protocol. HTTP client initiates a request and waits
for a response from the server. When the server receives the request, the server processes the request and
sends back the response to the HTTP client after that the client disconnects the connection. The
connection between client and server exist only during the current request and response time only.
• Media independent: HTTP protocol is a media independent as data can be sent as long as both the
client and server know how to handle the data content. It is required for both the client and server to
specify the content type in MIME-type header.
• Stateless: HTTP is a stateless protocol as both the client and server know each other only during the
current request. Due to this nature of the protocol, both the client and server do not retain the
information between various requests of the web pages.
5. HTTP Request / Response cycle
1.A client (a browser) sends an HTTP request to the web server
2.An web server receives the request
3.The server runs an application to process the request
4.The server returns an HTTP response (output) to the browser
5.The client (the browser) receives the response
Communication between clients and servers is done by requests and responses:
Request
Response
Request
Response
HTTP Request / Response cycle
Client Server
6. HTTP request /response to browse a website
HTTP makes several request to browse a website
1.The browser requests an HTML page. The server
returns an HTML file.
2.The browser requests a style sheet. The server returns
a CSS file.
3.The browser requests an JPG image. The server
returns a JPG file.
4.The browser requests JavaScript code. The server
returns a JS file
5.The browser requests data. The server returns data (in
XML or JSON).
A website is made up of many different files, which are sored in a server or in varies servers. These files come in two main types:
•Code files: Websites are built primarily from HTML, CSS, JavaScript, php,…etc.
•Assets: This is a collective of all the other contents of website, such as images, music, video, Word documents,
7. HTTP Request
Requests consists of the following elements:
• Method, HTTP methods like GET, POST, OPTIONS or
HEAD that defines the operation the client wants to
perform.
• Path of the resource to fetch; the URL of the resource, for
example without the protocol (http://), the domain (here,
developer.mozilla.com).
• Version of the HTTP protocol.
• Optional headers that convey additional information for the
servers.
• Or a body, for some methods like POST, similar to those in
responses, which contain the resource sent.
8. HTTP Response
Responses consist of the following elements:
•The version of the HTTP protocol they follow.
•A status code, indicating if the request was successful,
or not, and why.
•A status message, a non-authoritative short description
of the status code.
•HTTP headers, like those for requests.
•Optionally, a body containing the fetched resource.
9. Checking Http Information
To check your site using the
Developer tool, you will need
to add the protocol column
to the Network tab. To do
this, open the Developer
toolkit by hitting F12 or right
clicking and inspect element
in Chrome. Then navigate to
the Network tab and right
click on one of the headings,
then click protocol in the
drop down menu.
10. HTTPS
• HTTPS is Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure.
• The HTTP protocol does not provide the security of the data, while HTTPS ensures the
security of the data. Therefore, we can say that HTTPS is a secure version of the HTTP
protocol.
• This protocol allows transferring the data in an encrypted form. The use of HTTPS
protocol is mainly required where we need to enter the bank account details. The HTTPS
protocol is mainly used where we require to enter the login credentials. In modern
browsers such as chrome, both the protocols, i.e., HTTP and HTTPS, are marked
differently.
• To provide encryption, HTTPS uses an encryption protocol known as Transport Layer
Security (TSL), and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). This protocol uses a mechanism
known as asymmetric public key infrastructure, and it uses two different keys which are
given below:
• Private key: This key is available on the web server, which is managed by the
owner of a website. It decrypts the information which is encrypted by the public
key.
• Public key: This key is available to everyone. It converts the data into an encrypted
form.
11. HTTP VS HTTPS
HTTP HTTPS
The full form of HTTP is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The full form of HTTPS is Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Secure.
It is written in the address bar as http:// It is written in the address bar as https://
The HTTP transmits the data over port number 80. The HTTPS transmits the data over port number 443.
It is unsecured as the plain text is sent, which can be
accessible by the hackers.
It is secure as it sends the encrypted data which hackers
cannot understand.
It is mainly used for those websites that provide information
like blog writing.
It is a secure protocol, so it is used for those websites that
require to transmit the bank account details or credit card
numbers.
It does not use TSL and SSL. It uses TSL and SSL that provides the encryption of the data.
Google does not give the preference to the HTTP websites. Google gives preferences to the HTTPS as HTTPS websites
are secure websites.
The page loading speed is fast. The page loading speed is slow as compared to HTTP
because of the additional feature that it supports, i.e.,
security.
13. • Transport Layer Security (TLS)
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
• TLS/SSL Protocols adds a layer of security on top of the TCP/IP transport protocols.
they uses both symmetric encryption and public key encryption for securely sending
private data, and adds additional security features, such as authentication and message
tampering detection.
• Are standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a server and
a client—typically a web server (website) and a browser, or a mail server and a mail
client (e.g., Outlook).
14. 2- TLS initiation
3-Server confirmation of protocol
1- TCP handshake
5-Shared key generation
4-Certificate verification
6-Server confirmation of shared
key
7-Send secure data