This document discusses the transport and storage of fresh fruits and vegetables. It covers 4 key areas: 1) the ideal characteristics of transport for fresh produce, 2) how refrigerated storage can reduce deterioration, 3) the importance of appropriate transport for marketing, and 4) damages that can occur during transport. The document emphasizes that temperature control is critical for storage and transport, as it regulates the respiration rate of produce and helps preserve quality by slowing deterioration. Appropriate packaging and careful handling are also important to prevent mechanical damage during transport.
Drying is an industrial preservation method in which water content and water activity of the fruits and vegetables are decreased by heated air to minimized biological, chemical and microbial deterioration.
Drying is a process of simultaneous heat and mass transfer. To obtain the dehydrated product of high quality, The drying process should be such that it allows effective retention of color appearance, flavor, taste and nutritive value, comparable to fresh vegetables.
The technique of drying is probably the oldest method of food preservation practiced by mankind for the extension of food shelf life. The use of artificial drying to preserve agricultural commodities is expanding, creating a need for more rapid drying techniques and methods that reduce the large amount of energy required in drying processes
Introduction
Principle of canning
Foods that are canned
Canning processing
Spoilage of canned products
Containers for packing of canned products
Equipments used in canning process
Management of Post-Harvest Losses in Fruits and VegetablesSaurav Tuteja
Fruits and vegetables are the most perishable agricultural produce and the post-harvest loss of these is tremendous. Producers have to suffer a huge economic loss due to lack of proper understanding about causes, nature of loss, proper preservation methods, their transportation, and marketing techniques. This paper suggests the methods of handling the fruits and vegetables after their harvest so as to reduce the loss to the minimum and obtain maximum returns from them.
Fresh fruits and vegetables are perishable and highly prone to these losses because they are composed of living tissues. These tissues must be kept alive and healthy throughout the process of marketing. These are composed of thousands of living cells which require care and maintenance.
Primary and minimal processing of fruits and vegetablesrani mamatha
primary processing and minimal processing of fruits and vegetables. (grading, sorting, cleaning, washing, peeling, minimal processing).
minimal processing flow chart , types of sorting, grading.
types of peeling.
blanching, types of blanching.
bio control agent, browning agent.
Jam means the product prepared from sound, ripe, fresh, dehydrated, frozen or previously packed fruits including fruit juices, fruit pulp, fruit juice concentrate or dry fruit by boiling its pieces or pulp or puree with nutritive value
Fruit Jelly means the product prepared by boiling fruit juice or fruit(s) of sound quality, with or without water, expressing and straining the juice, adding nutritive sweeteners, and concentrating to such a consistency that gelatinization takes place on cooling. The product shall not be syrupy, sticky or gummy and shall be clear, sparkling and transparent.
Marmallade
This is a citrus fruit product prepared by cooking fruit pulp or extract with sufficient amount of sugar and using shreds of peel as suspended material.
Marmalades are classified into :
1. Jelly marmalade
2. Jam marmalade
Preserves
A mature fruit/ vegetable or its piece impregnated with heavy sugar syrup till it becomes tender and transparent is known as preserve. When fruits are placed in a concentrated sugar syrup, the water moves out of the fruit and sugar moves into it until equilibrium is reached by osmosis. Apple, Cherry, anola, pineapple, pear, mango, papaya, strawberry, etc., can be used for making preserves. FPO specifications for preserves are given in Quality section
Candies Vegetable & fruits
A fruit or vegetable impregnated with cane sugar or glucose syrup, and subsequently drained free of syrup and dried, is known as candied fruit/vegetable. The most suitable fruits for candying are pineapple, cherry, aonla, karonda, papaya, apple, peach, peels of orange, ginger etc.
Packaging is important for every material which is to be saved for later. for crops, it is inevitable. so here are some of the basic and common ways the perishable crops like vegetables are packaged
Drying is an industrial preservation method in which water content and water activity of the fruits and vegetables are decreased by heated air to minimized biological, chemical and microbial deterioration.
Drying is a process of simultaneous heat and mass transfer. To obtain the dehydrated product of high quality, The drying process should be such that it allows effective retention of color appearance, flavor, taste and nutritive value, comparable to fresh vegetables.
The technique of drying is probably the oldest method of food preservation practiced by mankind for the extension of food shelf life. The use of artificial drying to preserve agricultural commodities is expanding, creating a need for more rapid drying techniques and methods that reduce the large amount of energy required in drying processes
Introduction
Principle of canning
Foods that are canned
Canning processing
Spoilage of canned products
Containers for packing of canned products
Equipments used in canning process
Management of Post-Harvest Losses in Fruits and VegetablesSaurav Tuteja
Fruits and vegetables are the most perishable agricultural produce and the post-harvest loss of these is tremendous. Producers have to suffer a huge economic loss due to lack of proper understanding about causes, nature of loss, proper preservation methods, their transportation, and marketing techniques. This paper suggests the methods of handling the fruits and vegetables after their harvest so as to reduce the loss to the minimum and obtain maximum returns from them.
Fresh fruits and vegetables are perishable and highly prone to these losses because they are composed of living tissues. These tissues must be kept alive and healthy throughout the process of marketing. These are composed of thousands of living cells which require care and maintenance.
Primary and minimal processing of fruits and vegetablesrani mamatha
primary processing and minimal processing of fruits and vegetables. (grading, sorting, cleaning, washing, peeling, minimal processing).
minimal processing flow chart , types of sorting, grading.
types of peeling.
blanching, types of blanching.
bio control agent, browning agent.
Jam means the product prepared from sound, ripe, fresh, dehydrated, frozen or previously packed fruits including fruit juices, fruit pulp, fruit juice concentrate or dry fruit by boiling its pieces or pulp or puree with nutritive value
Fruit Jelly means the product prepared by boiling fruit juice or fruit(s) of sound quality, with or without water, expressing and straining the juice, adding nutritive sweeteners, and concentrating to such a consistency that gelatinization takes place on cooling. The product shall not be syrupy, sticky or gummy and shall be clear, sparkling and transparent.
Marmallade
This is a citrus fruit product prepared by cooking fruit pulp or extract with sufficient amount of sugar and using shreds of peel as suspended material.
Marmalades are classified into :
1. Jelly marmalade
2. Jam marmalade
Preserves
A mature fruit/ vegetable or its piece impregnated with heavy sugar syrup till it becomes tender and transparent is known as preserve. When fruits are placed in a concentrated sugar syrup, the water moves out of the fruit and sugar moves into it until equilibrium is reached by osmosis. Apple, Cherry, anola, pineapple, pear, mango, papaya, strawberry, etc., can be used for making preserves. FPO specifications for preserves are given in Quality section
Candies Vegetable & fruits
A fruit or vegetable impregnated with cane sugar or glucose syrup, and subsequently drained free of syrup and dried, is known as candied fruit/vegetable. The most suitable fruits for candying are pineapple, cherry, aonla, karonda, papaya, apple, peach, peels of orange, ginger etc.
Packaging is important for every material which is to be saved for later. for crops, it is inevitable. so here are some of the basic and common ways the perishable crops like vegetables are packaged
FACTORS AFFECTING QUALITY OF FRESH PRODUCE - Presented By Mustafa Atas
Recently I am working a project called “Factors Affecting Quality of Fresh Produce” and prepared presentation.
FACTORS AFFECTING QUALITY OF FRESH PRODUCE-Presented By Mustafa Atas
Recently I am working a project called “Factors Affecting Quality of Fresh Produce” and prepared presentation.
Food engineering operations are employed in food industries for production of good quality palatable and stable foods.Food engineering operations convert raw agricultural commodities into canned, frozen, dehydrated, formulated and otherwise modified forms of food.
Why Post Harvest Management and cold chain is applied to Perishable produce. Basics of Post harvest care. What packaging is required, what kind of food safety is required, contamination and tainting, HAACP control. Download from www.crosstree.info
The Efficient Ways to Manage a Cold Storage WarehouseRack Source Inc
The cold storage warehouse caters to the needs of a variety of clients. This is the reason that we are witnessing the construction of big warehouses having proper amenities for cold storage goods and products. Moreover, as cold storage warehouses cater to the needs of diverse industries, it is essential to design an absolutely efficient and cost-effective cold storage warehouses. Go through the slide to know the efficient ways to manage a cold storage warehouse.
At Taste Of Middle East, we believe that food is not just about satisfying hunger, it's about experiencing different cultures and traditions. Our restaurant concept is based on selecting famous dishes from Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, and other Arabic countries to give our customers an authentic taste of the Middle East
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2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
1. characterize the ideal transport for fresh fruits and
vegetables;
2. explain how refrigerated storage can reduce
deterioration of fresh fruits and vegetables;
3. explain the importance of appropriate transport in the
marketing of produce; and
4. discuss the fruit and vegetable damages incurred during
transport;
3. LESSON OUTLINE
1. Characteristics of Ideal Transport for
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
2. Effect of Refrigerated Storage on
Deterioration of Fresh Fruits and
Vegetables
3. Importance of Appropriate Transport in
the Marketing of Produce
4. Damages Incurred by Fruits and
Vegetables during Transport
4. Presentation 3.2
• have well designed and adequately equipped
compartments.
• have slip resistant floors.
• are perfectly insulated.
• have adequate and well-positioned doors for loading and
unloading.
• allow effective distribution of cool air.
• allow monitoring and temperature control.
• proper air spaces between pallets and room walls to
ensure proper air circulation.
Cooling rooms and refrigerated vehicles :
7. Storage
7
Temperature is the single most important
factor in maintaining quality after harvest.
Refrigerated storage retards the following
elements of deterioration in perishable crops:
aging due to ripening, softening, and textural and
color changes;
undesirable metabolic changes and respiratory
heat production;
moisture loss resulting to wilting;
spoilage due to invasion by bacteria, fungi, and
yeasts;
undesirable growth, such as sprouting of potatoes
8. Objective of Fresh Fruit and
Vegetable Storage
• Minimize deterioration
• Extend the life span of the
fruit and vegetables
• Keep fruits and
vegetables in good
condition until they are
consumed
9. Fruits and Vegetables have living cells!
• Consume
– O2
– Substrates
• Evolve
– CO2
– Heat
– Ethylene
– Lose H2O through
epidermis
• Metabolically active
– Tissue softening
– Starch to sugars
– Sorbitol to fructose
– Organic acids decreasing
– Flavor volatiles increasing
– Color changes
Why is temperature very critical during
storage?
10. One of the most important functions of
refrigeration is to control the crop's respiration rate
The higher the storage temperature, the higher
the respiration rate will be
For refrigeration to be effective in postponing
deterioration, it is important that the temperature
in cold storage rooms be kept as constant as
possible.
Storage rooms should be well insulated and
adequately refrigerated, and should allow for air
circulation to prevent temperature variation
12. While temperature is the primary concern in the
storage of fruits and vegetables, relative humidity is
also important : directly influences water loss in
produce
Most fruit and vegetable crops retain better
quality at high relative humidity (80 to 95%), but at
this humidity, disease growth is encouraged
Preventing Moisture Loss
17. Transportation is a big and often
the most important factor in the
marketing of fresh produce.
Ideally, transport would take
produce from the grower directly to the
consumer
Losses directly attributed to
transport conditions can be high
TRANSPORTATION
18. The goal of every person concerned
with transport should be that the
produce be kept in the best possible
condition during transport and that
the haulage of produce be quick and
efficient.
To this end, produce should be
properly packaged and properly
loaded on a suitable vehicle.
19. The damage and loss incurred during non-
refrigerated transport are caused primarily by
mechanical damage and by overheating
Mechanical damage
careless handling of packed produce during
loading and unloading;
vibration (shaking) of the vehicle, especially
on bad roads;
fast driving and poor condition of the vehicle;
poor stowage, which allows packages in
transit to sway; the stow may collapse
packages stacked too high; the movement of
produce within a package increases in relation
to its height in the stack
20. Over heating
This can occur not only from
external sources but also from
heat generated by the produce
within the package itself.
Overheating promotes natural
breakdown and decay, and
increases the rate of water loss
from produce.
21. The causes of overheating include:
the use of closed vehicles without
ventilation;
close-stow stacking patterns blocking
the movement of air between and
through packages, thus hindering the
dispersal of heat;
the lack of adequate ventilation of the
packages themselves;
exposure of the packages to the sun
while awaiting transport or while trucks
are queuing to unload at their
destination.
22. 22
Ensure vehicle and containers
are clean and sanitary
Fresh produce should not be transported
in vehicles that previously held animals
or harmful substances