This document discusses different approaches to language teaching, including grammar translation, audio-lingualism, cognitive-code, the direct method, the natural approach, total physical response, and suggestopedia. It provides characteristics of each method and notes their similarities and differences. The document also mentions alternatives to methods like conversation, pleasure reading, and using subject matter for language teaching, as well as the importance of testing and materials in language acquisition.
Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method commmonly used in children and beginners of a language.
Slides;
- What is TPR?
- Approach:
a) Theory of Language.
b) Theory of Learning.
- Design
a) Objective
b) Syllabus
c) T&L Activities.
d) Teacher´s Roles.
e) Material's Roles.
- Procedure:
a) Nature & Characteristics of TPR.
b) Techniques.
c) Featured activity.
- Advantages & Disadvantages of TPR.
- References:
Authors: Miguel Luna, Ruben Romero, Daniela Mercado, Marian Rodriguez, & Lorena Duarte.
This slideshare is about the historical methods of learning English (ESL) using different methods such as the traditional method, the physical response theory, the audio-lingual method, the Berlitz method by many di
Teaching methods to teach English. Teachers of English always find it difficult to figure out the methods they must use while teaching English in the class. This presentation will help the teachers teaching English to choose from the given methods and teach accordingly.
Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method commmonly used in children and beginners of a language.
Slides;
- What is TPR?
- Approach:
a) Theory of Language.
b) Theory of Learning.
- Design
a) Objective
b) Syllabus
c) T&L Activities.
d) Teacher´s Roles.
e) Material's Roles.
- Procedure:
a) Nature & Characteristics of TPR.
b) Techniques.
c) Featured activity.
- Advantages & Disadvantages of TPR.
- References:
Authors: Miguel Luna, Ruben Romero, Daniela Mercado, Marian Rodriguez, & Lorena Duarte.
This slideshare is about the historical methods of learning English (ESL) using different methods such as the traditional method, the physical response theory, the audio-lingual method, the Berlitz method by many di
Teaching methods to teach English. Teachers of English always find it difficult to figure out the methods they must use while teaching English in the class. This presentation will help the teachers teaching English to choose from the given methods and teach accordingly.
LLED 469 Resource Based Teaching and Learning. What are the challenges and the benefits of collaborative planning and co-teaching inquiry-based units of study?
Want to know how programming works? how it helps the human being with their everyday work? well you can easily find the answers to those questions that are in your minds. Programming, well it is a kind of software that can make games, applications, movies and a lot more. For a start, programming can help us students with our home works and such stuffs. and now, we can learn more about the different languages used in programming, program life cycle, rules and symbols used and its level. Let us discover how programming works!
Thus the basic idea behind all these is the fact that we should always have a better world scientific scenario and e should be able to have a greater touch to the fact as well.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. Present- day Teaching Methods
Explanation of a grammar rule, with example
sentences
Vocabulary: a bilingual list
Exercises which include translation in both
directions: from L1 to L2 and L2 to L1
1. GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
4. Characteristics
The model sentences are usually understandable,
but the focus is entirely on form, and not
meaning.
The used information could be relevant and
interesting.
Grammar- Translation is grammatically
sequenced.
This method fails to provide a great deal of
comprehensible input.
It doesn’t help to students to manage
conversations with native speakers.
5. The students are supposed to listen to a dialogue and
mimic it and eventually memorize it.
It contains different structures and vocabulary.
2. AUDIO - LINGUALISM
6. Characteristics
This method provides comprehensible input.
The contain of the dialogue should contain useful
and interesting language.
It is clearly grammatically sequenced based
usually on linguistic simplicity.
The goal is the memorization of the dialogue, not
the comprehension of a message.
Audio- lingual method teaching results in
inductive learning, not a conscious learning.
7. This method has certain similarity to grammar-
translation, but also differs in some ways.
It attempts to help the students in all four skills.
It provides very little comprehensible input.
This method is grammatically sequenced.
It talks about a communicative competence.
Error correction on all output is part of this method.
Rulea are learnable and a conscious knowledge
should be available.
3. COGNITIVE- CODE
8. This method focusses on inductive teaching of
grammar.
The goal is the students guess or work out the rules of
the language.
This method insists on accuracy and errors are
corrected in class.
It is strictly gramatically sequenced.
A conscious control is necessary for acquisition.
It demands full control of late- acquired structures in
oral production
4. THE DIRECT METHOD
9. The teacher speaks only the target language in the
classroom.
The goals are to enable students to talk about ideas,
perform tasks, and solve problems.
It uses different materials to make the speech
comprehensible (pictures, students’ previous
knowledge)
It encourages discussion on topics of personal
interest to the students.
Students do not have to produce in the second
language until they feel ready.
5. THE NATURAL APPROACH
10. It consists of obeying commands given by the
instructor that involve a physical response.
Example: “Stand up, sit down, open the door, etc.”
It could make the class interesting and it could
produce excellent results.
It has a grammatical focus.
Grammar will be learned inductively, the students
will work out the correct form of the rule during the
class activity.
It allows an active participation of students.
6. TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE
11. It suggest three elements: an attractive classroom, a
dynamic teacher and a state of relaxed alertness in the
students.
Example: each member of the class is given a new
name and role to play.
The most of situations are based on situations
familiar to the student and the use of the students’
first language.
The goal is to find an excellent and pleasant
environment for the student.
7. SUGGESTOPEDIA
12. APPLIED LINGUISTICS RESEARCH
It talks about solving a problem, with or without
reference to an underlying theory. Besides this topic
consists of empirical comparisons of language
teaching methods.
For example differences between older and newer
methods.
13. Basically, these differences could be noticed within
different views or situations, for example: number of
students, age, previous knowledge, materials, etc.
Here a table which shows many differences among
four methods.
Differences among methods
14. Alternatives to Methods
CONVERSATION:
Conversation with native speakers.
PLEASURE READING:
Analyze and understand a text.
USING SUBJECT MATTER FOR LANGUAGE
TEACHING.
EVIDENCE FOR SUBJECT MATTER TEACHING: The
immersion programs:
15. Testing
Different ways and situations which help both
students as teachers. Teachers can know the
knowledge level of the students and the students
how much knowledhe they have acquired.
Materials
A lot of things which improve the language
teaching or learning. Example: laboratories,
books, posters, worksheets, Cds, Videos, flascards,
etc,
