LCD.pptx
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The document discusses the working principles of an LCD screen. LCD screens use liquid crystals to block or allow light to pass through, producing images without emitting light themselves. They consist of multiple layers including polarized filters and electrodes. When a current is applied, it causes the liquid crystal molecules to untwist, changing the angle of polarized light and allowing some light to pass, making pixels appear dark. LCD screens have advantages such as low cost, thinness, and low power usage, though they also have disadvantages like requiring backlighting.
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2) The principle of lasers, which involves stimulating emission of radiation to achieve population inversion and optical gain, allowing for amplification of photons within the laser medium.
3) How a laser diode works by achieving population inversion through forward biasing of a p-n junction, allowing stimulated emission and optical feedback via mirrors to produce coherent, collimated light amplification.
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Here are the solutions to the exercises:
1) For a GI fiber with parabolic profile, Vmax = 2.405 for single mode operation.
Using the given: n1 = 1.5, Δ = 1%, λ = 1.3 μm
Vmax = (2π/λ) * a * (n1^2 - n2^2)^1/2
= 2.405
Solving for a, the maximum core diameter is 5.2 μm.
2) Given: n1 = 1.54, n2 = 1.5, a = 25 μm, λ = 1300 nm
NA = (n1^2 - n2^2)^1/
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Or contact us on +44 (0) 1634 327320 or email info@crystal-display.com
Video DIsplay Technologies
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are the most common display technology. They work by manipulating the orientation of liquid crystals, which allows light to pass through polarized lenses. LCDs have faster response times than older cathode ray tube (CRT) displays. Other display technologies discussed include organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), digital light processing (DLP), and plasma display panels (PDPs). Emerging technologies like field emission displays (FEDs) aim to improve on LCD and CRT by allowing electron emission without high temperatures.
OLED TECHNOLOGY
The document provides an overview of OLED (organic light-emitting diode) technology. It defines OLEDs as thin, light-emitting materials that do not require backlights. The document describes OLED structure, fabrication process, types (including passive matrix, active matrix, transparent, top-emitting, flexible, and white), working principle, advantages over LCDs and LEDs, as well as advantages and disadvantages. Potential applications mentioned include displays for smartphones, televisions, and heads-up displays.
All about LCD : Technology & Application
The document provides an overview of different types of liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies, including twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN), and film compensated super twisted nematic (FSTN) LCDs. It explains the basic components and operating principles of LCDs, such as how liquid crystals are oriented using electric fields to manipulate light. The document also compares various LCD technologies in terms of features like coloration, viewing angles, costs, and applications.
Display technologies
This document discusses different types of display technologies, including segment displays, full-area 2D displays, 3D displays, and mechanical displays. It provides details on common segment displays like 7-segment, 14-segment, and 16-segment displays. Full explanations are given for LCD, LED-lit LCD, OLED, AMOLED, plasma, and e-ink displays. The document concludes that displays are becoming slimmer and more portable, with holography and flexible displays expected to drive future innovations in virtual reality.
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CDS Liquid Crystal Display Technologies Overview Whitepaper
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LCD.pptx
- 1. LCD(16X2)
- 2. It is a combination of two states of matter Solid state and liquid LCD uses a Liquid crystal to produce a visible images These liquid crystal displays are super thin technology display screens that are generally used in laptops cellphones and portable video games Introduction
- 3. LCD screen works on the principle of blocking light rather than emitting light LCD requires black light as they do not emit light by them Principle
- 4. LCD is consists of several layers which include two polarized panel filters and electrodes. Light is projected from a lens on a layer of liquid crystal The combination of colored light with the grayscale image of the crystal forms the colored images Then this image is displayed on the screen Principle
- 6. When an electrical current is applied to the liquid crystal molecule the molecule tends to untwist This causes the angle of light which is passing through the molecule of the polarized glass and also cause a change in the angle of the top polarizing filter As the result a little light is allowed to pass the Working
- 7. Polarized glass through a particular area of LCD. Thus the particular area wiill become dark compared to others While constructing the LCD a reflected mirror is arranged at the back An electrode plane is made of indium-tin-oxide which is kept on top and a polarized glass with a polarizing film is also added on the bottom of the device Working
- 8. The complete region of the LCD has to be enclosed by a common electrode and above it should be the liquid crystal matter The second piece of glass with an electrode in the form of the rectangle on the bottom and on top another polarizing film Both the pieces are kept at 90 degree When there is no current the light passes through the front od lcd and reflected by the mirror and bounce back Working
- 9. As the electrode is connected to a battery the Current from it will cause liquid crystals b/w the common plane electrode and the electrode shaped like a rectangle twist Like this the Light blocked from passing through that particular rectangular area appears blank Working
- 10. 4.7V to 5.3V Operating Voltage 1MA current consumption without backlight Alphanumeric LCD display module means it can display alpha and no’s Consists of 2 rows and rows can print 16 characters Each character is build by a 5×8 pixel box. Can work on both 8-bit and 4-bit mode. Features
- 11. Low cost It provides Excellent Contrast LCD are thinner and lighter when compared to cathode ray tube and LED Less amount of power compared to CRT and LED LCD consists some micro watts for Display as compared to LED (Milliwatts) Advantages
- 12. Require additional light sources Low reliability Low speed LCD need an AC drive Range of temperature is limited for operation Disadvantages
- 13. LCD Thermometers Optical imaging Medical applications Mobiles Computers Applications