International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A haptic feedback system based on leap motion controller for prosthetic hand ...IJECEIAES
Leap motion controller (LMC) is a gesture sensor consists of three infrared light emitters and two infrared stereo cameras as tracking sensors. LMC translates hand movements into graphical data that are used in a variety of applications such as virtual/augmented reality and object movements control. In this work, we intend to control the movements of a prosthetic hand via (LMC) in which fingers are flexed or extended in response to hand movements. This will be carried out by passing in the data from the Leap Motion to a processing unit that processes the raw data by an opensource package (Processing i3) in order to control five servo motors using a microcontroller board. In addition, haptic setup is proposed using force sensors (FSR) and vibro-motors in which the speed of these motors is proportional to the amount of the grasp force exerted by the prosthetic hand. Investigation for optimal placement of the FSRs on a prosthetic hand to obtain convenient haptic feedback has been carried out. The results show the effect of object shape and weight on the obtained response of the FSR and how they influence the locations of the sensors.
Design of Robotic Arm based on Hand Gesture Control System using Wireless Sen...IRJET Journal
This document describes a hand gesture controlled robotic arm system using a wireless sensor network. The system consists of a transmitter glove with flex sensors and an accelerometer worn by a user. The user's hand movements are detected by the sensors and wirelessly transmitted via XBee modules. A receiver microcontroller controls a robotic arm based on the transmitted signals to mimic the user's hand gestures. The system was simulated in Proteus and a prototype was implemented successfully. The robotic arm could replicate the hand movements in real-time for potential applications in industries handling hazardous materials.
Anthropomorphic transradial myoelectric hand using tendon-spring mechanismTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In the developing countries, the need for prosthetic hands is increasing. In general, transradial amputee patients use prosthetic hands that are passive like a body-powered prosthesis. This research proposes a low-cost myoelectric prosthetic hand based on 3D printing technology. Hand and finger size were designed based on the average size of human hands in Indonesia. The proposed myoelectric hand employs linear actuator combined with the tendon-spring mechanism. Myoelectric hand was developed with five modes of grip pattern to perform various objects grasping in activity of daily living. Control strategy had been developed for controlling the motion of flexion and extension on the hand and saving the energy consumed by the actuators. The control strategy was developed under MATLAB/Simulink environment and embedded to Arduino Nano V3 using Simulink Support Package for Arduino Hardware. Surface electromyography (EMG) sensor was used in this research for reading the muscle activity of the user/wearer. The proposed myoelectric hand had been tested in object grasping test and was implemented on a study participant with transradial amputee.
Abstract: Haptics is the science of applying touch sensation and control for interaction with virtual or physical application. In this project, our aim is to make a robotic arm that will copy the actual movements of a human hand. Motion of the hand will vary the potentiometer resistance which is placed on the human arm. This change in resistance produces an equivalent output voltage which is given to the microcontroller. The microcontroller converts this analog signal to digital and produces corresponding PWM signals which are required for the servomotors on the robotic arm to run. Servomotors are connected to the receiver microcontroller. PWM pulses are sent to the receiver controller. The hardware of this project is very user friendly, portable, easy to handle and also very light in weight. It has a very simple design and also very easy to assemble. We have used 5 Degrees of Freedom i.e. Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist and Finger
This document discusses the design and development of a robotic hand controlled by a glove. The robotic hand uses servos to mimic the motion of individual human fingers as controlled by sensors in the glove. It describes the components used - flex sensors in the glove, an Arduino microcontroller, and servos in the robotic hand. The document outlines the working principle and potential applications of this robotic hand system, such as in factories or for people with disabilities. It aims to develop a versatile robotic hand concept among business students.
Transducers and sensors
Sensors in robotics
Tactile sensors
Proximity and range sensors
Miscellaneous sensors and sensor based system
Use of sensors in Robotics
1. The document describes the design of a prosthetic arm using flex sensors.
2. Flex sensors are used to sense the motion of fingers and this data is sent to a microcontroller to control servo motors that move the fingers of the prosthetic arm.
3. Graphs are created to relate the voltage readings from the flex sensors to angular positions of the fingers, allowing the microcontroller to control finger movement based on flex sensor input.
A haptic feedback system based on leap motion controller for prosthetic hand ...IJECEIAES
Leap motion controller (LMC) is a gesture sensor consists of three infrared light emitters and two infrared stereo cameras as tracking sensors. LMC translates hand movements into graphical data that are used in a variety of applications such as virtual/augmented reality and object movements control. In this work, we intend to control the movements of a prosthetic hand via (LMC) in which fingers are flexed or extended in response to hand movements. This will be carried out by passing in the data from the Leap Motion to a processing unit that processes the raw data by an opensource package (Processing i3) in order to control five servo motors using a microcontroller board. In addition, haptic setup is proposed using force sensors (FSR) and vibro-motors in which the speed of these motors is proportional to the amount of the grasp force exerted by the prosthetic hand. Investigation for optimal placement of the FSRs on a prosthetic hand to obtain convenient haptic feedback has been carried out. The results show the effect of object shape and weight on the obtained response of the FSR and how they influence the locations of the sensors.
Design of Robotic Arm based on Hand Gesture Control System using Wireless Sen...IRJET Journal
This document describes a hand gesture controlled robotic arm system using a wireless sensor network. The system consists of a transmitter glove with flex sensors and an accelerometer worn by a user. The user's hand movements are detected by the sensors and wirelessly transmitted via XBee modules. A receiver microcontroller controls a robotic arm based on the transmitted signals to mimic the user's hand gestures. The system was simulated in Proteus and a prototype was implemented successfully. The robotic arm could replicate the hand movements in real-time for potential applications in industries handling hazardous materials.
Anthropomorphic transradial myoelectric hand using tendon-spring mechanismTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In the developing countries, the need for prosthetic hands is increasing. In general, transradial amputee patients use prosthetic hands that are passive like a body-powered prosthesis. This research proposes a low-cost myoelectric prosthetic hand based on 3D printing technology. Hand and finger size were designed based on the average size of human hands in Indonesia. The proposed myoelectric hand employs linear actuator combined with the tendon-spring mechanism. Myoelectric hand was developed with five modes of grip pattern to perform various objects grasping in activity of daily living. Control strategy had been developed for controlling the motion of flexion and extension on the hand and saving the energy consumed by the actuators. The control strategy was developed under MATLAB/Simulink environment and embedded to Arduino Nano V3 using Simulink Support Package for Arduino Hardware. Surface electromyography (EMG) sensor was used in this research for reading the muscle activity of the user/wearer. The proposed myoelectric hand had been tested in object grasping test and was implemented on a study participant with transradial amputee.
Abstract: Haptics is the science of applying touch sensation and control for interaction with virtual or physical application. In this project, our aim is to make a robotic arm that will copy the actual movements of a human hand. Motion of the hand will vary the potentiometer resistance which is placed on the human arm. This change in resistance produces an equivalent output voltage which is given to the microcontroller. The microcontroller converts this analog signal to digital and produces corresponding PWM signals which are required for the servomotors on the robotic arm to run. Servomotors are connected to the receiver microcontroller. PWM pulses are sent to the receiver controller. The hardware of this project is very user friendly, portable, easy to handle and also very light in weight. It has a very simple design and also very easy to assemble. We have used 5 Degrees of Freedom i.e. Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist and Finger
This document discusses the design and development of a robotic hand controlled by a glove. The robotic hand uses servos to mimic the motion of individual human fingers as controlled by sensors in the glove. It describes the components used - flex sensors in the glove, an Arduino microcontroller, and servos in the robotic hand. The document outlines the working principle and potential applications of this robotic hand system, such as in factories or for people with disabilities. It aims to develop a versatile robotic hand concept among business students.
Transducers and sensors
Sensors in robotics
Tactile sensors
Proximity and range sensors
Miscellaneous sensors and sensor based system
Use of sensors in Robotics
1. The document describes the design of a prosthetic arm using flex sensors.
2. Flex sensors are used to sense the motion of fingers and this data is sent to a microcontroller to control servo motors that move the fingers of the prosthetic arm.
3. Graphs are created to relate the voltage readings from the flex sensors to angular positions of the fingers, allowing the microcontroller to control finger movement based on flex sensor input.
Design and operation of synchronized robotic armeSAT Journals
Abstract The paper manuscript deals with the designing and implementation of Synchronized Robotic Arm, which is used to perform all the basic activities like picking up objects and placing them. In this paper, a robotic arm is designed, synchronized with the working arm and would perform the task as the working arm does. The work done by the robotic arm would be highly precise, as a digital servo motor is used. A servo motor of 230 oz-inch is used in the project, but motors with more capacity can also be used as according to the desired work. This robotic arm can also be used for precision works. For instance some work has to be done very precisely but the conditions do not suit human beings. In such conditions, this robotic arm can be used remotely and the task can be accomplished. The programming is done on ATMEGA-8 Microcontroller using Arduino programming. The potentiometers are also used to detect the angle of rotation and the signals are then sent to the microcontroller. In today’s world, this Robotic arm has turned out very benevolent. Besides Robotics and Automation, these kinds of arms have applications in other fields also. Keywords –Arduino, ATMEGA-8, IC, Potentiometers, Servo Motors
AN AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR IN ROBOTICS AMBULANCEIAEME Publication
1. The document describes the development of an automated external defibrillator (AED) integrated into a robotic ambulance called AMBUBOT.
2. AMBUBOT aims to reduce response times for cardiac emergencies by providing immediate AED treatment to victims within minutes of collapse.
3. It uses various sensors to monitor patients' vital signs, can send emergency alerts and location via GSM, and can operate manually or autonomously.
Robot plays a vital part in making our lives more facile. The scope of this project is to provide a relation between human and machine by the interaction of human hand and robotic arm.
This document describes an automated gesture-based wireless wheelchair control system using an accelerometer. The system uses an accelerometer sensor to detect hand gestures which are converted to electrical signals and transmitted wirelessly. The receiver then converts the signals and uses them to control a wheelchair's movement and direction. The system was developed to help paralyzed people move independently using hand gestures to tilt the wheelchair forward, backward, left, right, or stop. It allows for movement over 200 yards and detects obstacles using an ultrasonic sensor.
This document summarizes the objectives and implementation of a wireless controlled robotic arm project. The objectives are to understand robot configuration and programming, construct an electrical diagram, and fabricate and test a robot. The project is implemented using an AT89S52 microcontroller, RF transmitter and receiver modules, and DC motors. The robotic arm consists of links connected by joints, resembling a human arm, and can be programmed to perform automated tasks like assembly and packaging.
The document discusses the development of a gesture-controlled robot. It describes how the robot works using an accelerometer to detect hand gestures, an encoder and transmitter to wirelessly send the gesture data, a receiver and decoder to interpret the data, and a microcontroller and motor driver to control motors based on the gestures. The robot is intended to help disabled people control devices with gestures instead of physical inputs. The system aims to provide a simple and affordable design for potential wide applications.
MODELING (mechanical) AND ANALYSIS OF ROBO-ARM FOR PICK AND PLACE OPERATION I...ijsrd.com
Robo- arm is assembly of number of joints which can work in 180 degree direction that allows the object to 'move' in its require direction, and is commonly used in mechanical industry where pick and place operation are carried out .It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at maximum 90° to each other, connected by a pin joint .Now, this project is based from ceramic industry in which the robo-arm perform its operation for pick and place activity very quickly. Here, I design the mechanical structure of robo-arm. Robo-arm can work at which places where, human can't work continuously in ceramic industry. For example at Furnace division .Robo-arm has its own end effectors. with the help of it, rob-arm can pick the object easily and safely. Basic design concept is taken from ceramic industry at the furnace division where, the working temperature is more than ambient temperature .With the help robo -arm we can save the time and cost, as compare to crane operated loading system and manual belt conveyor system, because robo-arm can place the component at particular place of the part storage area.
IRJET- An Approach to Accelerometer based Controlled RobotIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed approach for an accelerometer-based controlled robot. The robot will use hand gestures detected by an accelerometer to move in different directions (left, right, forward, backward). The robot will consist of several modules including a hand gesture module using an accelerometer and Arduino UNO, an auto drive module to control movement using signals from the hand gesture module, a voice interaction module using a camera for communication, and a robotic arm module to perform pick and place tasks. The approach aims to allow control of the robot's movement and functions through hand gestures without physical contact for applications such as assisting handicapped individuals.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes novel approaches for controlling robots using flex sensors. The paper describes designing an intelligent prosthetic hand that mimics natural human hand movements using flex sensors. The design process involved studying human hand motions and constraints of hand size. Initial proposals for control mechanisms included tension cables or pulleys at each joint. The final implementation involved mounting flex sensors to a data glove to control a mechanical hand wirelessly via a microcontroller. The hand was able to grasp and pick up objects by interpreting flex sensor bend values. The goal of the research was to develop a prosthetic hand that performed natural pick and place movements for amputees.
This document is a 31-page report on a gesture controlled car project submitted for a bachelor's degree. It includes sections on introduction, literature review, implementation, conclusion, and feasibility analysis. The project aims to create a car that can be controlled wirelessly through hand gestures detected by an accelerometer sensor worn on a glove. Forward, backward, left, and right movements are mapped to gestures to remotely drive the car.
Voice Controlled Wheel chair is a mobile wheel chair whose motions can be controlled by the user by giving specific voice commands. The speech recognition software running on a PC is capable of identifying the 5 voice commands ‘Run’, ‘Stop’, ‘Left’, ’Right’ and ‘Back’ issued by a particular User. This system controls the wheel chair as well as read the parameters of patient.
Gesture control robot using by ArdiunoSudhir Kumar
The document describes a gesture controlled robot project. The objective is to create a simple and inexpensive device that can be mass produced to help disabled people maneuver wheelchairs without touching the wheels. The robot uses an accelerometer to detect hand gestures which are sent to a microcontroller via an RF transmitter/receiver. The microcontroller controls motors via a motor driver to move the robot in corresponding directions based on the gestures.
This document describes a vision assisted pick and place robotic arm guided by image processing concepts for object sorting. It discusses introducing a robotic arm that can pick objects from one location and place them in another using machine vision. The document covers key concepts like image acquisition, processing, object identification, and control signal transfer. It provides details on how a webcam captures images that are converted to grayscale and binary before edge detection and other processing to find object boundaries and centroids. Control signals are sent via an interface to guide the robotic arm based on image analysis. Potential applications and advantages like consistency and hazardous task handling are also summarized.
This document describes a project on an accelerometer controlled robot created by five students at the University of Petroleum and Energy Studies. It includes a certificate signed by their supervisor, Dr. Atul Sidola, acknowledging their work on the project. The introduction describes the goal of designing a low-cost robot that can be controlled by hand gestures detected by an accelerometer without the need for complex and expensive remote controls. It then provides details about the three main components of the robot: the accelerometer sensor, microcontroller for processing sensor output and controlling motors, and DC motors. The literature review provides background information on accelerometers, including how they work and common types such as capacitive and piezoelectric models.
This document describes a wireless gesture control car project. The objective is to build a car that can be controlled wirelessly through gestures detected by an MPU6050 gyroscope sensor in a controller glove. An Arduino Duemilanove reads the sensor data and sends it via nRF24L01 transceivers to an Arduino Mega receiver connected to an L298 motor controller and motors. Specific gestures are mapped to control motions like forward, backward, left, and right. The components, sensors, microcontrollers, and transceivers used are explained. Diagrams show the pin connections and software includes the Arduino IDE and Fritzing.
This document presents a novel hands-free control system for intelligent wheelchairs using head gesture recognition. The system uses a webcam to capture facial images and integrates the Adaboost face detection algorithm and Camshift tracking algorithm to recognize head gestures in real-time. Five frontal gestures - center, up, down, left, right - are mapped to control commands like speed up, slow down, turn left, turn right to maneuver the wheelchair. The system was demonstrated to accurately recognize profile faces and control the wheelchair through various head gestures. This provides a robust hands-free interface for elderly or disabled users with limited mobility.
The document discusses the design of a pick and place mechanical arm for loading and packing lead batteries at a workstation. It provides background on the history and components of mechanical arms, including their structure, power sources, actuation methods, touch and vision capabilities, and types of manipulation end effectors. The document outlines the steps to be taken in designing the mechanical arm, including selecting the product, defining the workspace, determining degrees of freedom, selecting parts, and interfacing the arm with humans.
The document describes a project to enhance the control of a robotic arm by allowing users to interact with a virtual robotic arm setup in Blender that is connected in real-time to a physical robotic arm with a microcontroller and servo motors. The virtual arm setup will mirror the movements of the physical arm, enabling more intuitive user control. A 3DOF robotic arm is used that can move in XYZ directions and has additional sensors, with the goal of making robotic arm control more interactive and user-friendly through a virtual interface.
According to the World Federation of the Deaf, only 10 percent of the worlds Deaf population receives any education, and only 3 percent receives this education in sign language. Another problem these deaf and face is inability to communicate with a person who does not understand the sign language. This project aims to reduce these problems by presenting a Sign Language. The project uses a hepatic glove to acquire signals corresponding to various hand gestures. The glove is interfaced with robot using an Arduino. Accelerometers are used to measure the angular displacement of human hand motion .The accelerometer controls the movement of the robot. Device is made of mainly two parts, one is RF transmitter and another is RF receiver. The RF transmitter will transmit the signal according to the position of accelerometer attached on your hand and the RF receiver will receive the signal and make the robot move in respective direction. Deepanshu Kiran | Himanshu Singh | Kushal Kant Singh Saxeriya ""Gesture Control Robot using Arduino"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23411.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/23411/gesture-control-robot-using-arduino/deepanshu-kiran
This document describes designing and developing a robotic arm using servo motors controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The robotic arm uses 4 servo motors to control each joint and imitate the motion of a human arm. The arm is physically controlled, with the signals replicated by the microcontroller to synchronously control the servo motors of the robotic arm. The objectives are to help disabled people perform tasks independently and to use such robotic arms for applications like automated manufacturing and bomb disposal.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design and operation of synchronized robotic armeSAT Journals
Abstract The paper manuscript deals with the designing and implementation of Synchronized Robotic Arm, which is used to perform all the basic activities like picking up objects and placing them. In this paper, a robotic arm is designed, synchronized with the working arm and would perform the task as the working arm does. The work done by the robotic arm would be highly precise, as a digital servo motor is used. A servo motor of 230 oz-inch is used in the project, but motors with more capacity can also be used as according to the desired work. This robotic arm can also be used for precision works. For instance some work has to be done very precisely but the conditions do not suit human beings. In such conditions, this robotic arm can be used remotely and the task can be accomplished. The programming is done on ATMEGA-8 Microcontroller using Arduino programming. The potentiometers are also used to detect the angle of rotation and the signals are then sent to the microcontroller. In today’s world, this Robotic arm has turned out very benevolent. Besides Robotics and Automation, these kinds of arms have applications in other fields also. Keywords –Arduino, ATMEGA-8, IC, Potentiometers, Servo Motors
AN AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR IN ROBOTICS AMBULANCEIAEME Publication
1. The document describes the development of an automated external defibrillator (AED) integrated into a robotic ambulance called AMBUBOT.
2. AMBUBOT aims to reduce response times for cardiac emergencies by providing immediate AED treatment to victims within minutes of collapse.
3. It uses various sensors to monitor patients' vital signs, can send emergency alerts and location via GSM, and can operate manually or autonomously.
Robot plays a vital part in making our lives more facile. The scope of this project is to provide a relation between human and machine by the interaction of human hand and robotic arm.
This document describes an automated gesture-based wireless wheelchair control system using an accelerometer. The system uses an accelerometer sensor to detect hand gestures which are converted to electrical signals and transmitted wirelessly. The receiver then converts the signals and uses them to control a wheelchair's movement and direction. The system was developed to help paralyzed people move independently using hand gestures to tilt the wheelchair forward, backward, left, right, or stop. It allows for movement over 200 yards and detects obstacles using an ultrasonic sensor.
This document summarizes the objectives and implementation of a wireless controlled robotic arm project. The objectives are to understand robot configuration and programming, construct an electrical diagram, and fabricate and test a robot. The project is implemented using an AT89S52 microcontroller, RF transmitter and receiver modules, and DC motors. The robotic arm consists of links connected by joints, resembling a human arm, and can be programmed to perform automated tasks like assembly and packaging.
The document discusses the development of a gesture-controlled robot. It describes how the robot works using an accelerometer to detect hand gestures, an encoder and transmitter to wirelessly send the gesture data, a receiver and decoder to interpret the data, and a microcontroller and motor driver to control motors based on the gestures. The robot is intended to help disabled people control devices with gestures instead of physical inputs. The system aims to provide a simple and affordable design for potential wide applications.
MODELING (mechanical) AND ANALYSIS OF ROBO-ARM FOR PICK AND PLACE OPERATION I...ijsrd.com
Robo- arm is assembly of number of joints which can work in 180 degree direction that allows the object to 'move' in its require direction, and is commonly used in mechanical industry where pick and place operation are carried out .It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at maximum 90° to each other, connected by a pin joint .Now, this project is based from ceramic industry in which the robo-arm perform its operation for pick and place activity very quickly. Here, I design the mechanical structure of robo-arm. Robo-arm can work at which places where, human can't work continuously in ceramic industry. For example at Furnace division .Robo-arm has its own end effectors. with the help of it, rob-arm can pick the object easily and safely. Basic design concept is taken from ceramic industry at the furnace division where, the working temperature is more than ambient temperature .With the help robo -arm we can save the time and cost, as compare to crane operated loading system and manual belt conveyor system, because robo-arm can place the component at particular place of the part storage area.
IRJET- An Approach to Accelerometer based Controlled RobotIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed approach for an accelerometer-based controlled robot. The robot will use hand gestures detected by an accelerometer to move in different directions (left, right, forward, backward). The robot will consist of several modules including a hand gesture module using an accelerometer and Arduino UNO, an auto drive module to control movement using signals from the hand gesture module, a voice interaction module using a camera for communication, and a robotic arm module to perform pick and place tasks. The approach aims to allow control of the robot's movement and functions through hand gestures without physical contact for applications such as assisting handicapped individuals.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes novel approaches for controlling robots using flex sensors. The paper describes designing an intelligent prosthetic hand that mimics natural human hand movements using flex sensors. The design process involved studying human hand motions and constraints of hand size. Initial proposals for control mechanisms included tension cables or pulleys at each joint. The final implementation involved mounting flex sensors to a data glove to control a mechanical hand wirelessly via a microcontroller. The hand was able to grasp and pick up objects by interpreting flex sensor bend values. The goal of the research was to develop a prosthetic hand that performed natural pick and place movements for amputees.
This document is a 31-page report on a gesture controlled car project submitted for a bachelor's degree. It includes sections on introduction, literature review, implementation, conclusion, and feasibility analysis. The project aims to create a car that can be controlled wirelessly through hand gestures detected by an accelerometer sensor worn on a glove. Forward, backward, left, and right movements are mapped to gestures to remotely drive the car.
Voice Controlled Wheel chair is a mobile wheel chair whose motions can be controlled by the user by giving specific voice commands. The speech recognition software running on a PC is capable of identifying the 5 voice commands ‘Run’, ‘Stop’, ‘Left’, ’Right’ and ‘Back’ issued by a particular User. This system controls the wheel chair as well as read the parameters of patient.
Gesture control robot using by ArdiunoSudhir Kumar
The document describes a gesture controlled robot project. The objective is to create a simple and inexpensive device that can be mass produced to help disabled people maneuver wheelchairs without touching the wheels. The robot uses an accelerometer to detect hand gestures which are sent to a microcontroller via an RF transmitter/receiver. The microcontroller controls motors via a motor driver to move the robot in corresponding directions based on the gestures.
This document describes a vision assisted pick and place robotic arm guided by image processing concepts for object sorting. It discusses introducing a robotic arm that can pick objects from one location and place them in another using machine vision. The document covers key concepts like image acquisition, processing, object identification, and control signal transfer. It provides details on how a webcam captures images that are converted to grayscale and binary before edge detection and other processing to find object boundaries and centroids. Control signals are sent via an interface to guide the robotic arm based on image analysis. Potential applications and advantages like consistency and hazardous task handling are also summarized.
This document describes a project on an accelerometer controlled robot created by five students at the University of Petroleum and Energy Studies. It includes a certificate signed by their supervisor, Dr. Atul Sidola, acknowledging their work on the project. The introduction describes the goal of designing a low-cost robot that can be controlled by hand gestures detected by an accelerometer without the need for complex and expensive remote controls. It then provides details about the three main components of the robot: the accelerometer sensor, microcontroller for processing sensor output and controlling motors, and DC motors. The literature review provides background information on accelerometers, including how they work and common types such as capacitive and piezoelectric models.
This document describes a wireless gesture control car project. The objective is to build a car that can be controlled wirelessly through gestures detected by an MPU6050 gyroscope sensor in a controller glove. An Arduino Duemilanove reads the sensor data and sends it via nRF24L01 transceivers to an Arduino Mega receiver connected to an L298 motor controller and motors. Specific gestures are mapped to control motions like forward, backward, left, and right. The components, sensors, microcontrollers, and transceivers used are explained. Diagrams show the pin connections and software includes the Arduino IDE and Fritzing.
This document presents a novel hands-free control system for intelligent wheelchairs using head gesture recognition. The system uses a webcam to capture facial images and integrates the Adaboost face detection algorithm and Camshift tracking algorithm to recognize head gestures in real-time. Five frontal gestures - center, up, down, left, right - are mapped to control commands like speed up, slow down, turn left, turn right to maneuver the wheelchair. The system was demonstrated to accurately recognize profile faces and control the wheelchair through various head gestures. This provides a robust hands-free interface for elderly or disabled users with limited mobility.
The document discusses the design of a pick and place mechanical arm for loading and packing lead batteries at a workstation. It provides background on the history and components of mechanical arms, including their structure, power sources, actuation methods, touch and vision capabilities, and types of manipulation end effectors. The document outlines the steps to be taken in designing the mechanical arm, including selecting the product, defining the workspace, determining degrees of freedom, selecting parts, and interfacing the arm with humans.
The document describes a project to enhance the control of a robotic arm by allowing users to interact with a virtual robotic arm setup in Blender that is connected in real-time to a physical robotic arm with a microcontroller and servo motors. The virtual arm setup will mirror the movements of the physical arm, enabling more intuitive user control. A 3DOF robotic arm is used that can move in XYZ directions and has additional sensors, with the goal of making robotic arm control more interactive and user-friendly through a virtual interface.
According to the World Federation of the Deaf, only 10 percent of the worlds Deaf population receives any education, and only 3 percent receives this education in sign language. Another problem these deaf and face is inability to communicate with a person who does not understand the sign language. This project aims to reduce these problems by presenting a Sign Language. The project uses a hepatic glove to acquire signals corresponding to various hand gestures. The glove is interfaced with robot using an Arduino. Accelerometers are used to measure the angular displacement of human hand motion .The accelerometer controls the movement of the robot. Device is made of mainly two parts, one is RF transmitter and another is RF receiver. The RF transmitter will transmit the signal according to the position of accelerometer attached on your hand and the RF receiver will receive the signal and make the robot move in respective direction. Deepanshu Kiran | Himanshu Singh | Kushal Kant Singh Saxeriya ""Gesture Control Robot using Arduino"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23411.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/23411/gesture-control-robot-using-arduino/deepanshu-kiran
This document describes designing and developing a robotic arm using servo motors controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The robotic arm uses 4 servo motors to control each joint and imitate the motion of a human arm. The arm is physically controlled, with the signals replicated by the microcontroller to synchronously control the servo motors of the robotic arm. The objectives are to help disabled people perform tasks independently and to use such robotic arms for applications like automated manufacturing and bomb disposal.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Interaction Analysis Model - Gunawardena, Lowe e Anderson (1997)Mónica Aresta
Este documento discute a aplicação do modelo de análise de interações online de Gunawardena, Lowe e Anderson (1997). Descreve o modelo, sua aplicação em vários estudos sem adaptação e com adaptação do modelo, e considerações finais sobre a validade do modelo e oportunidades para futuras pesquisas.
Este documento trata sobre los aspectos generales del mantenimiento de plantas desde una perspectiva ISO. Define el mantenimiento como el conjunto de actividades que permiten mantener y recuperar la situación ideal de un sistema. Explica los diferentes tipos de mantenimiento como el reactivo, preventivo, predictivo y productivo total. Finalmente, presenta conceptos clave como la confiabilidad, parametros de mantenimiento y factores que permiten calcular la confiabilidad de un equipo.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
O documento descreve cinco situações espontâneas ocorridas em aulas de matemática na EJA que poderiam ser aproveitadas para ensinar conceitos matemáticos de forma contextualizada. As situações envolvem discussões sobre aluguel, descontos, inflação, preços de gasolina e quadros interativos que surgiram das interações entre professores e alunos. O objetivo é explorar como transformar esses momentos em oportunidades de aprendizagem.
Este documento descreve o processo de Design Thinking e como pode ser aplicado na educação. O Design Thinking é um processo criativo para resolver problemas que envolve descoberta de informações através de pesquisa, interpretação dos achados para gerar ideias, idealização por meio de brainstorming, experimentação com protótipos, e evolução das soluções ao longo do tempo com feedback. O documento detalha as etapas deste processo e como pode ser usado no ensino da história e artes para novas abordagens didáticas.
O documento discute as relações entre história, literatura e espaços museológicos. Em três frases:
1) Aborda como a história pode ser vista como uma arte e ciência, sendo uma representação das representações do passado através de fontes e narrativas.
2) Explora como museus podem comunicar significados através de objetos e como diferentes observadores podem ter perspectivas distintas.
3) Propõe um desafio colaborativo para criar uma atividade no Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga que faça uma ab
Este documento discute a importância de ensinar pessoas, especialmente estudantes, a ler e interpretar imagens de forma crítica. Argumenta que as imagens não são inocentes e que aprender a analisá-las ajuda as pessoas a serem menos manipuladas e consumistas. Também defende que museus devem preparar professores para ensinar estas habilidades visuais e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de sociedades democráticas.
Juanma Romero se encargó del programa Euroclub durante una semana en la que Laura Trigo estuvo de vacaciones. El 23 de diciembre Laura volvió a estar ausente pero regresó para el programa especial de Navidad de 3 horas el 24 de diciembre. Juanma también tuvo una semana de vacaciones excepto el 31 de diciembre donde presentó junto a Trigo el segundo especial de Navidad.
História e Ensino Criativo Reflexão FinalJoão Lima
Este documento discute a importância da criatividade no ensino de História e Geografia no 2o ciclo do Ensino Básico em Portugal. Ele argumenta que ensinar de forma criativa, como um contador de histórias, pode motivar os alunos a aprender. Também enfatiza que a criatividade não requer necessariamente novas tecnologias, mas sim uma mente aberta e capacidade de cooperação entre professores e alunos.
El grupo IIA del sistema periódico incluye los metales alcalinotérreos berilio, magnesio, calcio, estroncio y bario. Estos elementos se utilizan en una variedad de aplicaciones industriales y tecnológicas debido a sus propiedades como reductores, desecantes, y componentes de aleaciones ligeras y resistentes. El radio, inestable, se emplea en medicina y como fuente de neutrones.
Este documento discute a importância da criatividade no ensino de História e Geografia de Portugal para alunos do 2o ciclo do ensino básico. Os professores que participaram na formação destacam a necessidade de abordagens criativas que estimulem a imaginação dos alunos e o pensamento crítico, ao invés de uma transmissão passiva de informação. A criatividade deve ajudar os alunos a desenvolverem-se como cidadãos capazes de moldar o seu próprio futuro.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
O projeto EFA na Câmara Municipal de Lisboa tem como objetivo elevar o nível de habilitações escolares dos funcionários sem o 9o ano de escolaridade. O projeto inclui formação prévia, processo de reconhecimento de competências e certificação. Após 4 anos, o projeto elevou a qualificação de 10% dos funcionários e recebeu avaliações positivas dos adultos certificados sobre novas competências e autoestima.
Este documento apresenta três artigos sobre serviços educativos em instituições culturais em Portugal. O primeiro descreve os desafios enfrentados pelos serviços educativos e sua relação com os públicos. O segundo fornece uma visão geral dos serviços educativos nos museus portugueses. O terceiro se concentra na elaboração de planos de ação educativa para as instituições.
IRJET - Tele-Replication of Human Hand MovementsIRJET Journal
This document describes a system for remotely controlling a robotic arm to replicate human hand movements. The system aims to reduce costs by minimizing degrees of freedom at each joint and using potentiometers to sense movements instead of expensive sensors. An input console uses potentiometers to detect the user's arm movements. Signals are wirelessly transmitted via ZigBee to a ceiling-mounted robotic arm. The arm replicates a limited range of movements to perform precise tasks like surgery. The goal is to provide a lower-cost option for remote control of robotic arms in hazardous environments or developing countries.
The document describes a capstone project for the fabrication of a human controlled robotic hand. It was submitted by four students - Prashant Anand Ranjan, Akshay Kumar, Akshay Saini, and Hitesh Jyoti - in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering at Lovely Professional University, under the guidance of Puneet Kumar Dawer. The project involved designing and building a robotic hand that can be controlled by human input to mimic the movement of a real human hand.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document describes a system to control a robotic arm wirelessly using gestures detected by an accelerometer. The system uses an ADXL335 accelerometer attached to a human arm to capture gestures. An Arduino microcontroller digitizes the analog accelerometer and flex sensor data and sends the data wirelessly to an LPC1768 Cortex M3 microcontroller board. The LPC1768 controls the movements of a 5-axis robotic arm through motor drivers based on the received gesture character commands. The goal is to allow more intuitive control of industrial robots through wireless gesture recognition compared to traditional teach pendants.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
The document describes the design and implementation of an electronic gesture recognition system using an accelerometer to control a robotic arm. The system uses an ADXL335 3-axis accelerometer attached to a human arm to capture gestures. The accelerometer outputs analog voltages that are converted to digital signals and transmitted wirelessly to an LPC1768 microcontroller. The microcontroller controls a KSR10 robotic arm in response to the received signals. Experiments showed the system could successfully control the robotic arm movements in both dynamic and static modes using human gestures detected by the accelerometer.
Design and Development of Low Cost 3D Printed Ambidextrous Robotic Hand Drive...Mashood Mukhtar
This paper presents the mechanical design and development process of an ambidextrous robot hand driven by pneumatic muscles. The ambidextrous hand is capable of performing both right hand and left hand movements. In addition to ambidextrous movements, hand offers a range twice larger than common fingers. The mechanical design of an ambidextrous robot has been investigated in a way to reduce
maximum possible number of actuators. Actuated by only 18
pneumatic muscles, the ambidextrous hand has a total of 13
degrees of freedom which permit to imitate equally a hand of
each side. The ambidextrous hand is 3D printed after carefully
analyzing the material, tendon routing, kinematic performance
and overall design parameters. The main application areas of
this project are in rehabilitation and physiotherapy after strokes and management of phantom pain for amputees by controlling the robotic prosthesis remotely via internet and social media interface. The ambidextrous feature of the robotic hand allows completing the tele-rehabilitation for both left and right hands using one robotic device.
A robotic arm is a Programmable mechanical arm which copies the functions of the human arm. They
are widely used in industries. Human robot-controlled interfaces mainly focus on providing rehabilitation to
amputees in order to overcome their amputation or disability leading them to live a normal life. The major
objective of this project is to develop a movable robotic arm controlled by EMG signals from the muscles of the
upper limb. In this system, our main aim is on providing a low 2-dimensional input derived from emg to move the
arm. This project involves creating a prosthesis system that allows signals recorded directly from the human body.
The arm is mainly divided into 2 parts, control part and moving part. Movable part contains the servo motor
which is connected to the Arduino Uno board, and it helps in developing a motion in accordance with the EMG
signals acquired from the body. The control part is the part that is controlled by the operation according to the
movement of the amputee. Mainly the initiation of the movement for the threshold fixed in the coding. The major
aim of the project is to provide an affordable and easily operable device that helps even the poor sections of the
amputated society to lead a happier and normal life by mimicking the functions of the human arm in terms of both
the physical, structural as well as functional aspects.
Design and implementation of Arduino based robotic armIJECEIAES
This study presents the model, design, and construction of the Arduino based robotic arm, which functions across a distance as it is controlled through a mobile application. A six degree of freedom robotic arm has been designed and implemented for the purpose of this research. The design controlled by the Arduino platform receives orders from the user’s mobile application through wireless controlling signals, that is Bluetooth. The arm is made up of five rotary joints and an end effector, where rotary motion is provided by the servomotor. Each link has been first designed using solid works and then printed by 3D printer. The assembly of the parts of the robot and the motor’s mechanical shapes produce the final prototype of the arm. The Arduino has been programmed to provide rotation to each corresponding servo motor to the sliders in the designed mobile application for usage from distance.
This document proposes a soft robotic humanoid hand called MANUS to replace the rigid robotic hands currently used on robots such as Robonaut 2. The soft robotic hand would be made of flexible materials like silicone actuated by air pressure or electricity. It would have numerous benefits over rigid hands like being lighter, cheaper to produce, and having infinite degrees of freedom and range of motion. The document outlines the proposed design of the soft actuators, sensors, control system, and fabrication process. It also provides performance metrics to evaluate whether MANUS could exceed the capabilities of existing robotic hands.
IRJET- Robotic Hand Controlling using Flex Sensors and Arduino UNOIRJET Journal
This document describes a robotic hand that is controlled using flex sensors and an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Flex sensors are placed on each finger of a glove to sense finger movement. The flex sensor data is sent to the Arduino Uno which processes the data and sends signals to servo motors controlling each finger of the robotic hand. The robotic hand is able to replicate movements of the human hand wearing the flex sensor glove up to 50 meters away using a wireless module. The design provides a low-cost way to control a robotic hand using flex sensors and microcontroller processing to map human finger motions.
This document provides a review of the design and modeling of artificial hands. It discusses several key points:
1) Artificial hands are typically made of lightweight materials like acrylic, aluminum, and iron. They include embedded systems, sensors, microcontrollers and actuators to enable grasping and gripping of objects.
2) Sensors like EMG and joint angle sensors provide feedback to microcontrollers to control servomotors and actuate finger movement. This allows the hands to grasp objects of different shapes and sizes.
3) Several studies discuss prototypes of prosthetic hands and gloves that use pneumatic muscles, links, and 3D printing to create lightweight dexterous designs controllable using EMG signals from the user's
1) Students are developing a wireless-controlled animatronic hand that mimics the movement of a human hand wearing a control glove with flex sensors.
2) The animatronic hand will use servos, flex sensors, an Arduino microcontroller, and XBee modules for wireless communication to replicate the finger movements of the operator in real time.
3) Testing showed differences in range of motion between the human hand and animatronic hand, especially at extreme positions, requiring calibration of the flex sensors.
Novel Approaches for Robotic Control Using Flex SensorIJERA Editor
The aim of the project is to develop the Prosthetic robotic hand using flex sensor for amputees. The main aim of the project is to develop the robotic hand that performs pick and place activities. Here we are using flex sensors to sense the signals from artificial hand signal is transmitted and that signal is used to drive the mechanical hand. Stroke is the third leading cause of the death. Nearly 7, 00,000 people suffered from stroke last year and 2/3 rd of them survived but were left with many number of disabilities; one such disability is upper extremity hemiplegia. If the hand and the arm do not have therapy immediately after stroke, it will lose its power and muscle control, resulting in a claw like appearance and loss of function. Activities of the patient, daily living activities will be significantly affected.Prosthetic hand must resemble human hand in size and shape and must perform like human hand.
This document describes the design and development of a modular humanoid arm based on RC servo motors. The arm has 6 degrees of freedom from shoulder to wrist using RC servo motors at each joint. A PIC18F4520 microcontroller controls the servo motors through a controller board. The arm is able to perform motions mimicking human arm movement like pick and place tasks. The modular design allows replacing the pneumatic suction gripper with a multi-finger gripper for increased dexterity.
This document describes a final year project to build a gesture controlled robotic arm. A team of 4 students will build both a robotic arm and a gesture controlled glove. The arm will have 6 axes of rotation and be able to lift up to 1kg. The glove will contain flex sensors and an accelerometer to detect hand gestures and wirelessly control the arm's movement. The goal is to allow intuitive control of the robotic arm through natural hand gestures. Applications could include industrial tasks like welding or materials handling.
IRJET - A Novel Technology for Shooting SportsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a novel technology for shooting sports that uses sensors to analyze errors in a shooter's form and technique. The system uses an Arduino Nano, gyro sensor, sharp sensor, heartbeat sensor, temperature sensor and muscle sensors to track deviations in the shooter's posture, movement, stress on the gun, and other biometrics. The data is analyzed by coaches and the shooter to identify mistakes and customize training sessions. The goal is to help shooters improve their skills and performance through objective tracking and analysis of even minor form errors that might otherwise go unnoticed.
This document describes a final year project to develop a gesture controlled robotic arm. A team of 4 students will build the robotic arm and a wearable hand glove controller. Sensors in the glove will detect hand gestures which will wirelessly control the motion of the robotic arm. The aim is to allow intuitive human-machine interaction. The robotic arm will use servos for motion and the glove will use flex sensors and an accelerometer to detect gestures. An Arduino microcontroller will process the glove sensor data and send commands to the arm over Bluetooth. Potential applications include industrial tasks like assembly and materials handling.
The document describes the development of an improved accurate trajectory control system for an industrial hydraulic robotic arm. Key points:
1) A PC-based control system was developed to control a hydraulic robotic arm for pick and place tasks with high tracking accuracy. The system uses sensors to measure the arm positions and a control software program to send commands to actuate the arm.
2) The arm has five hydraulic cylinders that rotate its links and an end effector. Sensors provide feedback on link positions to the control software connected to the system via a data acquisition card.
3) Experiments showed the system successfully completed 9 out of 10 pick and place trials, demonstrating its high tracking accuracy for industrial applications.
The document describes a hybrid mobile arm robot that can be controlled both through hand gestures detected by an accelerometer and through a mobile phone using DTMF technology. The base of the robot is controlled by hand gestures detected by an accelerometer module worn on the hand. Signals from the accelerometer are sent to a microcontroller and transmitted via RF to the robot. The upper arm and gripper can be controlled through a mobile phone by pressing buttons, generating DTMF tones that are decoded by a module on the robot. The robot has potential applications in military and household tasks by allowing remote control of its movement and grasping.
This document describes an ink-less electro pen device for human-computer interaction. The pen contains an accelerometer, microcontroller, and wireless transmission module. It allows a user to write digits and letters normally, which are then transmitted to a computer. The computer applies a trajectory recognition algorithm using features like zero-crossing points and range to identify the handwritten input. The algorithm segments acceleration data, extracts features, and uses a probabilistic neural network classifier to recognize digits and some letters with good accuracy. The portable pen provides a natural writing interface without needing keyboards. It aims to improve usability in applications where pen input is convenient.
Haptic gloves controlled robotic arm using MEMS accelerometerijiert bestjournal
Robots of the current generation have been used in fields isolated from the human society. The definitions of robotics are numerous and varied,ultimately they all deal with a labour - saving machine that with increasing technological capabilities gets clos er and closer to human mechanical and mental capabilities. In order to represent the robotic technology in the field of human - machine interaction and wireless communication for allows interactivity in real - time with virtual objects it is very necessary to develop some or the other technology that makes the maximum use of robot to help people do their work in an efficient way in their day to day life . The main objective of the project is to design and develop the Robot that is used to move using wireless sys tem by recognizing hand motion that is controlled by haptics technology for virtual environment & human - machine systems capable of haptic interaction.
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptxoperationspcvita
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
👉 Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
📕 Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
👉 Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham HillLizaNolte
HERE IS YOUR WEBINAR CONTENT! 'Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr. Graham Hill'. We hope you find the webinar recording both insightful and enjoyable.
In this webinar, we explored essential aspects of Customer Journey Management and personalization. Here’s a summary of the key insights and topics discussed:
Key Takeaways:
Understanding the Customer Journey: Dr. Hill emphasized the importance of mapping and understanding the complete customer journey to identify touchpoints and opportunities for improvement.
Personalization Strategies: We discussed how to leverage data and insights to create personalized experiences that resonate with customers.
Technology Integration: Insights were shared on how inQuba’s advanced technology can streamline customer interactions and drive operational efficiency.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
L41047379
1. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
RESEARCH ARTICLE
www.ijera.com
OPEN ACCESS
Design And Implementation Of Anthropomorphic Robotic Arm
Ashish Sharma1, Kelvin Lewis2, Vaqar Ansari3, Vivian Noronha4
1-4
(Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, St Francis Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India)
ABSTRACT
The report focuses on the design and demonstration of an anthropomorphic robotic arm with seven degrees of
freedom using readily available low-cost components to perform different real time human hand applications.
The robotic arm consists of a shoulder, elbow, wrist and a five-finger gripper. It can perform different gripping
actions, such as lateral, spherical, cylindrical and tip-holding gripping actions; each finger has three movable
links. The actuator used for the robotic arm is a high torque dc servo motor and the five-finger gripper consists of
five cables placed like tendons in the human arm. Implementation is done using a human hand glove which
senses the motion from sensor technology to produce a proportional analog voltage, digitized via the
microcontroller Atmel ATmega32. The microcontroller then through the processed signal controls the
mechanical structure that is the robotic arm.
Keywords – Actuator, Anthropomorphic, Degree of Freedom, Microcontroller, Sensor Technology,
I.
INTRODUCTION
The importance of robotic arm in all
manufacturing industries is growing. Robots have
replaced human beings in a wide variety of
industries. Robots outperform humans in jobs that
require precision, speed, endurance and reliability. In
related work, Nicholas Thayer and Shashank Priya
presented the biomimetic design and performance of
a 19 DOF robotic humanoid hand, the dexterous
anthropomorphic robotic typing (DART) hand [1].
Similarities between human joints and robot joints
were highlighted in terms of basic functional
characteristics such as independent joint and finger
control, range of motion, output forces, weight and
speed. Another important characteristic in this design
was maintaining the human form because tasks such
as tying shoes, holding mugs, opening doors and
typing on keyboards are tailored for human hands.
Haiying Hu et al describe a master-slave teleoperation system [2] which is developed to evaluate
the effectiveness of tele-operation in tele-robotics
applications. The operator wears a data glove
augmented with an arm-grounded force feedback
device to control the dexterous hand and utilizes a
Space ball to control robot arm. Most of dexterous
hands are tele-operated by data glove [1] [2] while
others are controlled by moving the operator’s arm
with tracker mounted on the wrist [3]. This system
tracks the human hand through the use of vision
system, which has the advantage of being nonintrusive at a penalty of cost and complexity.
Samuel Schuler et al using Dexterous Robot
Arm (DEXARM) presented the design and
development of a joint [4].A new type of 3 DOF arm
using tendon drive and fine motor control was
developed to mimic biology's arm structure by Klug
www.ijera.com
et al [5]. The design proposed in the paper [5] is a
unique implementation of tendon drives with built in
compliance. The problem that they were trying to
eliminate is the need to use very rigid, large links to
prevent arm flex. With their link and actuation
design, they can use less rigid links and also be more
human friendly. Scaling from 3 to 7 DOF is clearly a
challenge for them that have not yet been solved. The
work of Tondu et al on a seven DOF arm provided
necessary anthropomorphic background needed for
our project. In their project [6], they chose to use
opposing air muscles as actuators. This arm served as
the closest analogy to the arm described in his thesis.
Zhe Xu et al [7] presented the design of an
anthropomorphic robotic finger system that has the
potential to become a close replica of the human
finger. The system has three main components: a
modular design of three highly biomimetic finger
joints, a series of simplified pulley-based tendon
mechanisms, and a pneumatic actuation system with
low friction and inertia and high force output. In
"Cora: Anthropomorphic Robot Assistant"[8] the
researchers used an off the shelf, light weight 7 DOF
arm from Amtec. The goal was to use the robot in
conjunction with different sensors to look at
interactions between the robot and its environment.
Loredana Zollo et al [9] proposed bio-mechatronic
approach to the design of an anthropomorphic
artificial hand able to mimic the natural motion of the
human fingers. The work specifically addressed the
optimization of an existing artificial hand prototype
by identifying the detailed refinements needed on the
design of one finger in order to obtain an improved
biomorphic behavior with respect to the natural hand.
In the area of anthropomorphic robotics, there have
been a string of noteworthy research efforts worth
73 | P a g e
2. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
www.ijera.com
mentioning. While not meant to be a complete list,
the following presents a snapshot of the field.
II.
BLOCK DIAGRAM AND FLOWCHART
Figure 2.1: Block diagram
From figure 2.1, we can observe that the
output of the sensor technology which is attached
to the glove is amplified if necessary and then
sampled using inbuilt ADC within the controller
and is processed to the servo motor which would
affect the mechanical structure. The analog voltage
needs to be amplified to make the microcontroller
understand of the change. The amplified signal is
fed to the driver circuit which drives the motor to
rotate to corresponding angle for a corresponding
input.
Figure 2.2: Flowchart of working of finger
www.ijera.com
Figure 2.3: Flowchart of working of Wrist
Fig 2.4: Flowchart of working of Wrist
74 | P a g e
3. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
Initially the user has to wear the glove that
controls the robotic arm and leave that part of his arm
in rest position for initial calibration of the sensors.
Switch on supply of the device the ATmega32
microcontroller is programmed to constantly check
for any incoming analog inputs from different sensors
placed at various locations. If there is no motion
made by the user, the input to the microcontroller
will remain constant and it will continue the same
cycle of scanning over and over again. If there is any
kind of motion made by the user’s arm that is
measureable (i.e. greater than or equal to the
threshold value input voltage), the following process
takes place. As the user moves any part of his arm the
various sensors (i.e. Potentiometer, Accelerometer)
develop a change in the potential. These potential
differences if measurable are analog in nature and are
fed to the atmega32 microcontrollers ADC input
pins. The input fed to these pins are then converted to
8/10 digital output values and stored in the
ADCH/ADCL register depending on left-shift or
right- shift operation. Once the digital outputs
through these registers are obtained they can be used
to generate the appropriate PWM signal for motion of
mechanical arm.
III.
www.ijera.com
static to overcome difficulty in small variation of
motion and also emphasis the need of reference
plane position. The choice of dynamic variation
eases out the motion to a position and also
eliminates re-initialization of reference position at
startup. The analog values are digitized using inbuilt ADC of atmega32 which provides 10-bit
resolution. The MCU has 8 ADC channels for
provisioning of 8 analog inputs (ADC0-8) of which 3
are used for the axis variations in Fig. 5.3. The Data
Direction registers of pins are pulled up to 0 to act as
input. Sensitivity mode 0 is chosen from the below
table 5.1. All three axes have been utilized for
calculation of relative position of the accelerometer.
Relative x and y position are computed using z as the
reference axis.
Table 2: Reference controlling input for
Accelerometer
DESIGN STAGES
The microcontroller Atmega32 needs to be
interfaced with following hardware units for project
implementation.
Side view of reference position
3.1 Potentiometer
The potentiometer provides analog voltage
values for the variation in slider of potentiometer.
The generated analog voltage is converted to digital
values by ADC within the microcontroller
ATMEGA32. The ADC value is given by equation
Top view of reference position
Fig 3.1: Mounting of potentiometer on Hand glove
3.2 Triple axis Accelerometer
The accelerometer provides analog voltages
values for the 3-axis as per the variation of
acceleration. Dynamic acceleration is chosen over
www.ijera.com
Downward motion
75 | P a g e
4. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
www.ijera.com
at least 10 kg within a radius of 1 centimeter.
Likewise, the wrist is equipped with a servo motor of
15 kg-cm which enables it to carry the payload as
well as the fingers. The figures 3.1 and 3.2
demonstrate the placements of these servo motors
into their respective position.
Upward motion
Fig. 3.2: Palm servo motors
Left motion
Right motion
3.3 Servo Motor
The servo motor can be moved to a desired
angular position by sending PWM (pulse width
modulated) signals on the control wire. The servo
understands the language of pulse position
modulation. A pulse of width varying from 1
millisecond to 2 milliseconds in a repeated time
frame is sent to the servo for around 50 times in a
second. The width of the pulse determines the
angular position. The servo motor used is Futaba
s3003. Each Finger of the arm uses a servo motor of
10 kg-cm torque. This enables it to carry a payload of
www.ijera.com
Fig. 3.3: Wrist servo motors
3.4 DC Motor
Since the load of the circuit from the elbow
to the finger in the mechanical unit that is robotic arm
is more for a servo motor to handle, the elbow and
shoulder are implemented using DC Motors. Most
DC motors are normally very easy to reverse. By
simply changing the polarity of the DC input, the
76 | P a g e
5. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
direction of the drive shaft reverses. This property
makes DC motors very popular among enthusiast
people involved in robotics. In most cases, DC
geared motors are used. The changeover process
(reverse in direction due to reverse in polarity) can be
achieved via a simple changeover switch (DPDT
switch) or for a remote or electronic control, via a
suitable
relay.
However,
when
we
use
microcontroller unit in our circuit, we don’t need a
relay. The necessary control signals will be generated
by the control unit. This signal will be passed there is
a microcontroller. Now, this control unit may/may
not take in inputs (inputs as in from sensors, other
digital inputs, etc.). Next, as per our programming,
the MCU will generate control signals. The
microcontroller will generate signals in form of
HIGH (Vcc = 5v) or LOW (zero) but this voltage is
insufficient to drive a motor. That’s why we need to
use a Motor Driver. A motor driver always has a
battery input Vs (which depends upon the rating of
the motor). In simple terms, what a motor driver does
is that it directs the Vs voltage to the motors
connected (or in fact, the output pins) to it. Thus, the
motors behave as per the control signals generated
using the control unit with the excitation from the
external battery voltage. The most commonly used
motor driver is the L293DSince the minimum current
ratings required to drive the DC motor of our project
is 2ma. Hence we have chosen L298 motor driver.
The point of doing torque calculations is for motor
selection. We must make sure that the motor we
choose can not only support the weight of the robot
arm, but also what the robot arm will carry .The first
step is to label your free body diagram (FBD), with
the robot arm stretched out to its maximum length.
Torque calculated here is torque at rest robotic arm
(not in motion) .So rating of torque in servo motor is
greater than calculated value.
www.ijera.com
Fig. 3.4: DC Motors in the elbow
Table 3: Torque of each DC Motor used
Sr.no
Part of the
robotic arm
Minimum
necessary
(kg-cm)
Use
(kg-cm)
1
Elbow yaw
15
25
2
3
Elbow pitch
Shoulder
9.1
41
10
45
Fig. 3.5: DC Motor in the shoulder
IV.
Results
The hand glove Unit shown in the above
Fig. 4.1 consists of Controlling glove, Potentiometer,
Accelerometer, Microcontroller AVR ATmega32 and
Wire connection. The actions traced by hand glove
are performed by the mechanical unit that is robotic
arm
www.ijera.com
77 | P a g e
6. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
www.ijera.com
Table 4: Kinematics of Robotic Arm
Degree of Freedom
7
Payload Capacity(Fully
150gm
Extended)
Maximum Reach(Fully
35cm
Extended)
Rated speed(Adjustable)
0-0.3 m/s
Joint speed(Adjustable)
0-60 rpm
Hardware interface
manual wiring
Control Software
AVR Studio 4
Shoulder Pitch
180°
Elbow Pitch
180°
Wrist Pitch
180°
Gripper Opening(Max)
8cm
Fig. 4.1: Hand glove unit
Fig. 4.2: Mechanical unit
The mechanical unit in Fig.4.2 is the
response machine for the input provided by Hand
glove unit. It consists of DC Motors with motor-driver
circuitry and Servo motor.
www.ijera.com
The robotic arm has seven servos which are
controlled through the use of two microcontroller
ATmega32. It could grab things approximately in a
hemisphere of 50cm and is robust made completely
with an aluminum sheet of 2.5mm. It is very user
friendly because of the hand glove interface
developed by us, even layman could operate it. It
could lift objects up to weight of 200 gm. It enables
the base rotation without the help of any gears or ball
bearing, also using only low torque servo motors and
one dc motor for rotating the whole body. This keeps
the design of robotic arm gripper simple, as well as
implementing the gripping mechanism without using
gears. It can track the hand motion that is static as
well as dynamic motion with efficiency.
V.
CONCLUSION
Anthropomorphic robotic arm with seven
degrees of freedom is built in this research. It is able
to handle multiple levels of complexity and produce
consistency in its application. The levels of
complexity of robots is defined by the members used
in it, number of limbs, number of actuators and
sensors used and for advanced robots the type and
number of microcontrollers used. The prototype built
has low latency period, high flexibility and fast
response to the user manual inputs. Robotic
applications include material handling (pick and
place), assembling, painting, welding, packaging,
palletizing, product inspection and testing. Due to the
limitations of the equipment, time and also cost, it
can be further improved in order to perform more
complex tasks. Several major changes can be done to
improve the functionality and flexibility of the entire
design of the paper.
This prototype can be further improved by
using high power motor with high torque and also
using light weight motors. While using in the field of
medical, increasing accuracy and consistency while
decreasing latency will be of prime importance. This
can be done by using the robotic arm with tactile
sensors, proximity sensors. The arm built can be
78 | P a g e
7. Vivian Noronha et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 1( Version 4), January 2014, pp.73-79
improved based on the wiring connections between
servo motors and the control unit. Instead of having
so many wires tangling around, the wires can actually
be properly sealed together with the servo motors.
This will help make the connections more secure and
safe. Above and beyond, to reduce the risk of short
circuits and to develop a better aesthetic, wireless
system can also be implemented into the design
where interfacing with a host computer is not needed.
RF transmitters and receivers can also be installed as
part of the wireless system. This enables the robot to
move in a wider range as compared to the robotic
arm built in this research.
VI.
REFERENCES
[2]
[3]
Nicholas Thayer and Shashank Priya,
“Design and implementation of a dexterous
anthropomorphic robotic typing (DART)
hand”, IOP Science Journal on smart
material structure, 20(3), 2011.
Haiying Hu, Jiawei Li, Zongwu Xie, Bin
Wang, Hong Liu and Gerd Hirzinger “A
Robot Arm/Hand Teleoperation System with
Telepresence
and
Shared
Control”,
Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/ASME
International Conference on Advanced
Intelligent Mechatronics, July, 2005, 24-28.
Pantelis T. Katsiaris, Panagiotis K.
Artemiadis and Kostas J. Kyriakopoulos,
“Modeling Anthropomorphism in Dynamic
Human
Arm
Movements”,
IEEE
International Conference on Robotics and
Automation, Oct 2010, 3507 - 3512.
www.ijera.com
[5]
[6]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank the project co-ordinators Mr.
Santosh Chapaneri and Ms. Kavita Sakhardande for
arranging the necessary facilities to carry out the
research work.
[1]
[4]
[7]
[8]
[9]
www.ijera.com
Zhe Xu, Vikash Kumar, Yoky Matsuoka and
Emanuel Todorov, “Design of an
anthropomorphic robotic finger system with
biomimetic
artificial
joints”,
IEEE
International Conference on Biomedical
Robotics and Biomechatronics, 2012, 568 574.
Sebastian Klug1, Bernhard Möhl2, Oskar
von Stryk1 and Oliver Barth, “Design and
Application of a 3 DOF Bionic Robot Arm”,
Proc. AMAM, 2005, September 25-30, 2005.
B. Tondu, S. Ippolito, J. Guiochet, “A
Seven-degrees-of
freedom
Robot-arm
Driven by Pneumatic Artificial Muscles for
Humanoid Robots”, International Journal of
Robotics Research, 2005.
Namal A. Senanayake, Khoo B. How, and
Quah
W.
Wai,
“Tele-Operated
Anthropomorphic Arm and Hand Design”,
World Academy of Science, Engineering
and Technology, 2008.
Ioannis Iossifidis1, Carsten Bruckhoff,
Christoph Theis, Claudia Grote, Christian
Faubel, Gregor Schoner, “Cora: An
Anthropomorphic Robot Assistant for
Human Environment”, Proceedings. 11th
IEEE International Workshop on Robot and
Human Interactive Communication, 2002,
392 - 398.
LoredanaZollo, Stefano Roccella, Eugenio
Guglielmelli, M. Chiara Carrozza, and Paolo
Dario, “Biomechatronic Design and Control
of an Anthropomorphic Artificial Hand for
Prosthetic and Robotic Applications”,
IEEE/ASME
Transactions
on
Mechantronics, 12(4), August 2007, 418 –
429.
79 | P a g e