This document discusses fog harvesting as a solution to water scarcity problems in hilly northeastern regions of India. It explains that fog harvesting uses large pieces of mesh to collect water from fog, which is then stored in reservoirs. While fog harvesting has disadvantages like requiring high humidity and maintenance, the document proposes ways to address these issues through community participation and combining it with rainwater harvesting. It provides examples of fog harvesting implementations in Nepal and cost estimates. Topo-sequential cropping is also summarized as an approach to optimize crop growth on sloping land through suitable crop selection and combinations in different slope positions.
Presenters: Norman Uphoff and Amir Kassam
Title: Agroecological Strategies for Regenerative, Climate-Smart Agriculture with examples from CA and SRI
Venue: World Bank, Washington, DC
Date: September 29, 2016
Sponsor: The 1818 Society and Agriculture Global Practice, World Bank, Washington, DC
Presenters: Norman Uphoff and Amir Kassam
Title: Agroecological Strategies for Regenerative, Climate-Smart Agriculture with examples from CA and SRI
Venue: World Bank, Washington, DC
Date: September 29, 2016
Sponsor: The 1818 Society and Agriculture Global Practice, World Bank, Washington, DC
Field Visit Observation Prepared and presented by
Meaza Melkamu (grouped with Birehanu and Sileshi)
ACT, Policy and Strategy Adviser
February 28, 2020
Hawassa, Ethiopia
Mike McGahuey, Natural Resources Management Specialist, USAID
Presentation from March 1, 2012 discussion on experiences in the Sahel using Climate Smart Agriculture to increase productivity and resiliency including lessons learned from farmer innovations and observed landscape transformations in Niger, Burkina Faso & Mali.
FInd out more at http://www.wri.org/event/2012/03/building-climate-smart-agriculture-and-resiliency-sahel
Stephen Loss and Hichem Ben Salem presentation during the event "Conservation Agriculture: Overcoming the challenges to adoption and scaling-up" held by IFAD jointly with the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
Improving Agricultural Water Productivity in the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyoja...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development,
Presentation at the session of 12 February: TU - ICARDA Satellite Symposium : Crop Improvement for Sustainable Production.
Improving Agricultural Water Productivity in the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana (IGNP). A joint project between ICARDA and CAZRI
Vinay Nangia, N.D. Yadava, M.L. Soni and V.S. Rathore
ICRISAT Annual Report - Agricultural and digital technologies approach- Integ...ICRISAT
Faced with frequent unpredictable dry spells, farmers rely on mobile climate advisories for critical and timely information to decide when to sow crops and when to store or release harvested rainwater in villages.
Title: Insights into Plant-Microbial Symbiosis and Implications for Sustainable Agriculture –Giving Attention to ‘Inner Space’
Date: 26 January 2013
Presented by Norman Uphoff at the National Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Research (IDIAP), Santo Domingo, Domincan Republic
Installment 8 of “World Resources Report: Creating a Sustainable Food Future” explores the potential to improve water management in rice production in order to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and save water. Find out more at http://www.wri.org/blog/2014/12/more-rice-less-methane
Field Visit Observation Prepared and presented by
Meaza Melkamu (grouped with Birehanu and Sileshi)
ACT, Policy and Strategy Adviser
February 28, 2020
Hawassa, Ethiopia
Mike McGahuey, Natural Resources Management Specialist, USAID
Presentation from March 1, 2012 discussion on experiences in the Sahel using Climate Smart Agriculture to increase productivity and resiliency including lessons learned from farmer innovations and observed landscape transformations in Niger, Burkina Faso & Mali.
FInd out more at http://www.wri.org/event/2012/03/building-climate-smart-agriculture-and-resiliency-sahel
Stephen Loss and Hichem Ben Salem presentation during the event "Conservation Agriculture: Overcoming the challenges to adoption and scaling-up" held by IFAD jointly with the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
Improving Agricultural Water Productivity in the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyoja...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development,
Presentation at the session of 12 February: TU - ICARDA Satellite Symposium : Crop Improvement for Sustainable Production.
Improving Agricultural Water Productivity in the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana (IGNP). A joint project between ICARDA and CAZRI
Vinay Nangia, N.D. Yadava, M.L. Soni and V.S. Rathore
ICRISAT Annual Report - Agricultural and digital technologies approach- Integ...ICRISAT
Faced with frequent unpredictable dry spells, farmers rely on mobile climate advisories for critical and timely information to decide when to sow crops and when to store or release harvested rainwater in villages.
Title: Insights into Plant-Microbial Symbiosis and Implications for Sustainable Agriculture –Giving Attention to ‘Inner Space’
Date: 26 January 2013
Presented by Norman Uphoff at the National Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Research (IDIAP), Santo Domingo, Domincan Republic
Installment 8 of “World Resources Report: Creating a Sustainable Food Future” explores the potential to improve water management in rice production in order to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and save water. Find out more at http://www.wri.org/blog/2014/12/more-rice-less-methane
Rainwater Harvesting Technologies in Makueni County, Kenyainventy
Rainwater harvesting has been in existence for many years and has positively impacted life, agriculture and economy. Despite these known benefits of rainwater harvesting, Makueni County's population is slowly adopting rainwater harvesting technologies. Water scarcity still remains a major constraint to life and economic development in the County. The aim of this paper is to evaluate rainwater harvesting technologies and the factors contributing to adoption of the technologies in the ASAL areas with Makueni County being the case study. The study was conducted in Wanzauni and Itetani locations in Tulimani division, Mbooni West district, Makueni County within Kenya's Eastern Region which lies within the arid and semi arid ecological zones of Kenya. A total of 160 household questionnaires were administered, focus group discussions and key informants interviews done during data collection exercise. The data was analyzed using Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS). Various rainwater harvesting technologies (RWHTs) are used within Makueni County including macro-catchment (earth dams, sand/sub-surface dams), micro-catchment (Zai pits, strip catchment, tillage, contour and semi-circular bunds) and rooftop rainwater harvesting technologies with rooftop catchment being the most commonly used technique. However, adoption of these RWHTs in Makueni County is slow irrespective of their potential to improve livelihoods. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict factors affecting adoption of RWHTs within 160 households in Makueni County. Some of the factors found to have statistically-significant positive effect on the adoption of RWHT are gender, literacy levels, social and economic status and technological know-how on RWHT. Ways of promoting the adoption of RWHTs such as capacity building and training, poverty alleviation through enhancement of income generation activities, enhanced formation of community groups aimed at water development activities, and improved designs incorporating mechanized technologies in favour of women and children, are recommended.
ISEWP will facilitate (technically) agencies in the implementation process of sustainable rice based agro-ecosystems.
All relevant agencies will implement sustainable rice field agro-ecosystems through Policy formulation, participatory technology demonstration, fund diversion, knowledge management. .
All agricultural users will adopt rice agro-ecosystem practices'
through
Participatory technology demonstration, extension and training.
Presentation made at the Inception Workshop held on 20th September 2019 at National Agriculture Information & Communication Centre, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka for the Project 'Healthy Landscapes - Healthy People UNEP-GEF Project on Healthy Landscapes:Managing agricultural landscapes in socio-ecologically sensitive areas to promote food security, well-being and ecosystem health in Sri Lanka. The presentation argues that human health can be ensured by improving the ecosystem health
This was a presentation done at a working session meeting by the African Group of Negotiators (AGN), United National Economic Commission for Africa/African Climate Policy Centre (UNECA/ACPC), Africa Development Bank (AfDB), The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and AfricaInteract with support from International Development Research Centre (IDRC) for the agriculture and gender negotiators and experts to prepare the AGN submission to the upcoming 44th session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) scheduled to take place from 16 to 26 May 2016 in Bonn, Germany.
Presented by Siti Nurbaya, Minister of Environment and Forestry, Indonesia, at "Peatlands, a Super Nature Based Solution Teleconference", July 5th, 2021
Big Data for Building Inclusive Agriculture in Dry Areas ICARDA
25 to 30 August. The World Water Week in Stockholm is an annual focal point for the globe’s water issues. Organized by the Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI), and supported by the United Nations water programs.
Wednesday 28 August
“Big data for all”, can it help improve agricultural productivity?
Technological innovations for boosting crop productivity in dryland.pptxAvick Kumar Kundu
This presentation describes about few of the Innovations that have been made for improving the crop productivity under the dryland agriculture system. Success stories are also added for convenience. This was my college seminar presentation, hope it suits well.
Sustainable agriculture development in EthiopiaIFOAM
Hailu Araya, Institute for Sustainable Development (Ethiopia) presents the Ethiopian Sustainable Development Project at the IFOAM side event at UNFCCC SB 32, Bonn, June 3rd 2010
Presented by Birhanu Z. Birhanu, Matthew P. McCartney, Bharat Sharma, Joshua Ogunwole, Gerba Leta and Seleshi B. Awlachew at the International Conference on Ecosystem Conservation and Sustainable Development, Ambo University, Ethiopia, 10-12 February 2011.
Watershed/Landscape Management for Multiple Benefits and Climate Resilience ...CIFOR-ICRAF
Learn how watershed and landscape management can be made climate resilient and be designed for multiple benefits. This presentation by Sally Bunning, Senior Land/Soils officer of the FAO Land and Water Division focuses on the principles of integrated watershed management, experiences, strategy and lessons learned based on the experiences from East Africa.
Building Climate Smart FARMERSThe Indian PerspectiveICARDA
Presented by
DR. KIRIT N SHELAT, I.A.S. (Rtd)
National Council for Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD)
AHMEDABAD - INDIA
History and characteristics of the Indian agriculture sector and its transition from traditional to commercial agriculture and the problems it faces, can only be understand through its literature review. Modern agricultural practices and the relationship with environmental depletion have also been assessed. The developmental challenges faced by the Indian agriculture sector in particular and developing nations in general
This is part 2 of the 14th lesson of the course - Indigenous Knowledge Systems taught to Master Students in Agriculture at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
Krishak-Mitra
1. MANTHAN
A journey towards Evergreen Revolution…
Submitted by
Krishak-Mitra
Rahul Saini
Gaurav Kumar
Mayank Lodha
Nilotpal Mukherjee
Vidyarthi Baddireddy
2. Milk
Largest Producer
128 Mn T
F & V
Rank #2
Food Grains
Rank #2
(218 Mn T)
Cattle / buffaloes
Largest in the world
Tea
Largest Producer
(0.85 Mn T)
Poultry
Over 65 Bn Eggs
Annually
Goat & Sheep
182 million
Fisheries
Aquaculture: 2nd
Mariculture : 8th
INDIAN AGRICULTURAL SCENARIO
Reduction in per capita
availability of land
Fragmentation due to land
ceiling acts & family disputes
Improper Management of
Irrigation
Inefficient System Management
of Surface water
High rate of Urbanization Urbanization has led to Global
Warming &unproductive lands
Additional jobs in Farming
unavailable
inadequate Processing units,has
restricted jobs to farming
Use of Technology is
inadequate
Due to ignorance, high cost &
impracticality of small land
holdings
MACRO ISSUES
3. MAJOR PROBLEMS FACED IN INDIA
Land:
Increasing Salinity,
Friability of soil
Reducing fertility,
Bringing more marginal land under cultivation, while fertile land is
being diverted to non-productive activities
Average size of operational holding= 1.23 ha, with 83% below 2 ha
India’s Productivity= ¼(World’s highest)
Irrigation:
Still only 35-40% of all arable area
Man-Power:
In last 15 years, over 3 lakh farmer committ-
ed suicide
Rural labor is shifting to non-agricultural
works, putting pressure on farm wages
Seed-banks need to be developed and
accessible to the farmers
Climate Change:
Lower mean rainfall and higher variability
No single-policy can satisfy all the 15 Agro-
climatic regions of India
No value-addition in agricultural goods
Monoculture and nutrient imbalance
Post-Harvesting losses as high as 25-40% due to shortage of
warehousing and Cold-storage facilities
Over 17,500 tonnes of food-grain damaged between 2009
and 2012 in FCI godowns , Institutional finance, insurance and
marketing inaccessible
Forestry:
Use JFMC mechanism in coordination with Panchayat bodies
Agro-forestry and Agri-silvi-pastoral farming depending on
slopes
Livestock:
Pasture protection and management
Usufruct sharing with regulated grazing
Involving Dairy cooperatives in breed and feed
issues, revisit breeding strategies and make
fodder-development higher priority in both
animal husbandry and cropping
Integrate livestock with dry land farming in dry
areas
In humid areas, emphasize more on cross-bred
hybrids
Fishery:
Diversify to inland areas
Improve quality seeds at lower prices
Storage and preservation facilities
Using GPS-based boats in marine fishing
Irrigation Issues
Failure of PDS System
Opportunity cost in All
India River Linking Plan
ATMA
(Not much Tangible
Impact)
NAFED
(Ill Equipped)
DEMOCRATICSETUP
((Bureaucracy and
lack of Collective
Effort)
4. S.No. Problems Implementation Plan Impact
1 Poor Soil and soil
management
Topo-Sequencing: 1.Gentle Slope- Agro-Silvi-
Pastoral-Farming
Making the best use of the
sloping surface of the north-east
for sustainable productivity
2.Medium Slope- Silvi-Pastures
3.Steep Slope- Silviculture
2 Over-grazing leading
to soil-erosion
Scientific Regulated Grazing (Stall-feeding) It will allow for the sustainable
quantity of soil-binding grasses
and equitable share for all
3 Frequent floods
leading to crop-loss
Decentralize flood-water management and
integrate with fishing
It will lead to buffer against
water stress/excess in extreme
conditions
4 Low productivity Sericulture, Horticulture, Olericulture,
Floriculture and Herbiculture can be
promoted in the hilly areas
These are high value, low
volume agri-products feasible
for the climatic conditions of the
north-east
5 Supplementary
Income not there
Apiculture is apt for tribal and hilly regions Eco-friendly, women-oriented
way for supplementary income
Implementation Plan: Agricultural productivity in North-eastern India
5. S.No. Problems Implementation Plan Impact
6 Lack of technological
intervention
Technology like Mist-Formation system and
fertigation for tea, coffee, orchards, herbs,
horticulture, olericulture, etc.
Low volume high value crops can
utilize these costly interventions
feasibly
7 Supplementary
Income not there
Rural and Plantation Tourism can be
promoted as a subsidiary source of income
This is a new way for reaping
higher incomes
8 Low morale of
farmers for lack of
high remuneration
Low-volume, high-value agro-industries like
pharma,fragnance, food-processing, etc.need
to be developed
These industries can be easily
integrated with the agricultural
output and lead to high value-
addition
9 Jhumming/Shifting
Agriculture
Benefits of Settled agriculture can be
communicated through local Panchayats
This will result in better
agricultural productivity
10 Ignorance about the
use of modern
technology
Extension Services including R&D to be
targeted
Optimum usage of technology
for higher productivity
11 Poor Quality
Livestock
Cross-bred hybrids of Livestock It will lead to better disease-
resistant and high-productivity
cattle
Implementation Plan: Agricultural productivity in North-eastern India
6. Reasons for selection
Hilly area with high availability of
fog
Wind speed favourable for fog
harvesting
Unaffected by drought
Low project implementation and
maintenance costs
Simple technology and
maintenance
When fog collection is used for
irrigation to increase forested areas
or vegetation coverage, it can help
to counteract the desertification
process
Can be used as Safe drinking
water: Water quality meets WHO
guidelines
Problems
Droughts affect this part of
the country
Hilly area, not economically
and technically viable to
provide water through
regular sources
Rainwater harvesting is
relatively harder in hilly areas
What is fog harvesting?
Collection of water from fog
Principle of condensation:
Atmospheric water vapour from the
air naturally condenses on cold
surfaces into droplets of liquid water
known as dew
Using large pieces of vertical
canvas to make the fog condense
into droplets of water
Mid-1980s: Meteorological Service
of Canada (MSC) began constructing
and deploying large fog collecting
devices on Mount Sutton in Quebec
Irrigation Potential in North-East
7. Disadvantages of Fog Harvesting Steps which will be followed by us to tackle
Frequent fog presence is needed. Minimum 90%
relative humidity is required
The north-eastern areas have an average humidity of
94%
Vandalism and lack of maintenance, due to the
distance between structures and a population
Installation of fog collectors will be done on hills near
to residential areas
Effects of storm damage due to site and fragility of
nets if maintenance is not performed
Continuous maintenance will be done by institutes in
charge
Relatively small water quantities can be harvested This will be improved by combination of fog
collection and rain-water harvesting
Polypropylene mesh is hard to find in some areas Community participation will help to reduce the
labour cost of building the fog harvesting system
In the hills of
Nepal, water
sources such as
streams and
springs are
generallylocated
at lower
elevations
Only technology
availableto rural
Nepalis is gravity-
flow water
systems. As a
result, villagers
must carry water
up from sources
at lower
elevations.
NEWAH has been
researchingand
developing
practical fog
water collection
systems for rural
communities
since late 1998
Working with
local
NGOs, NEWAH
identifies
potential
communities
through field
studies that
evaluate the
potential for fog
collectionand the
social demand for
water
The Large Fog
Collectors (LFC)
are constructed
using 4 x 8 meter
sheets of
polypropylene
mesh
Warm air from
Bay of Bengal
moves inland
where it
intercepts varied
topology of
Himalayas. As air
moves up into
valleys it mixes
with cooler air
and condenses
Water droplets
cling to the weave
of the mesh, and
filter down into a
discharge system
that stores the
water in 20,000
litre ferro-cement
tanks
Implementation in Nepal
8. A non-profit, registered
Canadian charity
Dedicated to implementing
water projects for rural
communities in developing
countries
Utilizes innovative fog collectors
as well as effective rainfall
collectors
Makes optimum use of
natural atmospheric sources
of water
Working on projects since
1987
FogQuest Small Fog collectors cost between US$75 and
US$200 each to build
Large 40-m² fog collectors cost between
US$1,000 and US$1,500 and can last for up
to ten years
A village project producing about 2,000 litres of
water per day will cost about US$15,000
(FogQuest, 2011).
Material: Polypropylene mesh per 1 m2 (Peru
and Chile): US$ 0.25
Labour: construction and installation of large
fog collectors, reservoir tanks and taps:
• Skilled labour: 140 man days (Nepal): US$4
per day
• Unskilled labour: 400 man days (Nepal):
US$2.75 per day
All inclusive (materials, labour):
• Fog collectors including building
materials: US$100 - 200
• 48 m2 fog collector providing 3
l/m2/day: US$378
• Cost per m2 (Nepal, including
reservoir and tap): US$60
Costs
depend
on
Size of
the fog
catchers
Quality
of
material
s
Access
to
material
s
Labour
Locatio
n of the
site
Implementation Financial Feasibility
9. • Topo sequential cropping
– most economical with effective soil and water conservation measure
– integrate different components of ecosystem
– sustained production from waste, rainfed and degraded lands
– Selection is critical
• Cultivation of crops in topo-sequences is useful on hill slopes
• Slopy land crop growth affected by excess moisture.
• Not congenial for cotton crop lower part of topo sequence with soybean in kharif & chickpea in rabi by
replacing cotton on 30 per cent area (refer to pic)
• yields of soybean and chickpea - higher under lower topo-sequence as compared to cotton.
• Monetary returns of different topo-sequence show higher values for soybean- chickpea double cropping
as compared to cotton under lower topo-sequence.
– Reduced run-off
– Minimized soil tablet
– Agri-horti-silvi-pastoral land use
• Agri-horti-silvi-pastoral land use
– horticulture in the mid portion
– silvi-pastoral crops in top portion
• Contour bunds, bench terrace, half moon terrace,
grassed ways
• mixed land use with agri-horti-silvi-pastoral system with appropriate topo sequence has been found to be
one of the most sustainable means to provide an alternative farming system to replace Jhumming
• micro watershed based namely Agri-Horti-Silvi Pastoral System established on 1.58 ha land
Integrated Farming System Approach- Topo Sequencing
10. Micro
watershed
based namely
Agri-Horti-
Silvi Pastoral
System
established
on 1.58 ha
land
Provides an
alternative
farming
system to
replace
Jhumming
Mixed land
use with agri-
horti-silvi-
pastoral
system with
appropriate
topo
sequence
Contour
bunds, bench
terrace, half
moon
terrace, grass
ed ways
• horticulture
in the mid
portion
• silvi-pastoral
crops in top
portion
Agri-horti-
silvi-pastoral
land use
Micro
watershed
based namely
Agri-Horti-
Silvi Pastoral
System
established
on 1.58 ha
land
Provides an
alternative
farming
system to
replace
Jhumming
Mixed land
use with agri-
horti-silvi-
pastoral
system with
appropriate
topo
sequence
Contour
bunds, bench
terrace, half
moon
terrace,
grassed ways
• horticulture
in the mid
portion
• silvi-pastoral
crops in top
portion
Agri-horti-
silvi-pastoral
land use
Agri-horti-silvi-pastoral land use
11. Top-5 challenges in Food Processing identified by FICCI survey 2010 (250 companies, 125 respondents from food organizations)
44.25%
34.46%
28.51%
28.08%
25.03%
Inadequate infrastructural facilities
Comprehensivenational level policy
on food processing sector
Food safety Laws
Inconsistency in central and state
policies
Availabilityof trained manpower
Weighted % of respondents
Long and fragmented supply chain, lack of integrated cold chain
solutions, last mile connectivity, technology adoption and govt. support
An effective policy should be comprehensive and adopt a number of
legislative, administrative, promotional measures (tax waivers)
Multiplicityof ministries and administrative authorities at central and state
level has resulted in a complex unintegrating regulatory system
Shortage of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers due to demand-supply
mismatch, impacting competitiveness of the industry
Driver5: Government’s vision of increasing level of processing to 25% by 2015 drives new players*
Source: http://www.investmentcommission.in/food_&_agro_products.htm andKPMG Analyses
Product Key Segments
Market growth
rate
Extent of
processing
Share of organized
sector
Unprocessed
unorganized sector
growth
Scope for Enhancement
Dairy
Value added milk products like
Butter, Cheese and Ghee
15% 37% 15% 8% Moderately High
F&V
Raw F&V, Fruit Pulps, Canned Fruits
& Pickles
20% 2% 48% 10% Moderately High
Meat & Poultry
processing
Cattle, Buffalo & Poultry 10% 1% 5% 9% Moderately High
Fisheries
Marine Fisheries, Frozen Products
and Minced Fish Products
20% 12% 0% 18% Very High
Packaged Foods Noodles/Vermicelli 8% 0% 80% 2% Extremely Low
Beverages
Fruit-based Drinks and Carbonated
Drinks
27% 0% 77% 6% High
Staple Foods Sugar, Wheat Flour and Salt 85% 0% 50% 43% Moderately High
*Products which meet the needs of convenience, health & variety
will drive the demand in high value processed products.