The document discusses smart buildings and how integrating physical and virtual spaces can add value and reduce costs. It describes how ambient devices can deliver increased control and functionality while technology becomes more personalized. Physical spaces are important for building social and economic networks. The Serious Games Institute is an international center applying immersive technologies to serious issues. It explores how smart buildings can satisfy human needs through rich experiences while ensuring efficiency, security, and reliability through automated processes and sensors. Integrating physical and virtual spaces through technologies like visualization, sensors, geotagging, augmented reality and social networking can develop personalized relationships between users and spaces.

1. Smart Buildings and Beyond
David Wortley FRSA
Director Serious Games Institute
Coventry University

2. Smart Buildings and Beyond
“Integrating the Physical and Virtual to create
Technology Infrastructure which tackles
today’s social and economic challenges”

3. The Challenges
Environmental Costs
Sustainability
Stakeholder Value
& Experience

4. Key Messages
 Ambient Devices in physical and virtual spaces
deliver increasing levels of control and functionality
 Technology is becoming personalised and
“humanised
 Physical spaces are important hubs for building
social, economic and knowledge networks
 SHASPA integration of physical and virtual spaces
can add value and reduce costs

5. Introduction to the SGI

6. Serious Games Institute (SGI)
“An international centre of excellence for the application of
immersive technologies to serious social and economic issues”

7. West Midlands Region
London
Coventry

8. Stratford upon Avon

9. SGI Areas of Interest
Education Health Environment Smart Buildings
Relationships Interface Technology Innovation & Enterprise

10. What is a Smart Building ?

11. What makes a smart building ?
Rich personalised
experience
Efficiency, security,
reliability, control,
automation

12. Efficiency, Security, Reliability etc
Sensors, information processors, control devices,
feedback systems.
Automated processes

13. Rich Personalised Experiences
Sensors, information processors, control devices,
feedback systems.
Intelligent processes

14. Machines and Humans
Power, speed, efficiency,
accuracy, stamina, capacity,
availability, inflexible
Judgement, sensitivity,
care, humanity, fallibility,
creativity, versatility

15. Smart Buildings Must Satisfy Human Needs
 To love and be loved vs devoid of emotion
 Personalisation vs one size fits all
 Easy to use interfaces vs unnatural devices
 Persistent history vs blank pages
 Facilitated new discovery vs delivery of existing
 Understanding & Wisdom vs Memorisation
 To be Connected vs isolated
 Motivation and challenge vs boring & repetitive
 Creative expression vs standard responses
Human Needs Machine Features

16. Smart Building Efficiency and
Sustainability
(Slides from Cogent Computing)

17. Accounts for over 70% of the UK total
primary energy consumption.
Breakdown
•domestic sector - 42%
•industry - 34%
•services sector (education, health, retail,
etc.) - 23%.
How is the energy used?
•Heating – 40%
•water heating - 13%
•lights and appliances – 9%
•industrial process (15%)
Domestic sector – Since 1990
•energy consumption has increased by
almost 20%
•electricity consumption increased by 50% Source: UK Energy in Brief 2008 (617KB PDF)
The Built Environment - Dry Facts - UK

18. Earth and its people need GREEN BUILDINGS

19. Buildings have a significant impact on
human health
•poor indoor air quality in buildings -
significant health problems (cancers,
asthma, Legionnaires' disease and
hypersensitivity pneumonitis)
•the effect of buildings on the
productivity, health and well-being of
people who work indoors impacts other
sectors of the economy
Beyond climate change

20. Why little has been done/achieved so far?
1. Investment - little research investment comparatively
2. Technology offering has been poor- building,
appliances
3. Legislation re quantifying building performance –
somewhat lacking
4. People –habits are hard to change!!!
Built environment has historically been a poor performer
-Distinct lack of energy awareness in building clients, designers and occupants
-Existing/installed energy systems are operated and maintained un-efficiently
-Little has been measured
-Quantifiers and regulations are outdated and based on poor instrumentation being used
in the 60’s/70’s (ex. – comfort models)

21. Best enablers – wireless sensor networks
Allow one to turn any space into a field laboratory
- close monitoring and adaptive control of
1. building equipment
2. materials performance
3. environmental conditions
4. well-being of the occupant in relation to their
surroundings
- cohesive data management system
1. help understand the strategies for efficient building
operation
2. obtain healthier environments
3. closer relationship between occupants and buildings.
4. realize a leaner and more effective design,
construction, operation and facilities management
regime
5. understand more deeply the patterns of building use
6. enable prediction of failure conditions thus informing
maintenance regimes.

22. -vastly improve the living conditions for the building's occupants, resulting in
-improved thermal comfort,
-improved air quality,
-health,
-safety, and
-productivity
-it will dramatically reduce the energy budget, needed to condition the space
-allow for integration and unification of data
-fusion of data types and sophisticated control strategies
First-order estimations indicate that such technology could reduce source
energy consumption by 2 quads (quadrillion British Thermal Units or BTUs) in
the U.S. alone. This translates to $55 billion per year, and 35 million metric
tons of reduced carbon emissions.
A distributed building monitor and control approach could:

23. Choice of tools
+ home integrated CO2 sensing
+ home made field visualization tools
+ home made remote health monitoring system

24. 15/4/2009
Cogent Projects and Stakeholders
“you can’t save what you haven’t
measured”
“making buildings talk”
Feeling good in our homes or
offices is not just a matter of
having a beautiful space

25. 15/4/2009
Why? – to decide
deconstruct/refurbish/educate
- to maintain and target repairs
What data? – energy consumption,
temperature, CO2, light usage, humidity
What information? – comfort, dew points,
apparent temperatures, statistics, heat lose
calculation, efficiency, occupancy/rooms
usage
How: 10-20 nodes WSN, 2 weeks continuous
monitoring
Quantifying old stock performance – just
how bad is this building?

26. 15/4/2009
• Quantifying new builds
Stakeholders: building contractors, materials manufacturers
Scope: verify performance for the passive house designs
• Energy saving and comfort
Stakeholders: ultimately the occupants; heating/air conditioning systems
manufacturers
Scope: formalize sensors placement for optimal thermal comfort and
minimal energy consumption
• Realizing live buildings
Stakeholders: commercial buildings owners
Scope: showcasing the technology for future adoption
• Live buildings on the web
Stakeholders: the research community and public at large
Scope: data banks for further modeling and scientific findings
Other active projects

27. Realizing Live Buildings :
The New EC Building Project
•Aims to deploy a wireless sensor network for
monitoring environmental conditions inside and
outside buildings;
•will use large 2/3 tiers WSN - temperature,
humidity, light, CO2;
•multi-sensor data used for identifying
temperature hot and cold spots, high and low
moisture areas and assessing the general comfort
level of the building occupants.
•Focus on delivery of collected data in an
interesting and informative manner for users who
interact with the system.
•the user-end will allow access to the state of the
building 'at a glance'.
15/4/2009

28. Live Building on the Web Pilot
• First of its kind in the UK
• Provides access to a live system that collects and stores all
data from a live, building environmental monitoring system
• Multi-sensor raw data measurements are converted to
scientific readings ready for use.
• The wireless sensor network is made available to the public
over the internet via an interactive website
• All collected data will be made available for download via the
internet providing a rich source of experimental data for
research staff and students.

29. Humanising Smart Building
Technology

30. Immersive Technologies
Games Virtual Worlds Social Networks
Immersive Technologies deliver personalised experiences
based on building “intelligent” relationships

31. Immersive Applications are
Humanising Technology
Delivering more control over our lives, our world and
our relationships – giving us access to a global network
– building personalised relationship with our
technologies

32. Mobile Personal Agents
The mobile is becoming an
alter-ego containing our
digital lives

33. Smart Cities
Integrating the physical and virtual world

34. Smart Hotels
The personalised guest experience

35. Hotels 2020 – Beyond Segmentation

36. Smart Schools
Added value for whole community

37. Smart Museums
Personalised Experiences

38. Smart Hospitals
Saving Lives through Patient Profiling and Virtual Specialists

39. Smart Retail Centres
Linking physical and virtual worlds

40. Shared Spaces and
Relationships

41. Shared Spaces
“Passive”
“Active”

42. Shared Spaces and Relationships
Physical shared spaces act to our social relationships

43. Shared Physical Spaces
“Physical spaces are lagging behind virtual spaces in
the ability to respond intelligently to the individual
but can provide vital hubs to our networks”
“Passive” “Active”

44. Integrating Physical
and Virtual Places

45. The Components

46. Visualisation

47. Embedded Sensors
Sensors & 3D visualisations help us
understand and manage our
environment

48. Geotagging

49. Ambient Interfaces

50. Augmented Reality

51. Social Networking

52. Artificial Intelligence
Embedded smart agents
can develop a personalised
and persistent relationship
between you and a virtual
or physical space.

53. Mobile Devices
Mobile devices know who
you are and where you are
– they can be the gateway
to a personalised
relationship with physical
spaces

54. SHASPA and Construction
SHASPA supports sustainable development through
the innovative integration of emerging technologies
into construction projects

55. SHASPA Home Energy

56. Meeting the Challenges
Environmental Costs
Sustainability
Stakeholder Value
& Experience

57. Any Questions ?

58. Smart Buildings and Beyond
David Wortley FRSA
Director Serious Games Institute
Coventry University