This document discusses the kinetic molecular theory of matter. It explains that all matter is made up of molecules in constant motion. The three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - can be described and differentiated based on the motion and arrangement of their molecules. Higher temperatures correspond to higher molecular kinetic energy and faster, more energetic motion. The kinetic theory helps explain various macroscopic properties like compressibility based on molecular-level behavior and interactions.

1. Kinetic Model of Matter CHANG, FANG-HSIN @ EDISON CHANG PGDE (Sec), July 2006

2. Kinetic Model of Matter By the end of this lesson, you should be able to: 1. Use Kinetic Model of Matter to: compare the physical properties ; and decribe the molecular structure of the three states of matter: Gas , Liquid and Solid . 2. Understand that Brownian Motion proves Kinetic Model of Matter . 3. Describe the relationship between temperature and molecular motion . 4. Explain pressure of a gas in terms of its molecular motion .

3. Part One

4. CAN YOU SEE? m a croscopic m i croscopic

5. CAN YOU SEE? m a croscopic m i croscopic

6. What is this stuff ? What is the Matter ?

7. Matter = things , ‘ stuff’ and… YOU

8. What is Matter ? What are YOU made of ?

9. Mobile Phone Model to represent the real thing =

10. Scientific Model = solid to represent the real thing

11. Scientific Model to represent the real thing = water molecule =

12. Matter can MOVE Brownian Motion How do we know? Here is the proof 

13. random movement of Liquid or Gas molecules Brownian Motion Matter can MOVE

14. Dead Cells Brownian Motion Matter can MOVE http://www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk/video/brownian.mov get pushed around by

15. Matter can MOVE + = Kinetic Energy

16. Kinetic Model of Matter Matter is made of moving molecules

17. Name 3 States of Matter

18. Name 3 States of Matter Gas Liquid Solid

19. Kinetic Model of Matter = Gas = flowing water molecule

20. Kinetic Model of Matter = Liquid = flowing water molecule

21. Kinetic Model of Matter = Solid = vibrating water molecule

22. Hold on a second!

23. Are you telling me that ICE CUBES are actually vibrating ?

24. !!! YES !!! Are you telling me that ICE CUBES are actually vibrating ?

25. WHY ?

26. CAN YOU SEE? m a croscopic m i croscopic

27. CAN YOU SEE? m a croscopic m i croscopic

28. m a croscopic Can you see ice cubes vibrate when they are becoming flowing water ?

29. m a croscopic Can you see ice cubes vibrate when they are becoming flowing water ? NO

30. vibrating m a croscopic m i croscopic flowing But are ice cubes actually vibrating when they are becoming flowing water ?

31. vibrating m a croscopic m i croscopic flowing But are ice cubes actually vibrating when they are becoming flowing water ? YES

32. During melting , ice cubes are vibrating to break the attrative force that holds water molecules together to become flowing water.

33. Part Two

34. Kinetic Model of Matter

35. Kinetic Model of Matter

36. Who is HOT ???

37. 100 °C 0 °C

38. Who is HOT ???

39. Higher Temperature

40. Kinetic Model of Matter ? Kinetic Energy ?

41. Kinetic Model of Matter

42. Kinetic Model of Matter ? Attractive Force ?

43. Kinetic Model of Matter

44. Kinetic Model of Matter ? Motion ?

45. Kinetic Model of Matter Vibrate Flow at fixed position Slow Fast all over the place

46. Kinetic Model of Matter ? Shape ?

47. Kinetic Model of Matter Fixed Changing with the shape of container

48. Kinetic Model of Matter ? Distance between Molecules ?

49. Kinetic Model of Matter

50. Kinetic Model of Matter ? Can be Compressed ?

51. Kinetic Model of Matter NO NO YES! ? Can be Compressed ?

52. Liquid Nitrogen Gas Nitrogen 25 ° C -72 ° C COMPRESS

54. Liquid Nitrogen Gas Nitrogen 25 ° C -72 ° C DECOMPRESS

56. LIVE

58. Hand burnt by Liquid Nitrogen

60. Large Volume Small Volume COMPRESS CO 2

61. Large Volume Small Volume DECOMPRESS CO 2

62. Large Volume Small Volume DECOMPRESS HOW? CO 2

63. Large Volume Small Volume DECOMPRESS

64. DECOMPRESS ? CO 2

65. DECOMPRESS ? Speed ? Volume ? CO 2

66. LIVE +

67. DECOMPRESS ? Speed Faster Volume Larger CO 2

68. Pressure Speed of molecular motion

69. http://eepybird.com/exp214.html You’ve seen nothing yet!

70. Homework Play Gas Law Program to find out the relationships between: Pressure Molecular Motion V.S Molecular Motion V.S Temperature

71. http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Laboratory/GLP.htm Gas Law Program