Kidney transplantation involves transplanting a kidney from a living or deceased donor into a patient with end-stage renal disease. There are several indications for kidney transplantation including chronic kidney failure, diabetes, and genetic disorders. Compatibility between donor and recipient is based on blood type and human leukocyte antigens. After transplantation, patients take immunosuppressant drugs to prevent rejection and have improved quality of life compared to dialysis. While transplantation carries risks of infection, rejection and side effects, it provides longer survival than remaining on dialysis.

1. KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

2. INTRODUCTION
 Kidney transplant or renal transplant is the organ
transplant of a kidney into a patient with end
stage renal disease (ESRD)

3. CLASSIFICATION
• DESEASED DONOR (CADAVERIC)
• LIVING DONOR
1. GENETICALLY RELATED LIVING RELATED)
2. NON RELATED (LIVING UNRELATED)

4. INDICATION
 ESRD GFR less than 15ml/L
 MALIGNANCY
 HYPERTENSION
 DIABETES MELLITUS
 GENETIC DISEASES- polycystic kidney diseases
 METABOLIC DISORDERS
 AUTO IMMUNE CONDITIONS- lupus ,good
pastures syndrome
 CRF

5. CONTRAINDICATIONS
 CARDIAC ANDPULMONARY INSUFFICIENCY
 HEPATIC DISEASES
 CONCURRENT TOBACCO USE AND MORBID
OBESITY PUTS THE PATIENT AT RISK FOR
SURGERY.
 SUBSTANCE ABUSE
 HIV

6. LIVING DONORS
 EVALUATE DONORS ON PHYSICAL,MEDICAL
AND PSYCHOLOGICAL GROUNDS.
 ASSURE THE PATIENT THAT THERE WILL BE
NO LONG TERM HARM TO DONOR.
 IN SOME CASES MALE LIVING DONOR MAY
DEVELOP A HYDROCELE ON THE SCROTUM
ON THE SIDE OF NEPHRECTOMY.
 LIVE DONOR PROCEDURE ARE MOSTLY
LAPROSCOPIC,HENCE LESS PAINFULL,LESS
SCARRING AND FASTER RECOVERY.

7. DESEASED DONORS
 BRAIN DEAD (BD) DONORS
 DONATION AFTER CARDIAC DEATH
BRAIN DEAD OR “ BEATING HEART” donors
are considered dead but the pumping heart
continues to perfuse the other organs.
DONATION AFTER CARDIAC DEATH are
elective donation of organ by patient himself or
the relatives to withdraw life support as they have
slim chances of survival.

8. COMPATIBILITY
 THE PATIENT HAS TO BE ABO COMPATIBLE
 THE RECEPIENT SHOULD SHARE AS MANY
AS HLA ANTIGENS AND MINOR ANTIGENS AS
POSSIBLE.
 IMMUNOSUPRESSENT DRUGS ARE GIVEN TO
PREVENT ANTI BODY REACTIONS
 PERFORM ANTI BODY TEST ON POTENTIAL
RECEPIENT.

9. POST OPERATION
 TIME- 3 HRS APPROX
 DONOR KIDNEY WILL BE PLACED IN THE
LOWER ABDOMEN
 ARTERIES,VIENS FROM THE RECIPIENTS
BODY IS CONNECTED TO NEW KIDNEY
 FINAL STEP IIS TO CONNECT THE URETER
TO NEW KIDNEY
 NEW KIDNEY STARTS FUNCTIONING
IMMEDIATELY, LIVING KIDNEY TAKE 3-5DAYS
AND CADEVERIC KIDNEY TAKE UPTO 7-
15DAYS

10. Contd..
 DIURETICS AND IMMUNOSUPRESSANTS ARE
ADMINISTERED FOR EFFECTIVE
FUNCTIONING OF NEW KIDNEY.
 MONTIOR KFT,CBC.
 BIOPSY.

11. POST OPERATIVE DIET
 AVOID GRAPES POMEGRANATE AND GREEN
TEA PRODUCTS
 MONITOR FOR KIDNEY REJECTION.

12. COMPLICATION
 TRANSPLANT RREJECTION
 INFECTION AND SEPSIS
 POST TRANSPLANT LYMPH PROLIFERATIVE
DISORDER
 ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES
 IATRAGENIC SIDE EFFECTS

13. PROGNOSIS
KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IS A LIFE
EXTENDING PROCEDURE.A PATIENT MAY
LIVE UPTO 15YRS LONGER WITH A KIDNEY
TRANSPLANT THAN IF KEPT ON A DIALYSIS.
PATIENTS WILL HAVE MORE ENERGY,A LES
RESTRICTED DIET,AND FEWER
COMPLICATIONS WITH A KIDNEY
TRANSPLANT.

14. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Phipps medical and surgical nursing health and
illness perspective.
 Brunner and suddarth’s textbook of medical and
surgical nursing
 Google .com

15. THANK YOU