Kidney transplantation involves surgically placing a healthy donor kidney into a recipient with chronic renal failure. Donors can be living relatives or non-relatives, or cadavers. Recipients must be between 5-55 years old and free of systemic disease or infection. Post-operative nursing care includes monitoring urine output and function tests, as well as checking for complications like rejection or infection. Rejection occurs if the recipient's body attacks the new kidney and has acute or chronic forms. Nurses educate patients and families on medication adherence, infection prevention, and monitoring for rejection symptoms post-transplant.

1. Kidney Transplantation
Seragaldin M.Seragaldin M.
School of Nursing, University ofSchool of Nursing, University of
Raparin. 9.5.2015Raparin. 9.5.20151

2. Objects
Definition
Source of kidney donner
Criteria of Donner
Criteria of Recipient
Nursing care for patient having
Kidney Transplantation
Rejection of Kidney Transplantation
Complications of the Rejection
Interventions for the patient and family
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3. Definition
A kidney transplant is a procedure in which a donor healthy
kidney is placed in the abdomen of a patient with chronic
renal failure.
Donner:
The person who give his/her kidney in order to save the
patient life who suffering from end stage renal disease.
Recipient:
The person receive transplant kidney from the donner
due to end stage renal disease.
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4. Source of kidney donner
Related donnder;
o Sibling
o Identical twin
o Natural parents
• Non Related donnder
Cadaveric donner
Note:
The related donner more possible physiologically. Because he/she has the same
body tissue structure. While psychologically it is impossible. Because the
recipient discomfort due to prauding of donner.
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5. Criteria of Donner
• Age is not criteria
• The donner should be free from systemic disease such
as hypertension(HTN) or diabetes mellitus (MD)
• Free from infections such as: Tuberculosis (TB)
or Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
• Free from malignancy
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6. Criteria of Recipient
Age of recipient is between 5 to 55 years
The recipient should be free from systemic disease
such as hypertension(HTN) or diabetes mellitus (MD)
Free from malignancy
Free from infections
The recipient must have irreversible kidney damage
Inability of the patient to adjust to the hemodialysis
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7. Criteria of brain death
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• Apnea
• Deep coma
• Hypothermia
• Absents of cephalic reflex
• Fully dilated and fixed pupil

8. Nursing care for patient having
Kidney Transplantation
Pre operative care
Assess knowledge and feelings about the procedure
Continue dialysis as ordered and prevent uremia
prior to surgery
Administer immunosuppressive drugs as ordered
before surgery to prevent immediate graft rejection
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9. Nursing care for patient having
Kidney Transplantation
Post operative care
Maintain urinary catheter patency and a closed system
Measure urine output every 30 to 60 minutes initially
to determine fluid balance and transplant function
Monitor serum electrolytes and renal function tests to
monitor graft function and fluid and electrolyte status
Monitor for possible complications such as
hemorrhage or Renal artery thrombosis 9

10. Nursing care for patient having
Kidney Transplantation
Post operative care
Daily checking of blood test to determined renal function
Daily weighting the patient and monitor for depression
Check the signs and symptoms of infection or rejection
Check the dressing to determine internal and external
bleeding
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11. Rejection of Kidney Transplantation
Is failure of the new kidney in the recipient’s body
that have three types as bellow
1.Hyper acute rejection (occur during 48 hours
after the operation)
2. Acute rejection (occur within 1 to 6 weeks from
transplant)
3. Chronic rejection (occur from 3 months to
longer after transplant
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12. Sings and symptoms of Kidney
Transplantation Rejection
Fever
Oliguria
Tenderness
Hypertension
Increase of blood creatinine
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13. Complications of the Rejection
Gastro intestinal hemorrhage
Cardio Vascular Disease
Hypovolemia (shock)
Depression
Gastric ulcer
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14. Interventions for the patient and
family
Patients (pt) should contact to his/her doctor about any
complication and vised the clinic for; physical
examination, and lab tests
Identify each medication such as name, color, size, and dose
Avoid weight gain, because it need to increase dose of
immunosuppressive drug which lead to decrease the
immunity of the pt
Pt should be learn sings and symptoms of the infection
and rejection
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15. References
Linda S. Williams and Paula D. Hopper. (2003).
Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing (2nd
ed.).
Philadelphia: PA 19103.
Sylvia S. Mader. (2004). Understanding Human Anatomy
and Physiology (5th
ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Amy M. (2011). Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (5th ed.).
New York: McGraw-Hill.
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