This document discusses juvenile crime and delinquency in Bangladesh. It provides background data on the child population and laws regarding criminal responsibility and trials. It explores trends in approaches to juvenile crime, either imprisoning more young offenders or seeking alternatives to imprisonment. The document outlines the scope of topics to be discussed, including the meaning and incidence of juvenile crime, causes, treatment approaches, and variables related to delinquency. It examines factors like poverty, family issues, and peer influences that can contribute to criminal behavior in youth. The conclusion advocates for rehabilitation over punishment of juvenile offenders and creating a society that helps rather than penalizes troubled children.
Prezentācija konferencē "Bērnu sociāla iekļaušana kā antisociālas uzvedības novēršanas metode".
Konference tika rīkota projekta "Bērnu antisociālās uzvedības mazināšana: agrīnās prevencijas modeļi” ietvaros.
Projektu finansiāli atbalsta Islande, Lihtenšteina un Norvēģija NVO projektu programmas ietvaros.
NVO projektu programmu tiek finansēta ar Eiropas Ekonomikas zonas finanšu instrumenta un Latvijas valsts finansiālu atbalstu.
Plašāka informācija: ,
http://www.providus.lv/public/27880.html
www.sif.lv
www.eeagrants.org
www.eeagrants.lv
Juvenile Justice system in Bangladesh - An AppraisalAbsar Aftab Absar
A rare insight into the Juvenile Justice system of Bangladesh. The PPT reflects how a 'third world' country has a progressive intent towards the juvenile justice.
The Child Labour (Prohibition And Regulation ) Act, 1986mahesh lone
This Act is a weak piece of legislation as it does not contains any provision of rehabilitation of the child labour. However the punishment prescribed is deterrent. Also in almost all industries child labour is prohibited.
Juvenile delinquency is a gateway to adult crime, since a large percentage of criminal careers have their roots in childhood causing serious problems all over the world. Delinquency has always been considered as a social problem over and above the fact that it is a legal problem it is also a psychological problem. Hence to avoid this social evil one has to tackle the complex problem of delinquency from the social psychological and to familial angles.
Although laws regarding Juvenile delinquencies have been formed long since, they are also being changed from time to time. Currently, in all the progressive and civilized countries of the world the laws with regard to the Juvenile delinquents have been changed.
Murder, rape, dacoity, burglary, kidnapping are a few more that add to the rest of it. On the basis of the available statistics, an inference can be drawn that these crimes are on the increasing path.
On the whole, current efforts to fight juvenile delinquency are characterized by the lack of systematic action and the absence of task-oriented and effective social work with both offenders and victims, whether real or potential.
Recent studies have revealed common risk factors for adolescent drug abuse and deliquency. The relationship between substance abuse and juvenile deliquency sketches a bleak portrait of juvenile justice system overwhelmed by drug and alcohol abusing and addicted 10 "“ to -17- years old. Juvenile crime is one of the nation' serious problems. Government policy on juvenile deliquency must often struggle with the balance of concern over the healthy developments of children and adolescents who violate the law and public desire to punish the criminals. Neverthless, children and adolescents who commit criminal acts must be educated and supported in a growth process. A number of cognitive and social features of childhood and adolescene influence the context of juvenile crime policy. They were likely to have been neglected and abuse by parents. Many had grown up in impoverished and dangerous neighborhoods. Schools, teachers, and administrators had been unable to engage them. The provider' had failed to diagnose their problems. It further gives the high rate of drug use among deliquents, drug-abuse intervention and treatment programs clearly needed for deliquent populations. This paper explores the linking about adolescent drug ue and deliquency, distinguihing factors, implications for preventions and treatment. Simran Chhallani"Juvenile and the Abuse" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17027.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/17027/juvenile-and-the-abuse/simran-chhallani
A GUIDE TO JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN.pdfIrfan Nawaz
A blog post , providing a comprehensive understanding of juvenile justice system in Pakistan. It desribes basic conceptual understanding of juvenile deliequent, its factors, national and international instruments to address the issue, and concrete recommendations for the various stakeholders including policy makers, students, researchers, and academia to develop a roadmap for curbing the issue in true letter and spirit.
ANNOTATION
Bullyingjpc_1769 140..141
Kenneth P Nunn
Bronte Adolescent Intensive Care Mental Health Unit, The Forensic Hospital, Malabar, New South Wales, Australia
Key words: bullying; sensitive children; victims.
The invitation to write this paper raised a number of difficulties
for me. I was aware, of course, that what was in the frame of
discussion was the behaviour of children. Secondly, the major
focus is on the protection of anxious children from other chil-
dren with conduct difficulties or just garden-variety playground
insensitivity. There are some excellent websites that address
these issues1 and some recent Finnish longitudinal research2,3
that is the first of its kind, which broadly summarised says the
following:
1 There is a substantial increase in psychopathology in both
young men and women almost two decades after being fre-
quently bullied at age 8 years, with anxiety disorders,
depression and conduct disorder, all increased.
2 There is a substantial increase in psychopathology for both
young men and women almost two decades after doing the
bullying at age 8 years.
3 There is a substantial increase in suicide attempts and com-
pleted suicide in young adult women who have been fre-
quently bullied even after adjusting for depression and
conduct disorder.
4 There were increased rates of suicide and attempted suicide
in young men (including bullies, victims and boys who were
both bullies and victims at age 8 years), but the increase
disappeared when depression and conduct disorder were
taken into account.
There are at least five main emphases in the management of
bullying, which include the following:
1 Special targeting of girls who are frequently victimised for
prevention programmes may reduce completed suicide in
young adult women by up to 10%.3
2 Teaching children ways to avoid being bullied is likely to
be more effective than attempting to reducing bullying
behaviour.4
3 Teaching problem-solving skills and positive interaction skills
are likely to be as, or more, helpful than programmes that
emphasise rules and consequences to discourage bullying.4
4 Most interventions help a little if implemented thoroughly.
Most are not implemented thoroughly.
5 Cyber bullying must now be considered as part of the spec-
trum of bullying behaviour.1
However, I would like to be strategically obtuse for a moment
in order to address the problem without respect to children
alone and without the inevitable recourse to vulnerable targets
and less obviously, vulnerable perpetrators. These areas have
been discussed for so long in the literature and in the popular
wisdom that I do not believe I have anything new to offer.
Over the last 3 years, I have been working in the juvenile
detention centres in New South Wales, where around 400 chil-
dren at any one time, aged 10–18 years, are detained on remand
or with custodial orders. Over 90% are male and 50–60% indig-
enous. Those 20% with severe mental illness have an almost
90% recidivi.
Every day on the news there are reports of crimes across the world.docxelbanglis
Every day on the news there are reports of crimes across the world, unfortunately, many of them involving youths. The documentary Juvenile Justice highlights four teens who have committed crimes ranging in severity that put them in the position to potentially be tried as adults, despite them being under the age of eighteen. While many people look at youths and feel as though they are young and unable to control themselves and fully understand their actions, some feel that they are quite aware of their behaviors. The teens in this video, like those in the real world, are in a spot where they must take responsibility for their actions. By studying various facets of each individuals case, a distinction can be made on a case by case basis, rather than simply grouping all youths committing various offenses into a category of people who deserve to be tried as adults. Looking at things such as the community’s kids are coming from, their present individual case, and their background or records can help to make the right distinction for punishment that fits a crime.
Community Life
Unfortunately, one of the bigger issues than the justice system itself, is where these youths are coming from, whether speaking about their home lives or communities at large. Many of the youths who are committing crimes come from broken homes, are children of criminals, or are from areas where crime is prevalent. Marripedia, an “online social encyclopedia,” cites absent fathers as being one of the biggest causes for increased crime rates amongst youths. Those children who lack a father from the time they are born are three times more likely to commit crimes, and children whose fathers leave around the ages of 10-14 are twice as likely to commit crimes as those children who are raised in an unbroken household (Marripedia). Adolescents who have present fathers and good relationships with their fathers are not only less likely to commit crimes, they are also less likely to experience issues such as family poverty, decreasing the need for community welfare (Marripedia). While fathers are of extreme importance, a youth’s relationship with their mother is equally as imperative to decreasing crime rates and bettering the community. Mothers are essential to one’s ability to form and maintain relationships with others because in a traditional sense, they are the people closest to their children most of the time. When a child has an absent relationship with their mother or a negative relationship, there is an inability to form positive relationships with others, which has an impact on the likelihood of the child turning to crime, perhaps a gang, to get the emotional attachment they didn’t receive from their mothers (Marripedia).
Other factors within families that contribute to crime rates in the area are family fighting, dissolution of marriage, quality of parenting, and most importantly, having criminal parents. An article from Advance Data from the Vital and Health Statistics ...
Running head: JUVENILE JUSTICE 1
JUVENILE JUSTICE 21
Title of Project: Juvenile Justice System
XXXXXXX E. XXXX
Mentor: Prof. Christine Hansen
Liberal Arts Capstone (LIB-495-OL008)
State University
11 January 2018
Abstract
The Juvenile Justice Systems has been established with a significant aim of diverting adolescent offender’s destructive punitive actions of criminal courts as well as encouraging youth rehabilitation that is based on the needs of an individual juvenile. This system differs from adult criminal courts in numbers of ways. It looks at an adolescent as a person who needs assistance, instead of looking at the act that made him or her appearance before the court. The judge ought to act in the best suitable interests of the child. Juvenile court proceedings were always closed to the public. Juvenile records were also to remain very confidential so that they do not to interfere with the ability of the child or adolescent to be rehabilitated and merged back into the society. Juveniles are never charged with any crimes, instead of with delinquencies. They are never found guilty but instead, are considered delinquent. They are never sent to prison, but rather to training schools or reformatories. Treatment that incorporates the provision of educational facilities for juvenile offenders, counseling, and guidance, etc. are far better off than punishments that involve prison sentences or fines. This is so because a child would feel loved and cared for. This element plants a seed of love into the juvenile offender’s heart making him or her better person. On the other hand, however, punishment makes them more aware of their criminal character because it gives them what they deserve. They live in self-condemnation.
Table of Contents
Abstract 2
Chapter 1 5
Introduction 5
Background of the Topic 5
Problem Statement 6
Significance of the Study 6
Methodology 6
Definition of Terms 8
Chapter 2 9
Literature review 9
Introduction 9
History of the Juvenile Justice 9
Risk Factors that Escalate Juvenile Crime 10
Chapter 3 15
Research Design and Methodology 15
Introduction 15
Triangulation 15
Sampling 15
Plan of Action 16
Main Research Question: What should be done to curb the increasing violent crimes committed by youthful offenders? 17
Sub research question: What are the underlying social issues that lead to delinquent and criminal behavior in adolescents? 17
Conclusion 18
Chapter 4 19
Results of the Study 19
Introduction 19
Findings 20
Main Research question: What should be done to curb the increasing violent crimes committed by youthful offenders? 20
Sub-question: What are the underlying social issues that lead to delinquent and criminal behavior in adolescents? 22
Discussion from Questionnaires Responses 23
Summary 23
Chapter 5 25
Summary and Discussion 25
Introduction 25
Statement of Problem 26
Explanation of Project 27
Re ...
Running head CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR1CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR8.docxjoellemurphey
Running head: CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR 1
CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR 8
How to Respond to Criminal Behavior among the Youth
Student’s Name
Institution
Introduction
Criminal behavior has been a major area of focus to most psychologists. This is especially due to the age old debate between nature and being well nurtured. It is the main responsibility of most parents to know the genetic makeup of their children, for the sake of responsible parenting and also, in order to determine the outcome of their behaviors and norms they chose to embrace. Research has been conducted regarding this debate for quite a while, and has proven that both genes and the general environment have a big role to play when it comes to the criminality of an individual(Levine, 2003). The behaviors adopted by children and the youth should be put into consideration, considering that this is what has an impact on the safety of the society and the nation at large. Poor upbringing for the youth hasa great role to play especially in determining the kind of negative behaviors they chose to embrace later in their lives. This paper shows the findings in research on aspects of criminal justice and at the same time, a presentation of the varying opinions on how to respond to criminal behavior among the youth.
Crime during the transition to adulthood
Transition from childhood to adulthood is a complexperiod especially for the youth. In most cases, it becomes difficult for the youth to engage in various systems and they tend to be more conscious of their aging. Whereas most of the youth gradually transform from childhood to adult hood, this is the major stage in life which should be taken more seriously and in most cases, be prioritized in the society (Florez, 2008). Families should give the youth a chance to express their views on different aspects. Through survey data, it was identified that more than 732 youth are transitioning from out of home care to adulthood across for major states.
Based on research aspects, offences committed are attributed to the youth in various countries. Foster youth, just like their peers, tend to engage in less crime over a period of time. Those who lack mentorship are more exposed to criminal elements and tend to participate more in criminal behavior (Ashford, 2009). However, foster youth also remain more prone to arrest just like their peers. The transition from childhood to adulthood should be well handled to ensure that children are raised in lawful environments and at the same time, are provided with basic resources and counseling to help them in the future.
Causes of criminal behavior among the youth
The youth are affected by violence. This includes all children especially between the ages of 12 and 16, who are more exposed to violence and are twice as likely as adults to be victims of such situations. Homicide is known to be the third leading cause of loss of life for people between the ages of 15 and 25. The increase in rates of rape, vic ...
Similar to Juvenile crime is a cry for help not punishment (15)
Exploring Factors Affecting the Success of TVET-Industry Partnership: A Case ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to explore factors affecting the success of TVET-industry
partnerships. A case study design of the qualitative research method was used to achieve this objective. For the
study, one polytechnic college of Oromia regional state, and two industries were purposively selected. From the
sample polytechnic college and industries, a total of 17 sample respondents were selected. Out of 17
respondents, 10 respondents were selected using the snowball sampling method, and the rest 7 respondents were
selected using the purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data were collected through an in-depth
interview and document analysis. The data were analyzed using thematic approaches. The findings revealed that
TVET-industry partnerships were found weak. Lack of key stakeholder‟s awareness shortage of improved
training equipment and machines in polytechnic colleges, absence of trainee health insurance policy, lack of
incentive mechanisms for private industries, lack of employer industries involvement in designing and
developing occupational standards, and preparation of curriculum were some of the impediments of TVETindustry partnership. Based on the findings it was recommended that the Oromia TVET bureau in collaboration
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implementing successful TVET-industry partnership. Finally, the Oromia regional government in collaboration
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of duty-free import, tax reduction, and regional government recognition awards based on the level of partnership
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ABSTRACT : This study reveals that systemic corruption and other factors including poor leadership,
leadership recruitment processes, ethnic and regional politics, tribalism and mediocrity, poor planning, and
variation of project design have been the causative factors that undermine projects implementation in postindependence African states, particularly in Nigeria. The study, thus, argued that successive governments of
African states, using Nigeria as a case study, have been deeply engrossed in this obnoxious practice that has
undermined infrastructure sector development as well as enthroned impoverishment and mass poverty in these
African countries. This study, therefore, is posed to examine the similarities in causative factors, effects and
consequences of corruption and how it affects governance, projects implementation and national growth. To
achieve this, the study adopted historical research design which is qualitative and explorative in nature. The
study among others suggests that the governments of developing countries should shun corruption and other
forms of obnoxious practices in order to operate effective and efficient systems that promote good governance
and ensure there is adequate projects implementation which are the attributes of a responsible government and
good leadership. Policy makers should also prioritize policy objectives and competence to ensure that policies
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KEYWORDS: Developing Countries, Nigeria, Government, Project Implementation, Project Failure
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companies. Using cross section data from 355 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, data regarding
ESG disclosure and risk was collected. In this research, ESG and risk disclosures are measured based on content
analysis using GRI 4 guidelines for ESG disclosures and COSO ERM for risk disclosures. Using multiple
regression, it is concluded that only risk disclosure can reduce the company's total risk, while ESG disclosure
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.
KEYWORDS: migration, education, integration, sub-Saharan African children, public school
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3. INTRODUCTION
Child population (under 18
years)
63 million
Minimum age of criminal
responsibility
9 years
Age when children can be tried
and punished as adults
18 years
Number of Child Development
Centers
3
BASIC DATA
4. INTRODUCTION
Today, there are two very different
approaches to juvenile crime. One is to
lock up more and more young offenders, at
an increasingly young age. The other trend
- in the spirit of the UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child - is to avoid
criminalization and to seek family-based or
other social alternatives to imprisonment.
5. AIM
To discuss about juvenile crime and
their treatment .
To know about the duties and
responsibilities of society towards
juvenile delinquents.
6. SCOPE
Meaning of Juvenile Crime
Incidence of Juvenile Crime
Causes of Juvenile Crime
Treatment of Juvenile Delinquency
Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
The cons of juveniles being tried as adults
Recommendation
Conclusion
7. Meaning of Juvenile Crime
Crime committed by children and
adolescents under the age of 18 years, is
called Juvenile crime. The maximum age
limit and also the meaning of juvenile
crime varies from country to country.
But it is always below 18 years of age
which is the statutory age for
delinquency.
8. Incidence of Juvenile Crime
MALE FEMALE
stealing, picketing,
drug usage,
robbery, assaults,
sexual abuses
sexual offences,
small thefts, drug
usage, running
away from home
Common delinquent acts
9. Incidence of Juvenile Crime
36%
28%
10%
9%
17%
JUVENILE INVOLVEMENT IN CRIME 2016
drug peddling,
picketing
mugging
human trafficking
other criminal activities
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs
10. Causes of Juvenile Crime
Researchers have
note that the
presence of several
risk factors often
increases a youth’s
chance of offending.
11. Individual Risk Factors:
Impulsive behavior,
uncontrolled aggression, an
inability to gratification.
Economic Risk Factors:
Economic crises, political
instability, and the
weakening of major
institutions
Social Risk Factors: poor
parenting skills, family size,
home discord, child
maltreatment, and
antisocial parents
Natural Risk Factors: Due to
flood, cyclone, earthquake,
river erosion, draught,
poverty lots of people are
climate refugee.
Risk Factors
16. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Psychopathic Personality:
A number of studies
conducted in India using
Eysenck’s personality
inventory show
delinquents to be more
extroverts, more
neurotic, more psychotic
and to have more
criminal tendencies than
the control group.
17. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Drug Abuse: Quite a large
number of delinquents
particularly those who are
engaged in theft, prostitution
and physical assault are found
to be addicted to drugs, like
heroin, barbital and alcohol.
Drug addicted females are
usually engaged in stealing
and prostitution.
18. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Mental Retardation/Mental Deficiency: the
number of mentally defective children among
the delinquents is about 4-5 times larger than in
a normal population. Such people have no
foresight to the consequences and significance
of their action.
Neurosis: The delinquent act is mainly tinged
with compulsive behaviour, such as stealing
things which one actually does not need, or
compelled to do.
19. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Emotional Problems: Wrong handling and faulty
upbringing of the child lead to several emotional
problems in the child. Various observations, case
histories and interviews have indicated that
quite a high percentage of the delinquents
displayed emotional disturbances.
Faulty Discipline and Child Rearing Practice
20. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Broken Homes: Children
coming from broken
homes, where parents are
separated or divorced,
lead to delinquent
behaviour, than those
children coming from
broken homes where the
home is broken by the
death of the parents or
one of the parents.
21. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Socio-pathic Parental Models:
Socio-pathic traits include
alcoholism, brutality, anti-
social attitudes, failure to
provide unnecessary frequent
absences from home, lack of
communication with the child
etc. All these traits make the
father an inadequate and
unacceptable model for the
child.
22. Variables of Juvenile Delinquency
Parental Absenteeism: Communication gap with
one or both parents leads to the failure to learn
appropriate social values. This finally leads to a
tendency to act out inner tension in hostile and
destructive manner.
Undesirable Peer Relationship: Delinquency is
said to be a gang experience. About 66 percent
of the delinquent behaviors are committed in
association with other persons.
23. Variables of Juvenile Crime
The Social Rejects: The effect of social
disintegration, erosion of values, lack of sense of
social sacrifice and commitment for the society
may make many children social rejects.
Normally, they do not qualify for any job.
Irrespective of class, sex social status and
wealth, they generally feel useless and
unneeded by the society. This lack of hope,
feeling of uselessness and that they are rejected
by the society, lead them to show undesirable
anti-social behavior.
24. Variables of Juvenile Crime
Poverty: Poverty is, therefore, a
contributing cause of
delinquency, although it is not
the sole cause.
Stress: Serious traumatic
experiences may lead one to
become a delinquent.
Delinquent Areas: Most
delinquents also come from the
areas where cinema houses and
hotels are located.
28. Should we try them as adults?
The adolescent brain does
not process jail time in the
same way as an adult brain.
An adult will typically spend
their sentence thinking about
what they did, which leads to
remorse. An adolescent does
not approach in this way and,
they will spend their
sentence repressing the
memory of their crime.
29. Should we try them as adults?
A juvenile offender may not have a clear
understanding of the crime they committed. A
child’s brain is not fully developed and their
sense of right and wrong is much different than
an adult’s. The juvenile could be lacking a strong
adult presence in their life, causing them to act
out. Their actions could be a cry for help.
30. Recommendations
There is a need for everyone involved,
including police, judges and prosecutors, to
be educated not only about the law, but
also about the special needs of children.
In every district there should be one
juvenile court.
31. Recommendations
Number of specialized juvenile courts should be
increased.
Number of juvenile development center should
be increased and environment of juvenile
development centers should be improved.
Minimum education, vocational training should
also be provided so that they can be adjusted
with the main stream.
32. Recommendations
Each individual case of delinquency has to be
studied separately keeping in view his specific
problems to rehabilitate, recondition and
readjust the individual in the society.
Individual therapy, group therapy and
psychological is of great help for the
rehabilitation of the Juvenile delinquents.
33. CONCLUSION
Juvenile crime is a cry for help not
punishment.
A child in that situation is sometimes more
a victim than an offender.
The Bangladesh we want to build for and
with children should include those children
who have had a bad start in life.
