Juvenile delinquency refers to illegal acts committed by minors. There are four major risk factors that contribute to juvenile crime: substance abuse, family issues, personal issues, and easy access to drugs. To prevent delinquency, a harmonious family environment, support and supervision from parents, and facilities/extracurricular activities at school are important. Curative efforts involve actions from police and legal authorities to address symptoms of delinquency, while empowering youth can prevent re-offending. Neglect, abandonment or abuse can push a child toward criminal acts despite their normal capacity for obedience and morality.