The document explains Java control statements that alter the flow of execution, including decision-making statements (if, else if, switch), loop statements (while, do while, for, for each), and jump statements (break, continue). It provides syntax examples for each control structure and describes their functionality and use cases. Overall, the content aims to help users understand how to manage and control program flow in Java.

1. Java Control Statements
Kadarkarai Selvam

2. Flow of Control
❖ Executes Code from Top to Bottom
❖ But those execution flow of control can be changed by using Control
Statements
❖ Decision Making Statement : If statements, Switch case
❖ Loop Statements : While and For loops
❖ Jump Statements : break and continue
statements

3. If and If else
If(condition){
Code to execute if
condition is true;
}
If(condition){
Code to execute if
condition is true;
}
else{
Code to execute
condition is false;
}

4. If, Else if and Nested If
If(condition1){
Code to execute if condition 1 is true;
}
else if(condition2){
Code to execute if condition 2 is true;
}
else{
Executes when if and else if fails;
}
If(condition1){
Code to execute if condition1 is true;
if(condition2){
Code to execute if condition1 and
condition2 is true;
}
else{
Code to execute if condition2 is
false;
}}

5. Switch case
❖ Contains multiple blocks of code
❖ Executed based on which variable is
switched
❖ It enhances readability rather than if
else if statements
❖ Case cannot be duplicate
❖ Default statement is executed when
all others are false
❖ Break will terminate the control from
the code block
switch (expression){
case value1:
statement1;
break;
.
.
.
case valueN:
statementN;
break;
default:
default statement;
}

6. While Loop
❖ Used to iterate over the code
block multiple times
❖ Entry controlled loop
while(condition){
//Code to execute
}

7. Do While Loop
❖ Used to iterate over the code
block multiple times
❖ Checks the condition at the end
of the loop after executing the
loop statements
❖ Exit controlled loop
do
{
//Code to execute
} while (condition);

8. For Loop
❖ Used to iterate over the code
block multiple times
❖ When the number of iterations
are known, For loop is the best
option
for (initialization; condition;
increment/decrement)
{
//Code to execute
}

9. For Each Loop
❖ Used to iterate and get the
elements from an array.
❖ No increment is needed
int a[] = {18,25,28,29,30};
for (int eachvalueina : a) {
//Code to execute
}

10. Break - Jumping Statements
❖ Used to terminate the loop
❖ Breaks the current flow of the
program
for (int a = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
if (i == 3){
break;
System.out.println(i);}
}
Output
1
2

11. Continue - Jumping Statements
❖ Skips the Current iteration
❖ continue statement will begin
the next iteration
for (int a = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
if (i == 3){
continue;
System.out.println(i);}
}
Output
1
2
4