The document discusses different types of control flow statements in Java including selection statements, iterative statements, and jump statements. It provides examples of for, while, do-while, and for-each loops. The for loop is used to repeatedly execute code a fixed number of times. The while and do-while loops repeat until a boolean condition is false or true, respectively. The for-each loop iterates through elements of arrays and collections. Control flow statements allow programs to alter their default sequential execution by making decisions or repeating parts of the code.