The document provides detailed descriptions of various instruments used in obstetrics and gynecology, including the uterine sound, specula, forceps, and dilators. Each instrument's purpose, design features, and specific uses in medical procedures are outlined. Key instruments discussed include the uterine sound for gauging uterine depth, obstetric forceps for assisting with deliveries, and Hegar dilators for cervical dilation.

1. OBG- STUDIES
PRESENTED BY:
SANDHYA KUMARI

2. INSTRUMENTS
USED IN
OBSTETRICS
AND
GYNAECOLOGY

3. Uterine Sound:

4. The Uterine Sound is used to gauge the depth and
position of the uterine cavity. It is also helpful with the
placement of IUDs (Intra-uterine device) and the
verification of the intrauterine position and length for
HSG (Hysterosalpingography) procedures. The
proximal portion of the sound is 3.5 mm in diameter
tapering to 2.5 mm at the distal portion with a bulbous
tip to reduce the risk of perforation.
DESCRIPTION

5. SIM’S SPECULUM

6. Sims' speculum is inserted into the vagina to
retract posterior vaginal wall. It gives more
exposure of the vaginal walls than
Cusco's Speculum and therefore is preferred
for gynaecological surgeries. it is possible to
slide the instrument around the vaginal wall to
enable better visualization.
DESCRIPTION:

7. DUCK BILL SPECULLUM

8. Cusco's self-retaining bivalved speculum is a
surgical instrument used for vaginal and
cervical examination. It has a jaw that opens
up like a duck bill.
DESCRIPTION:

9.
OBSTETRICS FORCEPS

10. Obstetric forceps consist of two branches
(blades) that are positioned around the head of
the fetus. ... Forceps with a sliding lock
mechanism are used for deliveries requiring
more rotation. The blade of
each forceps branch is the curved portion that
is used to grasp the fetal head.
DESCRIPTION:

11. GREEN ARMYTAGE

12. Green-Armytage Forceps are used to
grasp and clamp tissue in the uterus.
The forceps has wide blades with
horizontal serrations. The forceps are
used for edges of the transverse incision
in the lower segment. The locking rings
handle and ratchets grip the tissue firmly.
DESCRIPTION:

13. SPONGE FORCEP

14. Ring shaped ends with tranverse serrations on inner surface to
prevent slipping.
INSTRUCTION FOR USE:
SPONGE Forceps. Sponge forceps, also known
as sponge holding forceps, are used for holding swabs
or sponges in medical procedures. Normally, they are
constructed in a scissor shape, with ratcheted handles and
looped, smooth or serrated jaws. A sponge forceps may be
curved or straight depending on its specific purpose.
DESCRIPTION:

15. VULSELLUM FORCEPS

16. Velsellum Forceps are most often
used in obstetrics and gynecology.
Each pair of surgical forceps has
hooks at the tip of each blade and are
used to grasp the uterus or cervix
during procedures.
DESCRIPTION:

17. OVUM FORCEPS

18. Spoon shaped ends
No lock, so no crushing action.
INSTRUCTION FOR USE:
Ovum forceps are commonly used to remove
placental fragments inside the uterus. It is also
used as a hemostat or a clamping instrument.
DESCRIPTION:

19. NEEDLE HOLDER

20. A needle holder, also called needle
driver, is a surgical instrument, similar to
a hemostat, used by doctors and surgeons
to hold a suturing needle for closing
wounds during suturing and surgical
procedures. The parts of a simple needle
holder are the jaws, the joint and the
handles.
DESCRIPTION:

21. HEGAR DILATOR

22. Hegar dilators are used to induce cervical
dilation in order to gain entry to the interior
of the uterus. ... The dilators can also
be used to sound the uterus. Hegar
dilators are widely used in gynecology to
open up the cervix. This may be necessary
prior to a uterine curettage or biopsy.
DESCRIPTION:

23. THUMB FORCEP

24. Thumb forceps are spring forceps
used by compression between
your thumb and forefinger and are
used for grasping, holding or
manipulating body tissue. They are
non-ratchet style.
DESCRIPTION:

25. FETOSCOPE

26. A device used to obtain information about a fetus
within the uterus.
INSTRUCTION FOR USE:
A fetoscope can sometimes detect a heartbeat as early
as 14 weeks, although 20 weeks–or even more–is
more common.
DESCRIPTION:

27. UTERINE CURETTE

28. A curette is a surgical instrument
designed for scraping or debriding
biological tissue or debris in a biopsy,
excision, or cleaning procedure. The use
of curette include: dilation
and curettage of the uterus, a
gynecologic procedure.
DESCRIPTION:

29. PLAIN SCISSOR

30. Surgical scissors are surgical
instruments usually used for cutting.
DESCRIPTION:

31. CHEATLE FORCEP

32. Cheatle Sterilizer Forceps are used to remove
sterilised instruments from boilers and
formalin cabinets. They are used to ensure that
as each item is removed, others are not
infected. The forceps are placed in a container
of methylated spirits when not in use.
DESCRIPTION:

33. ARTERY FORCEP

34. Artery forceps (also known as
hemostatic forceps, vascular forceps, or
clamp) is a basic surgical instrument that
is commonly used in the field of
medicine. During a surgical procedure,
blood vessels may rupture and leak blood
that obscure the surgical field.
DESCRIPTION:

35. DOYEN’S RETRACTOR

36. The Doyen Retractor is a broad
based retractor used to pull back soft
tissues and widen the surgical field. ...
The blade is curved forwards with an
upper concave surface to enhance the
surgical view. The featured blade is 48 x
90 mm in size.
DESCRIPTION:

37. EPISIOTOMY SCISSOR

38. For cutting the perineal skin and
tissue (episiotomy) to facilitate the
passage of the foetal head during
labour.
DESCRIPTION:

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