This document proposes a new strategy for simultaneously compensating voltage and current harmonics in a microgrid using coordinated control of dual shunt interfacing converters. The first converter suppresses local load supply voltage harmonics, while the second mitigates harmonic current produced by the interaction between the first converter and the nonlinear load. To simplify control of parallel converters, a modified hybrid voltage and current controller is developed that does not require phase-locked loops or detection of load current/supply voltage harmonics. Simulated and experimental results validate the proposed topology and control strategy.
Comparative Analysis of Different Controllers in Two–Area Hydrothermal Power ...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of different controllers for regulating frequency and power interchange in a two-area hydrothermal power system under step load disturbances. It summarizes the system model, describes several conventional controllers (PI, PID) and their tuning using Ziegler-Nichols methods. It also outlines an intelligent fuzzy logic controller with Mamdani fuzzy inference and describes its design and rule base. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller achieves better dynamic response and steady-state error than the conventional controllers.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Load Frequency Control using PID and Fuzzy- PID C...IRJET Journal
This document compares the use of PID and fuzzy-PID controllers for load frequency control in a two-area power system. It describes the system model, including thermal and hydro units. The control objectives are to maintain frequency and regulate tie-line power exchange errors. Simulation results show that the fuzzy-PID controller provides better dynamic response than the PID controller, with lower undershoot, shorter settling time, and improved transients in frequency response and tie-line power exchange for both areas when subject to a 1% load disturbance.
IRJET- Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Compensation Via UPQC using PID Contro...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a PID controller to compensate for total harmonic distortion (THD) in a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). A UPQC uses two voltage source inverters connected back-to-back to compensate for voltage sags/swells and reduce current harmonics and reactive power. The proposed method uses a PID controller to regulate voltage and current parameters and reduce THD. Simulation results show the PID controller reduces THD in the load current to below 5% and regulates the DC bus voltage. The paper concludes the UPQC with PID controller provides effective compensation of current THD.
Due to extensive use of motion control system in industry, there has been growing research on proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers. DC motors are widely used various areas of industrial applications. The aim of this paper is to implement efficient method for controlling speed of DC motor using a PID controller based. Proposed system is implemented using arduino microcontroller and PID controller. Motor speed is controlled through PID based revolutions per minute of the motor. This encoder data will be send through microcontroller to Personal Computer with PID controller implemented in MATLAB. Results shows that PID controllers used provide efficient controlling of DC motor.
IRJET- Power Quality Improvement by using DSTATCOM with PSO Tuned PI Cont...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to tune the proportional-integral (PI) controller parameters for a distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) system. A DSTATCOM controls voltages and currents using a voltage source inverter and PI controllers. Typically PI parameters are tuned through trial and error, but PSO can find optimal parameters. The document describes the DSTATCOM configuration, synchronous reference frame control algorithm, use of PI controllers to regulate DC voltage and load current, and how PSO is applied to tune the PI gains to improve the system's performance. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show the effectiveness of the PSO-tuned PI controller for the DSTATCOM under nonlinear
IRJET- Monitoring of Distribution Transformer and its Theft Protection by usi...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a system to monitor distribution transformers and protect against theft using a programmable logic controller (PLC). Sensors such as potential transformers, current transformers, and RTD temperature sensors are connected to the PLC to continuously measure the transformer's voltage, current, temperature, oil level, and detect if it has been stolen. If any parameters exceed limits, the PLC can shut down the transformer to prevent damage. The system aims to make distribution systems more secure, reliable and efficient by remotely monitoring transformers using the PLC.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Comparative Analysis of Different Controllers in Two–Area Hydrothermal Power ...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of different controllers for regulating frequency and power interchange in a two-area hydrothermal power system under step load disturbances. It summarizes the system model, describes several conventional controllers (PI, PID) and their tuning using Ziegler-Nichols methods. It also outlines an intelligent fuzzy logic controller with Mamdani fuzzy inference and describes its design and rule base. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller achieves better dynamic response and steady-state error than the conventional controllers.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Load Frequency Control using PID and Fuzzy- PID C...IRJET Journal
This document compares the use of PID and fuzzy-PID controllers for load frequency control in a two-area power system. It describes the system model, including thermal and hydro units. The control objectives are to maintain frequency and regulate tie-line power exchange errors. Simulation results show that the fuzzy-PID controller provides better dynamic response than the PID controller, with lower undershoot, shorter settling time, and improved transients in frequency response and tie-line power exchange for both areas when subject to a 1% load disturbance.
IRJET- Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Compensation Via UPQC using PID Contro...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a PID controller to compensate for total harmonic distortion (THD) in a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). A UPQC uses two voltage source inverters connected back-to-back to compensate for voltage sags/swells and reduce current harmonics and reactive power. The proposed method uses a PID controller to regulate voltage and current parameters and reduce THD. Simulation results show the PID controller reduces THD in the load current to below 5% and regulates the DC bus voltage. The paper concludes the UPQC with PID controller provides effective compensation of current THD.
Due to extensive use of motion control system in industry, there has been growing research on proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers. DC motors are widely used various areas of industrial applications. The aim of this paper is to implement efficient method for controlling speed of DC motor using a PID controller based. Proposed system is implemented using arduino microcontroller and PID controller. Motor speed is controlled through PID based revolutions per minute of the motor. This encoder data will be send through microcontroller to Personal Computer with PID controller implemented in MATLAB. Results shows that PID controllers used provide efficient controlling of DC motor.
IRJET- Power Quality Improvement by using DSTATCOM with PSO Tuned PI Cont...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to tune the proportional-integral (PI) controller parameters for a distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) system. A DSTATCOM controls voltages and currents using a voltage source inverter and PI controllers. Typically PI parameters are tuned through trial and error, but PSO can find optimal parameters. The document describes the DSTATCOM configuration, synchronous reference frame control algorithm, use of PI controllers to regulate DC voltage and load current, and how PSO is applied to tune the PI gains to improve the system's performance. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show the effectiveness of the PSO-tuned PI controller for the DSTATCOM under nonlinear
IRJET- Monitoring of Distribution Transformer and its Theft Protection by usi...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a system to monitor distribution transformers and protect against theft using a programmable logic controller (PLC). Sensors such as potential transformers, current transformers, and RTD temperature sensors are connected to the PLC to continuously measure the transformer's voltage, current, temperature, oil level, and detect if it has been stolen. If any parameters exceed limits, the PLC can shut down the transformer to prevent damage. The system aims to make distribution systems more secure, reliable and efficient by remotely monitoring transformers using the PLC.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
PES Wind Magazine - New-generation DFIG power converters for 6-8 MW wind turb...Ingeteam Wind Energy
DFIG topology wind turbines have been widely used in the wind energy market during the last years to cover the medium and lower power ranges, between 2 and 4 MW. Nowadays, this fact has changed and the OEMs are developing DFIG wind turbines that could go above power rates of 6 MW.
Ingeteam’s new generation of power converters apply the most advanced control strategies, state of the art semiconductor technologies and cooling strategies that solve the main constraints of the DFIG topology, allowing for an increase in the power rate of the new wind turbines above 6 MW.
The document provides information about the structure, operation, and control of power systems. It discusses:
1) The typical structure of power systems including generation, transmission, and distribution systems organized into interconnected regional grids and pools.
2) SCADA and EMS systems which monitor power system parameters, send real-time data to control centers, and support functions like generation control, scheduling, forecasting, and contingency analysis to guide optimal system operation.
3) Key aspects of power system operation and control including load frequency control, automatic voltage control, state estimation, and flexible AC transmission systems which maintain system stability and security through monitoring and automated response.
Efficient reconfigurable architecture of baseband demodulator in sdreSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the simulation architecture and performance analysis with the use of ZCD technic. A Zero-Crossing based All-Digital Baseband Demodulation architecture is proposed in this work. This architecture supports demodulation of all modulation schemes including MSK, PSK, FSK, and QAM. The proposed structure is very low area, low power, and low latency and can operate in real-time. Moreover it can switch, in run-time, between multiple modulation schemes like GMSK (GSM), QPSK (CDMA), GFSK (Bluetooth), 8-PSK (EDGE), Offset-QPSK (W-CDMA), etc. In addition, the phase resolution of the demodulator is scalable with performance. In addition, bit-wise amplitude quantization based quad-decomposition approach is utilized to demodulate higher order M-ary QAM modulations such as 16-QAM & 64-QAM, which is also a highly scalable architecture. This structure of demodulator provides energy-efficient and resource-efficient implementation of various wireless standards in physical layer of SDR. Keywords — Physical layer, Mobile and Wireless Communication, Software Defined radio (SDR), Zero Cross Detection (ZCD), Modulation Schemes, Architecture, high level synthesis, FPGA.
Efficient speed governor for blower motoreSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents an efficient speed governor for the blower motor used in the air conditioning of electric vehicles (EV). Performance optimization of blowers offers tremendous potential for energy saving and hence the running cost. Pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is one of the most economical and widely used techniques in the motor control applications. SG 3525 device is used to generate the required PWM signals for the regulation of the blower motor speed. The PWM signal with 0-100% duty ratio control governs the semiconductor switches such as MOSFETs in controlling the supply voltage to the motor. The proposed control scheme governs the speed by varying the reference voltage to the SG 3525 and also protects the motor from high current as the scheme monitors the current flow through the motor indirectly via gate control signal of the semiconductor switches. Keywords: Pulse width modulation (PWM), Blower, Electric Vehicle (EV), SG 3525, MOSFET, Duty ratio.
IRJET- Modified Sepic Converter with Sliding Mode Controller to Improve t...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a modified SEPIC converter with sliding mode control to improve efficiency from solar panels. A conventional SEPIC converter was modified with an additional inductor and capacitor. Sliding mode control is implemented to handle nonlinearities in the output compared to conventional PI control. Simulation results show the modified SEPIC converter with sliding mode control improves efficiency over conventional techniques by providing a more constant output current and voltage despite input current oscillations.
IRJET- Reduction of So Urce Current Harmonics in an Inverter Fed Induction Mo...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study on reducing source current harmonics in an inverter-fed induction motor drive system using an input active filter along with a PI controller. Simulations were conducted on systems with a linear induction motor load and a combination of linear and non-linear loads, both with and without the active filter and PI controller. The results show that total harmonic distortion was reduced by over 90% for just the linear load and over 60% for the combined loads when the active filter and PI controller were added.
Health care facilities and hospitals have more stringent circuit protection requirements than conventional building electrical systems. Because of the unique constraints of health care facility electrical systems, design engineers must ensure these demanding requirements are met. However, codes adopted in many jurisdictions don’t provide a significant amount of guidance regarding feeder and branch circuit design for health care facilities. Engineers must understand and apply circuit protection best practices especially when designing electrical systems in health care facilities.
Speed Sensor less DTC of VSI fed Induction Motor with Simple Flux Regulation ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses improving speed and torque estimations for direct torque control of an induction motor at low speeds. It proposes using a constant switching frequency controller instead of a 3-level hysteresis torque comparator to maintain constant switching frequency while improving stator flux regulation at low speeds. An extended Kalman filter-based estimator is used to estimate speed feedback for closed-loop speed control without requiring a speed sensor. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink software are presented to validate the approach for low speed operation. The goal is to develop a simple sensorless direct torque control method with improved performance at low and zero speeds.
This document discusses various control techniques for microgrids. It begins by defining microgrids and explaining their importance for distributed power generation. It then analyzes different control strategies for microgrids including grid-connected mode, islanded mode, peer-to-peer control, and master-slave control. Specific control methods like droop control, P/Q control and others are explained. The document also discusses central control methods and the role of power electronics devices in microgrid control. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of control strategies for stable and efficient operation of microgrids.
When designing generator systems, consulting engineers must ensure that the generators and the building electrical systems that they support are appropriate for the specific application. Whether providing standby power for health care facilities or prime power for rural processing plants, engineers must make decisions regarding generator sizing, load types, whether generators should be paralleled, fuel storage, switching scenarios, and many other criteria. In addition to being up to speed on the applicable codes, consulting engineers must work with the authorities having jurisdiction (AHJ) to ensure approval for the generator system is attained.
Consulting engineers who specify emergency power equipment understand that installations for mission critical facilities, such as hospitals and data centers, are required to comply with NFPA 110: Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, in conjunction with NFPA 70: National Electrical Code. System designers must interpret the requirements of NFPA 110, ensure their designs follow them, and educate their clients about how the standard affects their operations.
NFPA 110 provides performance requirements for emergency and standby power systems that supply reliable auxiliary power to critical and essential loads when the primary power source fails. The standard covers installation, maintenance, operation, and testing requirements as they pertain to the performance of the emergency power supply system (EPSS) including power sources, transfer equipment, controls, supervisory equipment, and all related electrical and mechanical auxiliary and accessory equipment.
IRJET- Speed Control of BLDC Motor using PID Tuned Fuzzy ControllerIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used a PID-tuned fuzzy controller to control the speed of a brushless DC motor (BLDC) with varying load parameters like torque and current. A solar photovoltaic array charges a boost converter which supplies power to a voltage source inverter that provides electronic commutation for the BLDC motor. The PID-tuned fuzzy controller adjusts the gains of the PID controller based on the load range to maintain the desired motor speed. The system was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.
Advanced inverter requirements are spreading across the US and globally due to technology drivers and grid support needs. Standards and communication protocols have evolved to enable advanced inverter functions that provide grid services through volt-watt, volt-var, and other controls. Testing of these functions is helping to accelerate markets as requirements spread to more states and countries.
This document discusses condition monitoring systems for fixed-speed wind turbines up to 1,500 kW. It introduces the VIBNODE® Wind system, which continuously monitors vibration and other parameters over the entire operating range of wind turbines. VIBNODE® Wind autonomously performs in-depth analysis and preliminary evaluations of measurement data. It automatically sends alerts and data to a central diagnostic center without requiring large data transfers. VIBNODE® Wind is a cost-effective condition monitoring solution for small wind turbines.
Amiri Guard Starter panels Presentation Rev-1 Dt16-11-2014Sheikh Imran
The document discusses types of motor starters used in motor control centers (MCC), including direct online (DOL), star-delta, and variable frequency drive (VFD) starters. It provides details on the basic operation of each type and their advantages. It also discusses technical specifications, installation, operation, maintenance, and fault analysis of VFD starters. Variable frequency drives are described as providing precise control of AC motor speed and torque by varying input frequency and voltage.
Every facility has inherent and unique risks, which introduce emergency communication design challenges. Understanding emergency communication system design, installation, and maintenance criteria requires engineers to be familiar with the applicable codes and standards, primarily NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code. Whether designing to provide emergency communication for fire or mass notification emergencies, NFPA 72 can be used as a tool to enhance the design, installation, and reliability of fire alarm systems used for emergency communications.
The document discusses Siemens' 7KT/7KM PAC measuring devices. It provides an overview of the devices' features and abilities, including precise and reliable energy measurement, integration capabilities with automation and monitoring systems through various communication options, and universal worldwide use through international approvals. Device options are presented ranging from basic energy measurement to monitoring of power quality and system status. Key highlights include intuitive menu for fast commissioning, easy connection to higher level systems, and global application in accordance with IEC/EN and UL standards.
This document summarizes a study that optimizes PID controller parameters for load frequency control in a four-area interconnected power system using particle swarm optimization. The four-area system includes thermal, thermal with reheat, hydro, and gas power plants. PID controllers are used for each area. Particle swarm optimization is used to minimize the integral of squared error performance index by optimizing the PID parameters. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate improved regulation of frequency deviations and tie-line power flows with the optimized PID controllers.
Closed Loop Simulation and Implementation of Digital Integral Control of Sy...IRJET Journal
1) The document describes the closed-loop simulation and implementation of a digital integral controller for a synchronous buck converter.
2) A synchronous buck converter uses two MOSFET switches instead of a diode and switch to improve efficiency. It was modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.
3) The digital controller uses an ADC, digital compensator, and DPWM to regulate the output voltage against input voltage and load current variations. Simulation results show the converter steps down the input voltage as expected.
Implementation of the can bus in the vehicle based on arm 7eSAT Journals
Abstract
A controller area network (CAN) is mostly used to the many high level industrial protocol , due to it reducing wiring harness , tremendous flexibility, high performance ,low cost .This paper represent the CAN used in the motor car , which show different parameter by using different sensors , the different types of sensors to measure the different parameter like temperature , humidity ,gas detection & fuel level based on ARM (LPC 2129). Microcontroller ARM (LPC 2129) has inbuilt CAN controller.
Keywords: CAN bus, ARM7 (LPC2129) , MCP2551 ,MQ6 LPG gas detector , SY-HS 220 humidity detector, LM 35 temperature sensor.
IRJET- Hybrid Feed Forward Control for Power Factor Correction RectifierIRJET Journal
This document discusses a hybrid feed forward control method for a power factor correction (PFC) rectifier based on a four-switch buck-boost converter. The converter operates continuously across the line cycle, transitioning smoothly between buck and boost modes. A controller computes duty cycles based on sensed inductor current and output voltage to implement PFC functionality. The converter is simulated in Matlab Simulink. Parameters like efficiency and voltage regulation are recorded. This control architecture simplifies hardware requirements compared to traditional boost converters and achieves good power factor and efficiency.
A Review on Rapid Control of a Brushless Motor in an Hybrid Systemsunil kumar
This document discusses the rapid control of a brushless motor in a hybrid system. It presents an experimental setup that uses electromagnetic clutches to allow power transfer between a brushless DC motor and an internal combustion engine via pulleys. An incremental encoder is used to measure motor angular velocity, which is fed back in a control loop to synchronize motor and engine speeds. Both classic PID control and fuzzy logic control are explored. Simulation results show that a fuzzy proportional-integral controller combined with a PID controller helps autotune gains in real-time and improves rise time and settling time compared to conventional tuning methods. The control system aims to optimize fuel efficiency in the hybrid system.
PES Wind Magazine - New-generation DFIG power converters for 6-8 MW wind turb...Ingeteam Wind Energy
DFIG topology wind turbines have been widely used in the wind energy market during the last years to cover the medium and lower power ranges, between 2 and 4 MW. Nowadays, this fact has changed and the OEMs are developing DFIG wind turbines that could go above power rates of 6 MW.
Ingeteam’s new generation of power converters apply the most advanced control strategies, state of the art semiconductor technologies and cooling strategies that solve the main constraints of the DFIG topology, allowing for an increase in the power rate of the new wind turbines above 6 MW.
The document provides information about the structure, operation, and control of power systems. It discusses:
1) The typical structure of power systems including generation, transmission, and distribution systems organized into interconnected regional grids and pools.
2) SCADA and EMS systems which monitor power system parameters, send real-time data to control centers, and support functions like generation control, scheduling, forecasting, and contingency analysis to guide optimal system operation.
3) Key aspects of power system operation and control including load frequency control, automatic voltage control, state estimation, and flexible AC transmission systems which maintain system stability and security through monitoring and automated response.
Efficient reconfigurable architecture of baseband demodulator in sdreSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the simulation architecture and performance analysis with the use of ZCD technic. A Zero-Crossing based All-Digital Baseband Demodulation architecture is proposed in this work. This architecture supports demodulation of all modulation schemes including MSK, PSK, FSK, and QAM. The proposed structure is very low area, low power, and low latency and can operate in real-time. Moreover it can switch, in run-time, between multiple modulation schemes like GMSK (GSM), QPSK (CDMA), GFSK (Bluetooth), 8-PSK (EDGE), Offset-QPSK (W-CDMA), etc. In addition, the phase resolution of the demodulator is scalable with performance. In addition, bit-wise amplitude quantization based quad-decomposition approach is utilized to demodulate higher order M-ary QAM modulations such as 16-QAM & 64-QAM, which is also a highly scalable architecture. This structure of demodulator provides energy-efficient and resource-efficient implementation of various wireless standards in physical layer of SDR. Keywords — Physical layer, Mobile and Wireless Communication, Software Defined radio (SDR), Zero Cross Detection (ZCD), Modulation Schemes, Architecture, high level synthesis, FPGA.
Efficient speed governor for blower motoreSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents an efficient speed governor for the blower motor used in the air conditioning of electric vehicles (EV). Performance optimization of blowers offers tremendous potential for energy saving and hence the running cost. Pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is one of the most economical and widely used techniques in the motor control applications. SG 3525 device is used to generate the required PWM signals for the regulation of the blower motor speed. The PWM signal with 0-100% duty ratio control governs the semiconductor switches such as MOSFETs in controlling the supply voltage to the motor. The proposed control scheme governs the speed by varying the reference voltage to the SG 3525 and also protects the motor from high current as the scheme monitors the current flow through the motor indirectly via gate control signal of the semiconductor switches. Keywords: Pulse width modulation (PWM), Blower, Electric Vehicle (EV), SG 3525, MOSFET, Duty ratio.
IRJET- Modified Sepic Converter with Sliding Mode Controller to Improve t...IRJET Journal
The document discusses a modified SEPIC converter with sliding mode control to improve efficiency from solar panels. A conventional SEPIC converter was modified with an additional inductor and capacitor. Sliding mode control is implemented to handle nonlinearities in the output compared to conventional PI control. Simulation results show the modified SEPIC converter with sliding mode control improves efficiency over conventional techniques by providing a more constant output current and voltage despite input current oscillations.
IRJET- Reduction of So Urce Current Harmonics in an Inverter Fed Induction Mo...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study on reducing source current harmonics in an inverter-fed induction motor drive system using an input active filter along with a PI controller. Simulations were conducted on systems with a linear induction motor load and a combination of linear and non-linear loads, both with and without the active filter and PI controller. The results show that total harmonic distortion was reduced by over 90% for just the linear load and over 60% for the combined loads when the active filter and PI controller were added.
Health care facilities and hospitals have more stringent circuit protection requirements than conventional building electrical systems. Because of the unique constraints of health care facility electrical systems, design engineers must ensure these demanding requirements are met. However, codes adopted in many jurisdictions don’t provide a significant amount of guidance regarding feeder and branch circuit design for health care facilities. Engineers must understand and apply circuit protection best practices especially when designing electrical systems in health care facilities.
Speed Sensor less DTC of VSI fed Induction Motor with Simple Flux Regulation ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses improving speed and torque estimations for direct torque control of an induction motor at low speeds. It proposes using a constant switching frequency controller instead of a 3-level hysteresis torque comparator to maintain constant switching frequency while improving stator flux regulation at low speeds. An extended Kalman filter-based estimator is used to estimate speed feedback for closed-loop speed control without requiring a speed sensor. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink software are presented to validate the approach for low speed operation. The goal is to develop a simple sensorless direct torque control method with improved performance at low and zero speeds.
This document discusses various control techniques for microgrids. It begins by defining microgrids and explaining their importance for distributed power generation. It then analyzes different control strategies for microgrids including grid-connected mode, islanded mode, peer-to-peer control, and master-slave control. Specific control methods like droop control, P/Q control and others are explained. The document also discusses central control methods and the role of power electronics devices in microgrid control. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of control strategies for stable and efficient operation of microgrids.
When designing generator systems, consulting engineers must ensure that the generators and the building electrical systems that they support are appropriate for the specific application. Whether providing standby power for health care facilities or prime power for rural processing plants, engineers must make decisions regarding generator sizing, load types, whether generators should be paralleled, fuel storage, switching scenarios, and many other criteria. In addition to being up to speed on the applicable codes, consulting engineers must work with the authorities having jurisdiction (AHJ) to ensure approval for the generator system is attained.
Consulting engineers who specify emergency power equipment understand that installations for mission critical facilities, such as hospitals and data centers, are required to comply with NFPA 110: Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, in conjunction with NFPA 70: National Electrical Code. System designers must interpret the requirements of NFPA 110, ensure their designs follow them, and educate their clients about how the standard affects their operations.
NFPA 110 provides performance requirements for emergency and standby power systems that supply reliable auxiliary power to critical and essential loads when the primary power source fails. The standard covers installation, maintenance, operation, and testing requirements as they pertain to the performance of the emergency power supply system (EPSS) including power sources, transfer equipment, controls, supervisory equipment, and all related electrical and mechanical auxiliary and accessory equipment.
IRJET- Speed Control of BLDC Motor using PID Tuned Fuzzy ControllerIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used a PID-tuned fuzzy controller to control the speed of a brushless DC motor (BLDC) with varying load parameters like torque and current. A solar photovoltaic array charges a boost converter which supplies power to a voltage source inverter that provides electronic commutation for the BLDC motor. The PID-tuned fuzzy controller adjusts the gains of the PID controller based on the load range to maintain the desired motor speed. The system was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.
Advanced inverter requirements are spreading across the US and globally due to technology drivers and grid support needs. Standards and communication protocols have evolved to enable advanced inverter functions that provide grid services through volt-watt, volt-var, and other controls. Testing of these functions is helping to accelerate markets as requirements spread to more states and countries.
This document discusses condition monitoring systems for fixed-speed wind turbines up to 1,500 kW. It introduces the VIBNODE® Wind system, which continuously monitors vibration and other parameters over the entire operating range of wind turbines. VIBNODE® Wind autonomously performs in-depth analysis and preliminary evaluations of measurement data. It automatically sends alerts and data to a central diagnostic center without requiring large data transfers. VIBNODE® Wind is a cost-effective condition monitoring solution for small wind turbines.
Amiri Guard Starter panels Presentation Rev-1 Dt16-11-2014Sheikh Imran
The document discusses types of motor starters used in motor control centers (MCC), including direct online (DOL), star-delta, and variable frequency drive (VFD) starters. It provides details on the basic operation of each type and their advantages. It also discusses technical specifications, installation, operation, maintenance, and fault analysis of VFD starters. Variable frequency drives are described as providing precise control of AC motor speed and torque by varying input frequency and voltage.
Every facility has inherent and unique risks, which introduce emergency communication design challenges. Understanding emergency communication system design, installation, and maintenance criteria requires engineers to be familiar with the applicable codes and standards, primarily NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code. Whether designing to provide emergency communication for fire or mass notification emergencies, NFPA 72 can be used as a tool to enhance the design, installation, and reliability of fire alarm systems used for emergency communications.
The document discusses Siemens' 7KT/7KM PAC measuring devices. It provides an overview of the devices' features and abilities, including precise and reliable energy measurement, integration capabilities with automation and monitoring systems through various communication options, and universal worldwide use through international approvals. Device options are presented ranging from basic energy measurement to monitoring of power quality and system status. Key highlights include intuitive menu for fast commissioning, easy connection to higher level systems, and global application in accordance with IEC/EN and UL standards.
This document summarizes a study that optimizes PID controller parameters for load frequency control in a four-area interconnected power system using particle swarm optimization. The four-area system includes thermal, thermal with reheat, hydro, and gas power plants. PID controllers are used for each area. Particle swarm optimization is used to minimize the integral of squared error performance index by optimizing the PID parameters. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate improved regulation of frequency deviations and tie-line power flows with the optimized PID controllers.
Closed Loop Simulation and Implementation of Digital Integral Control of Sy...IRJET Journal
1) The document describes the closed-loop simulation and implementation of a digital integral controller for a synchronous buck converter.
2) A synchronous buck converter uses two MOSFET switches instead of a diode and switch to improve efficiency. It was modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink.
3) The digital controller uses an ADC, digital compensator, and DPWM to regulate the output voltage against input voltage and load current variations. Simulation results show the converter steps down the input voltage as expected.
Implementation of the can bus in the vehicle based on arm 7eSAT Journals
Abstract
A controller area network (CAN) is mostly used to the many high level industrial protocol , due to it reducing wiring harness , tremendous flexibility, high performance ,low cost .This paper represent the CAN used in the motor car , which show different parameter by using different sensors , the different types of sensors to measure the different parameter like temperature , humidity ,gas detection & fuel level based on ARM (LPC 2129). Microcontroller ARM (LPC 2129) has inbuilt CAN controller.
Keywords: CAN bus, ARM7 (LPC2129) , MCP2551 ,MQ6 LPG gas detector , SY-HS 220 humidity detector, LM 35 temperature sensor.
IRJET- Hybrid Feed Forward Control for Power Factor Correction RectifierIRJET Journal
This document discusses a hybrid feed forward control method for a power factor correction (PFC) rectifier based on a four-switch buck-boost converter. The converter operates continuously across the line cycle, transitioning smoothly between buck and boost modes. A controller computes duty cycles based on sensed inductor current and output voltage to implement PFC functionality. The converter is simulated in Matlab Simulink. Parameters like efficiency and voltage regulation are recorded. This control architecture simplifies hardware requirements compared to traditional boost converters and achieves good power factor and efficiency.
A Review on Rapid Control of a Brushless Motor in an Hybrid Systemsunil kumar
This document discusses the rapid control of a brushless motor in a hybrid system. It presents an experimental setup that uses electromagnetic clutches to allow power transfer between a brushless DC motor and an internal combustion engine via pulleys. An incremental encoder is used to measure motor angular velocity, which is fed back in a control loop to synchronize motor and engine speeds. Both classic PID control and fuzzy logic control are explored. Simulation results show that a fuzzy proportional-integral controller combined with a PID controller helps autotune gains in real-time and improves rise time and settling time compared to conventional tuning methods. The control system aims to optimize fuel efficiency in the hybrid system.
IRJET- Analysis of 3-Phase Induction Motor with High Step-Up PWM DC-DC Conver...IRJET Journal
This document discusses control methods for STATCOMs using fuzzy logic controllers and genetic algorithm-tuned PID controllers. STATCOMs are shunt FACTS devices that help solve power quality issues through fast reactive power control. Conventionally, PID controllers are used but require trial and error to tune parameters. The document proposes using fuzzy logic controllers and genetic algorithms to optimize PID parameters to improve STATCOM current control response. It describes STATCOM modeling, fuzzy logic controller design including fuzzification, inference, and defuzzification. Genetic algorithms are used to find optimal PID parameters. Simulation results in MATLAB show the proposed methods improve current control response over conventional PID control.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Fuzzy and GA-PID Controllers for Optimized Perf...IRJET Journal
This document describes research into using different controller types, including fuzzy logic controllers and genetic algorithm optimized PID controllers, to control a STATCOM device for improved reactive power compensation performance. A STATCOM is a shunt Flexible AC Transmission System device that can help solve power quality issues. Conventionally, PID controllers are used but require trial and error to tune parameters. The document models a STATCOM system and explores using fuzzy logic control or genetic algorithms to automatically determine optimal PID parameters to achieve faster response compared to conventional PID control. Simulation results in MATLAB show that both fuzzy logic control and genetic algorithm optimized PID control improve the STATCOM current control response compared to manually tuned PID controllers.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of Analog PI and Discrete PI Controller with Sing...IRJET Journal
This document compares analog and discrete PI controllers for regulating the output of a buck converter. It first describes the buck converter circuit and derives its transfer function. It then simulates both continuous and discrete PI controllers in MATLAB to control the buck converter. The results show that the analog PI controller has faster rise time and settling time with less overshoot and variation, while the discrete controller has higher flexibility and simpler design but more jitter and overshoot. In conclusion, each controller type has advantages for different applications depending on the needed performance and complexity.
A New Control Method for the Multi-Area LFC System Based on Port-Hamiltonian ...IRJET Journal
This document presents a new control method for load frequency control (LFC) in a multi-area power system based on Port-Hamiltonian and cascade systems. The proposed method uses PID control laws that decouple total tie-line power flow and provide robust disturbance rejection. Simulation results in Matlab/Simulink validate that the proposed method performs better than existing PID methods by achieving faster response speeds and smaller overshoots for changes in tie-line power and frequency deviations in both two-area and four-area test systems with and without reheated turbines.
A Review paper on Power Quality Improvement Techniques in a Grid Integrated S...IRJET Journal
This document reviews power quality improvement techniques for grid-integrated solar photovoltaic systems. It discusses how shunt active power filters (SAPF) using fuzzy logic and DC-DC PID controllers can improve power quality by reducing harmonics. SAPF generates harmonic currents that are opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the original harmonics, cancelling them out. The document also reviews other power quality improvement methods like reactive power compensation, flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices, and active filters.
Study on power control of doubly fed induction generatorIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on controlling power from a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) for wind turbine systems. A DFIG allows variable speed operation through the use of an AC-DC-AC converter connected to its rotor. The converter controls both active and reactive power independently of generator speed. The study examines control strategies for the rotor side converter to regulate speed and power, and the grid side converter to control DC bus voltage and power flow. Simulation results show the DFIG control system can maintain stable power output despite fluctuating wind speed.
Speed Control of Dc Motor using Adaptive PID with SMC SchemeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using an adaptive PID controller with sliding mode control (SMC) to control the speed of a DC motor. It begins by introducing DC motors and their use in industry. It then discusses PID, SMC, and adaptive PID+SMC control approaches. The document outlines the modeling of a separately excited DC motor. It presents the design of PID, SMC, and adaptive PID+SMC controllers for speed control. Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink show that the adaptive PID+SMC controller provides superior performance to PID and SMC alone in terms of settling time, rise time, and eliminating overshoot under parameter variations and disturbances.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This paper presents an enhanced nonlinear PID (NPID) controller to follow a preselected speed profile of brushless DC motor drive system. This objective should be achieved regardless the parameter variations, and external disturbances. The performance of enhanced NPID controller will be investigated by comparing it with linear PID control and fractional order PID (FOPID) control. These controllers are tested for both speed regulation and speed tracking. The optimal parameters values of each control technique were obtained using Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on a certain cost function. Results shows that the proposed NPID controller has better performance among other techniques (PID and FOPID controller).
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Wind Turbine Pitch Angle Control by Fu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using fuzzy logic control and PID control together for pitch angle control of wind turbines. It begins with background on wind turbine components and control methods. Existing pitch control methods like PI, PID, and fuzzy logic are described along with their drawbacks. The document then proposes a combined fuzzy-PID controller and simulates it in MATLAB. Simulation results show the combined controller reduces power output fluctuations and improves tracking of reference speeds compared to other methods. It is concluded that fuzzy-PID control is more robust to nonlinearities and provides better performance than individual controllers.
The document provides a literature review on PM brushless motors, PID controllers, and PID tuning methods. It discusses how PM brushless motors have advantages over other motor types due to their high efficiency, power density, and reliability. It then describes how PID controllers are widely used in motion control despite other advanced control techniques due to their robustness and ease of implementation. Finally, it reviews traditional PID tuning methods like Ziegler-Nichols and relay feedback and discusses how these methods identify critical process parameters to calculate PID gains.
Iaetsd design of fuzzy self-tuned load frequency controller for power systemIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes a self-tuning fuzzy controller designed for load frequency control (LFC) in a multi-machine power system. Conventional PID gains are first obtained using ant colony system optimization. These gains are then used to design fuzzy controller gains to solve the LFC problem under different loading conditions and non-linearities like generation rate constraints. The proposed self-tuning fuzzy controller is tested on a practical thermal and hydel power system and shown to perform better than conventional integral and ACS-PID controllers in dealing with system uncertainties and changing operating conditions.
IRJET- Load Frequency Control of a Wind Integrated Power System using Convent...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (FPID) controller for load frequency control of a power system integrated with wind power. The system being studied is a four-area power system with each area containing wind, hydro, and thermal power plants. Simulation results show that the system with renewable energy sources gives better dynamic response when using an FPID controller compared to using a conventional PID controller. The FPID controller is able to better suppress frequency deviations caused by load and power fluctuations from the renewable energy sources.
Study of PID Controllers to Load Frequency Control Systems with Various Turbi...IJERA Editor
This document discusses the use of PID controllers for load frequency control (LFC) systems with various turbine models. It first provides background on LFC and the objectives of maintaining constant system frequency. It then describes using PID controllers with different tuning methods, including Ziegler-Nichols and Integral Model Controller, for LFC systems with non-reheat, reheat, and hydro turbines. The document presents the transfer functions for these various turbine models. It also discusses designing PID controllers both with and without the droop characteristic to improve damping. The goal is to study PID controller design methods and tuning to improve the performance of LFC systems with different turbine types.
Digital Voltage Control of DC-DC Boost ConverterIJERA Editor
The need for digital control for faster communication between power stage module & system controllers is increased with requirement of load complexity. The requirements also include stability of power module with the parametric variation. This paper presents a digital control of a dc-dc boost converter under nominal parameter conditions. The system controller has been verified in both frequency response as well as MATLAB-Simulink under nominal & parametric varying condition. The modeling of converter has been illustrated using state-space averaging technique. Direct digital design method is equipped to design the controller in frequency response to yield constant load voltage. The characteristic of load voltage before & after parametric variation is shown.
IRJET- Load Frequency Control in Two Area Power Systems Integrated with S...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study comparing the performance of PID, Fuzzy-PID, and ANFIS controllers for load frequency control in a two-area power system integrated with a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit. Simulation results show that the ANFIS-PID controller provides the best dynamic response with the lowest overshoot and undershoot and fastest settling time for both frequency deviation and tie-line power deviation, both with and without the SMES unit. The addition of the SMES unit further improves the system performance for all three controllers by reducing initial deviations after load disturbances.
DC Motor Position Control Using Fuzzy Proportional-Derivative Controllers Wit...IOSR Journals
This document discusses controlling the position of a DC motor using fuzzy proportional-derivative controllers with different defuzzification methods. It first introduces Shravan Kumar Yadav and his background. It then models a DC motor in Simulink and designs a crisp PD controller as a benchmark. Different fuzzy PD controllers using various defuzzification methods are implemented and their responses compared. The fuzzy controllers are able to reject disturbances without retuning, unlike the crisp PD controller. The purpose is to control DC motor position using fuzzy logic control in MATLAB and compare its performance to PID control.
DC Motor Position Control Using Fuzzy Proportional-Derivative Controllers Wit...IOSR Journals
This document discusses using fuzzy proportional-derivative (FPD) controllers to control the position of a DC motor. It first describes modeling the DC motor in Simulink and designing a crisp proportional-derivative (PD) controller as a benchmark. Then it discusses designing an FPD controller and comparing the system responses using different defuzzification methods. It finds that the FPD controller is able to reject disturbances without further tuning, unlike the crisp PD controller.
Similar to IRJET- Simultaneous Microgrid Voltage and Current Harmonics Compensation using Coordinated Control of Dual-Interfacing-Converters (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.