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IRJET- Experimental Study on Cement and Lime Mortars using Natural Admixtures like Kadukkay and Jaggery
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IRJET- Experimental Study on Cement and Lime Mortars using Natural Admixtures like Kadukkay and Jaggery
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 105 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CEMENT AND LIME MORTARS USING NATURAL ADMIXTURES LIKE KADUKKAY AND JAGGERY Prof. V. Siva Rama Raju1, Bh. Jhansi Lakshmi2 1Professor, Dept. of Civil Engg. S.R.K.R. Engg. College, Bhimavaram, A.P, India 2P.G. Student, Dept. of civil Engg. S.R.K.R Engg. College, Bhimavaram, A.P, India -------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------ ABSTRACT - Cement has been used as the major construction material. Lime is arguably the world first true green and versatile building material. With the introduction of Portland cement during the nineteenth century the use of lime mortar in new constructions gradually declined, largely due compressive strength. Now-a-days various chemicals are used as admixture to improve the strength and performance of concrete. The cement and chemicals used in modern construction causes environmental pollution and its effect is significant. But a variety of plants and animal products used in traditional lime mortar not only improves the strength but also proves its durability for centuries. It also helps to retrieve the traditional concept of addition of admixture to concrete. In this experimental study, the compressive strength and permeability parameters of the cement and lime mortar using natural admixtures like kadukkay and jaggery in different proportions are studied.. The natural admixtures that are found to improve the strength are “Terminaliachebula” (kadukkay). Jaggery is the product of sugarcane which contains large amounts of minerals. The proportions of admixtures (kadukkay and jaggery) are simultaneously varied from 10%, 20%, 25%. The results show that the addition of admixtures improved the strength and impermeability of cement mortar and lime mortars at 20%. KEY WORDS: Compressive strength, Jaggery, kadukkay, permeability. 1. INTRODUCTION The materials used in the ancient period were enviro friendly, stable in a wider range of environmental conditions whereas the present synthetic materials are stable within the specified conditions. This could be one of the possible reasons why ancient structures are still in good shape, confirming the durability of these structures which used natural biopolymers from selected plant and fruit extracts. Kadukkay has powerful binding property and desirable hardening properties. The dried kadukkay is made in powder and added to cement/lime. Jaggery water extracted from sugarcane has very good bonding properties. In earlier days of constructions, kadukkay powder and Jaggery water are used in preparation of mortars. 2. METHODOLOGY The materials used in this investigation are: OPC 53 Grade (Conforming to IS: 12269-1987) is used. Hydraulic Lime with specific gravity of 2.5 is used and formula of lime is Ca Mg (OH) 4, CaCo3, Al2O3, 2SiO2. Ennore sand of Grade I, II, and III are used as fine aggregates. The sand used is free from clay, silt and other organic impurities. Specific gravity is about 2.60, water absorption is 0.8%, the water used for mixing is clean and free from impurities conforming to clause 5.4 of IS: 456-2000. Kadukkay is naturally available fruit which has hardening properties. Kadukkay powder is used as admixture in cement mortar and lime mortar in proportions of 10%, 20% and 25%. Jaggery water collected from sugarcane industry is used as a admixture in cement mortar and lime mortar in proportions of 10%, 20% and 25%. 3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE In normal cement mortar mix 1:3 (cement: sand) are used. In normal lime mortar mix 1:3 (lime: sand) are used. Kadukkay powder and Jaggery water are simultaneously added to cement mortar in proportions of 10%, 20% and 25%. Cement mortar mix is denoted as CM0, CM1, CM2, CM3. Similarly, Kadukkay powder and Jaggery water are simultaneously added to lime mortar in proportions of 10%, 20% and 25%. Lime mortar mix is denoted as LM0, LM1, LM2, LM3. Mortar cubes of size 7.07×7.07×7.07 cm are casted using vibration table. The compressive strength of these cubes are obtained at the age of 3 days and 7 days, and 28 days after curing for cement mortar and 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days of curing for lime mortar. Permeability test are conducted at the age of 28 days of curing cement and lime mortar. 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The cubes were tested in compressive strength machine at the age of 3 days, 7 days and 28 days of cement mortar with natural additives like kadukkay and Jaggery.
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 106 TABLE1. Compressive strength of cement mortar. Mix Compressive strength N/mm2 3 days 7 days 28days CM0 23.64 28.24 60.27 CM1 22.84 31.67 62.05 CM2 25.67 33.6 64.08 CM3 25.61 33.2 63.04 GRAPH1. Compressive strength of cement mortar Graph 1 shows that there is increase in compressive strength at 20% of kadukkay and Jaggery compared to the remaining percentage of admixtures. The cubes are tested in compressive strength machine at the age of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days of lime mortar with natural additives of kadukkay and Jaggery. TABLE2. Compressive test of lime mortar. Mix Compressive strength N/mm2 3 days 7 days 14 days 28days LM0 1.2 1.28 1.62 1.64 LM1 1.32 1.32 1.88 1.68 LM2 1.36 1.35 1.9 1.7 LM3 1.36 1.33 1.85 1.7 GRAPH 2: Compressive strength of Lime Mortar. Graph 2 shows that there is increase in compressive strength at 20% of kadukkay and Jaggery when compared to the remaining percentage of admixtures. After 28 days of curing, cement and lime mortar cubes were allowed to test the permeability and the results are shown graphically. GRAPH3: Permeability of cement mortar [VALUE] 22.84 25.67 25.61 28.24 31.67 33.6 33.2 60.27 62.05 64.08 63.04 0% 10% 20% 25% COMPRESSIVESTRENGTHINN/MM2 ADMIXTURES PERCENTAGE (K+JP) compressive strength at 3 days compressive strength at 7 days compressive strength at 28 days 1.2 1.32 1.36 1.36 1.28 1.32 1.35 1.33 1.62 1.88 1.9 1.85 1.64 1.68 1.7 1.7 0% 10% 20% 25% COMPRESSIVESTRENGTHINN/MM2 ADMIXTURES PERCENTAGE (K+JP) compressive strength at 3 days compressive strength at 7 days compressive strength at 14 days compressive strength at 28 days 6.85 6.29 5.23 6.8 0% OF A DDIT IVE S 10% OF A DDIT IVE S 20% OF A DDIT IVE S 25% OF A DDIT IVE S PERMEABILITY×10-6(CM/SEC) CEMENT MORTAR PERMIABILITY OF CEMENT MORTAR
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 107 GRAPH4: Permeability of lime mortar 5. CONCLUSIONS At the age of 3days, 7 days and 28 days compressive strength of CM2 cubes has maximum increase of 8.58%, 18.98% and 6.32%. At the age of 3days, 7days, 14 days and 28days compressive strength of LM2 cubes has maximum increase of 13.6%, 5.47%, 17.28% and 3.66%. At the age of 28days, permeability of CM2 cubes has a maximum decrease of 23.65%. At the age of 28days, permeability of LM2 cubes has a maximum decrease of 41.43%. In all respects, maximum gain in strength and maximum decrease in permeability is obtained in CM2 and LM2 cubes. 6. REFERENCE 1. A. E. Abalaka, “Comparative Effects of Cassava Starch and Simple Sugar in Cement Mortar and Concrete”, ATBU Journal of Environmental Technology, 4, (1), 2011. 2. Bazid Khan and Bulent Baradan, “The Effect of Sugar on Setting –Time of Various type of Cements”, Science Vision, 8(1), 2002. 3. Bassam Z. Mahasneh and Reyad “Compressive strength and permeability of sand cement and clay, composite application for heavy metal stabilization. 4. David S Mitchell (2007) Inform guide: the use of lime and cement in traditional buildings. Published by Technical Conservation, Research and Education Group, Historic Scotland, Edinburgh. 5. Holmes Stafford (2002) An introduction to building limes. In: Foresight Lime Research Conference. Manchester University. 6. Indian specification for building lime, third revision (IS: 712- 1984). 7. Indian standard methods of physical tests for hydraulic cement IS: 4031(Part -8) “Determination of transverse and compression strength of plastic mortar using prism”. 8. Indian standard Methods of tests for building limes (IS: 6932 (Part 4) “Determination of fineness of hydrated lime”. 9. Indian standard methods of tests for building limes (IS: 6932 (Part 8) “Determination of workability”. 10. Meenakshi sharma, bhavya parashar “Influence of fly ash on mechanical and transport properties of concrete and mortar due to its effect on the interfacial transition zone” 5.05 4.50 3.33 5.44 0% OF A DDIT IVE S 10% OF A DDIT IVE S 20% OF A DDIT IVE S 25% OF A DDIT IVE S PERMEABILITY×10-6(CM/SEC) LIME MORTAR PERMIABILITY OF LIME MORTAR
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