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IRJET- Cost Wise Comparison on Gap Fillers in Masonry Walls
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1619 Cost wise Comparison on Gap fillers in Masonry Walls. Mr.B.Senthil Naathan.M.E.,1, S.Dinesh Babu.D.C.E.,2, G.Preethi3 , S.Isha 4 1 Asst.Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr.N.G.P.Institute Of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu. 2,3,4 Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr.N.G.P.Institute Of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The aim of this paper is to address the Low cost housing. In the Load Bearing Structures Masonry walls plays a prevalent role in load transfer mechanism, and hence a conspicuous importance is to be provided in selecting the materials for it. Our workmainlyinvolvesin the comparison of Masonry Walls with conventionalgap fillers , with Rat-Trap-Bond and masonry wallswithAAC (Autoclaved aerated concrete) Blocks. Ourdrudgeryhad clinched off that Rat -Trap bond had provided better Ecofriendly and Economy based Gap-Filler in Masonry walls was to that would would satisfy upcoming generation dreams in the best way. Key Words: Rat-Trap-Bond,Autoclavedaeratedconcrete blocks, Normal bonds. 1.INTRODUCTION Mr.Laurie Baker is invented the Rat Trap Bond for an cost -effective construction. A “Rat-Trap-Bond” is a type of brick masonry. The size of a brick is 230 x 110 x 75mm. The shiner and rowlock are visible on the face of masonry. The wall with an internal cavity bridges by the rowlock. By making cavity in the bonding brick, cement can be saved considerably .This method also comes under Green building technologies and appropriate option against conventional wall masonry. The Rat-Trap-Bond construction is amodular type of masonry construction. The autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are made from Fly ash, Cement, Lime, and Water and an aerating agent. AAC blocks are lightweight and fairly energy efficient. It was an Eco-friendly building material. The AAC blocks are Fire resisting material. It was also non-allergic and hence maintains the quality of air within a building without changing any properties over a time. By using AAC blocks, we can reduce our construction cost about nearly 30% over time. 2. Rat-Trap Bond Masonry It was one of the types of masonry techniques. Here the bricks are used in a way which creates a cavity within the wall while maintaining the normal wall thickness. In English bond or Flemish bond, the bricks were laid flat whereas in Rat-trap bond masonry, the bond was laid on shiner and in rowlock manner. The main advantage of Rat-Trap bond is to reduce the number of bricks and the mortar used here was similar to the normal methods. In addition, this cavity makes the wall more thermally efficient. It also reduces the embodied energy of brick masonry by saving number of bricks and the C.M which was mainly suitable in one-brick wall requirement. 2.1 Construction Details of Rat-TrapBondmasonry 3. Autoclaved aerated block constructions Autoclaved aerated concrete is a precast product which was prepared by Fly ash, Cement, Lime, and an expansion agent like aluminum powder. The AAC blocks are more economical in society. The aerated concrete is available in blocks and in panels. This masonry is used for both load and Volume: 05 Issue: 08 | Aug 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1620 non-load bearing structure. AAC blocks are fire proofing, thermal efficiency, it reduces noise pollutionandimprovesin indoor air quality. The AAC structures were well-suited to withstand fires, Earthquakes, and other Naturaldisasters.Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless they are unavoidable. Table 1 - Comparison of AAC blocks vs Clay bricks Parameter AAC Block Clay Brick Size 400 x 215 x 100 mm 230 x 115 x 75mm Precision in Size Variation 1.5mm (+/-) Variation 5mm (+/-) Compressive Strength 30 – 40 kg/cm2 25 – 30 kg/cm2 Dry Density 551 – 650 kg/m3 ( over dry ) 1950 kg/m3 Wet Density Approx. 800 – 850 kg Approx. 2400 kg Wastage Up to 5% Up to 20% Burning Done in Autoclaves with High Pressure steam: ready in 12 hours Done in Clay Kilns Fire Resistance Up to 6 Hours for 215mm thickness 2 hours Sound Reduction ( DB ) 45 for 215 mm thick wall 50 for 230mm thk wall Thermal Conductivity Approx. 0.16 – 0.25 Approx. 0.81 Surface Quality( Fungus problems) None; Smoot clean finish with no fungus Fungus and salinity problems on the surface [Reh] Adaptation to various surface Finishes Smoother surface results in better coating application Inconsistent surface Mortar Consumption 0.018 per m3 with 1:6 / 0.5 Bag of Cement 0.1 per m3 with 1:6 / 1.35 bag of Cement Construction Time Reduced by upto 50% compared to clay bricks Double AAC blocks Energy Saving 32% (Approx.) Air- Condition Load both Heating and Cooling will come down No Saving Cost Benefit Factor Dead Load Reduce Structural cost No Saving ContributiontoCarpet Area 2 – 3 % No Saving ChemicalComposition Fly Ash used min. 50% which reacts with [ Lime & Cement ] to form AAC which is an inert material Soil which contains inorganic impurities like sulphates are used and that results in efflorescence 4. Designing a Masonry Buildings A Masonry buildings are designed by using IS 4326:1993. The band shall be made ofreinforcedconcreteofgradewhich should not be leaner than M15 or reinforced brick work in cement mortar which should not leaner than 1:3. The bands can be of full wide of the wall and not less than 75mm in depth and reinforced with steel. The band was provided at the Lintel and Roof/Floor. By providing a band on lintel and roof, it acts as an Earthquake resisting building. 4.1 Reinforcement and Bending Detail in R.C Band 5. Calculating Bricks/Blocks required for 3m x 3m room 5.1 Calculating Normal Brick required for 3m x 3m room : Brick dimension = 20 x 10 x 10 cm. For placing a First layer all around the building = 112 No. of Bricks. For placing a Second layer all around the building = 112 No. of Bricks. For constructing a 3m height of Brick Masonry = 28 layers. No. of Brick required for constructing a 3m x 3m room = 3200 No. of bricks required 5.2 Calculating a Brick required for Rat-Trap Bond for 3m x 3m room : Brick dimension = 0.23 x 0.11 x 0.075 m. For placing a First layer all around the building = 120 No. of Bricks. For placing a second layer all around the building = 120 No. of Bricks. For constructing a 3m height of Brick Masonry = 26 layers. Volume: 05 Issue: 08 | Aug 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1621 No. of bricks required for constructing a 3m x 3m room = 3120 No. of bricks required 5.3 Calculating a AAC Blocks required for constructing a 3m x 3m room : Block dimension = 440 x 215 x 100 mm. For placing a First layer all around the building = 24 No. of Blocks. For placing a Second layer all around the building = 24 No. of Blocks. For constructing a 3m height of wall = 13 layers. No. of Blocks required for constructing a 3m x 3m room = 312 No. of Blocks required Table 2 - Comparison of English bond, Rat-Trap Bond and a AAC Block Type of Wall Construction English Bond (Normal Construction) Rat-Trap Bond AAC Block Construction Brick/Block dimension 0.2 x 0.1 x 0.1 m 0.23 x 0.11 x 0.075 m 0.44 x 0.215 x 0.100 m Mortar thickness 0.0075 m 0.0075 m 0.0075 m Total Bricks/Blocks need for constructing a 3m x 3m room 3200 No. of Bricks 3120 No. of Bricks 312 No. of Blocks Mortar need for constructing 1.253 m3 0.831 m3 0.313 m3 Cost of 1 Brick/Blocks Rs.6/- Rs.6/- Rs.70/- Total cost of Bricks/Blocks need for construction Rs.19200/- Rs.18720/- Rs.21840/- 6. CONCLUSIONS For the human beings, Housing is the most basic need. This research paper will help to construct a building in low cost. The techniquesof construction can be easily adopted forthe construction of all types of buildings. Rat-trap bond is an innovational technique for efficient brick work system with many advantages over the conventional brick work system. By using Rat-trap bond for the construction purposes, itwas able to reduce the huge usage of materials. Rat-Trap bond construction has a very good future scope for its development as a commercial product. We can partially replace instead of normal construction techniquesbyusinga Rat-Trap bond and by using an AAC block construction techniques. REFERENCES [1] https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.345438 [2] Low cost housing manual (pdf) [3] International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 11, Number 1 (2016) pp 484-491 [4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy [5] http://www.bmtpc.org/topics.aspx?mid=356&Mid1=365— Rat trap Bond Walling Technique Details [6] http ://sepindia.org/ihd-sep/ceeef-technologies/rat-trap- bond-a-masonry-technique/ [7] http://www.ruralhousingnetwork.in/technical/rat-trap- bond/Introduction [8] http://ww w.slideshare.net/ChitraVishwanath/rat-trap- bond-masonry [9] Construction-of-an-Ecofriendly-Building-using-Green- Building-Approach: A research Paper by Ashish Kumar Parashar, Rinku Parashar, International Journalof Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 6, June -2012 [10] http://www.gharexpert.com/a/ashishbatra/1658/Rattrap- Bond_0.aspx [11] https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Figure-IV-Rat-Trap- Bond-DISADVANTAGES-1-Not-a-good-sound-insulator-2- Excavation-of_fig4_281273136 [12] https://www.slideshare.net/ssconmat/10-advantages-of- using-aac-blocks-for-building-your-dream-home-49924748 [13] The Masterbuilder | July 2016 | www.masterbuilder.co.in [14] http://www.magicreteaac.com [15] Autoclaved Aerated Concrete as a Green Building Material, Stefan Schnitzler ,October 2006 [16] http://extension.ucdavis.edu/unit/green_building_and_sust ainability/pdf/resources/auto_ aerated_concrete.pdf [17] IS 4326 : 1993 – Earthquake resistance design and construction of buildings – code of practice Volume: 05 Issue: 08 | Aug 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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