This document presents a computational fluid dynamics analysis of wax melting. It describes a 3D model of a hollow sphere with an aluminum wall and various phase change materials tested for thermal energy storage. Simulation results show temperature and melt fraction contours over time, comparing energy stored by different phase change materials. Paraffin wax is selected for its suitable properties including a melting point of 331-338K and latent heat of 190000 J/kg. The 3D model is created in Creo software and heat transfer calculations are presented for different time intervals, showing heat transferred and volumes of materials.
Experimenal investigation of performance and combustion characteristics of po...eSAT Journals
Abstract Over the last two decades there has been a tremendous increase in the number of automobiles and a corresponding increase in the fuel price. In this regard, alternative fuels like vegetable oils play a major role. Use of pure vegetable oil in diesel engines causes some problems due to their high viscosity compared with diesel fuel. To solve the problems due to high viscosity various techniques are used. One such technique is fuel blending. In the present work the pongamia methyl esters (B25, B50, B75, and B100); prepared by transesterification process was used as an alternative fuel in a diesel engine. Investigations were carried out for the performance and combustion characteristics of pongamia methyl esters. The results were compared with diesel fuel. For this experiment, a single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled diesel engine at a rated speed of 1500 rpm was used. Tests were carried out over the entire range of engine operation at varying load of 0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5.2 at rated speed of 1500rpm and results are compared with diesel. The thermal efficiency, bsfc, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency are well comparable with diesel for diesel engine and low heat rejection engine and better performance and combustion characteristics are observed in case of LHR engine. From investigation it can be stated that up to 25% blend of pongamia biodiesel can be substituted for diesel engine without any modification and with modification we can blend up to 25% we can get better performance and combustion characteristics than normal engine. Keywords: Pongamia biodiesel, low heat rejection engine
Experimenal investigation of performance and combustion characteristics of po...eSAT Journals
Abstract Over the last two decades there has been a tremendous increase in the number of automobiles and a corresponding increase in the fuel price. In this regard, alternative fuels like vegetable oils play a major role. Use of pure vegetable oil in diesel engines causes some problems due to their high viscosity compared with diesel fuel. To solve the problems due to high viscosity various techniques are used. One such technique is fuel blending. In the present work the pongamia methyl esters (B25, B50, B75, and B100); prepared by transesterification process was used as an alternative fuel in a diesel engine. Investigations were carried out for the performance and combustion characteristics of pongamia methyl esters. The results were compared with diesel fuel. For this experiment, a single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled diesel engine at a rated speed of 1500 rpm was used. Tests were carried out over the entire range of engine operation at varying load of 0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5.2 at rated speed of 1500rpm and results are compared with diesel. The thermal efficiency, bsfc, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency are well comparable with diesel for diesel engine and low heat rejection engine and better performance and combustion characteristics are observed in case of LHR engine. From investigation it can be stated that up to 25% blend of pongamia biodiesel can be substituted for diesel engine without any modification and with modification we can blend up to 25% we can get better performance and combustion characteristics than normal engine. Keywords: Pongamia biodiesel, low heat rejection engine
The Indian cement industry today stands at
260 MTPA capacity, with greater growth prospects
and promising future ahead. Cement industry has
been an excellent example of a fast growing sector
showing consistent and steady reduction in its
energy consumption. This has largely been
possible by steady and continuous improvement
across all equipments in cement manufacturing
process.
Experimental Investigation on Performance, Emission and Combustion Character...IJMER
Diesel is a fossil fuel that is getting depleted at a fast rate. So an alternative fuel is necessary
and a need of the hour. Rice bran oil, which is cultivated in India at large scales, has a high potential
to become an alternative fuel to replace diesel fuel. Direct use of mahua oil cannot be done, as its
viscosity is more than the diesel fuel, and hence affects the combustion characteristics. The mahua oil is
esterified to reduce the viscosity and it is blended with diesel on volume basis in different proportions.
The use of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to increase the combustion temperature in diesel engines
has been pursued for over 20 years. Increased combustion temperature can increase the efficiency of
the engine. However, TBCs have not yet met with wide success in diesel engine applications because of
various problems associated with the thermo-mechanical properties of the coating materials. Although,
the in-cylinder temperatures that can be achieved by the application of ceramic coatings can be as high
as 850-9000C compared to current temperatures of 650-7000C. The increase in the in-cylinder
temperatures helped in better release of energy in the case of biodiesel fuels thereby reducing emissions
at, almost the same performance as the diesel fuel. Here the effort has been made to determine the
performance, emission and combustion characteristics of MOME blend with diesel in conventional
engine and LHR engine.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Performance and emission characteristics of al2 o3 coated lhr engine operated...eSAT Journals
Abstract Biodiesel is a renewable and environmental friendly alternative fuel which can be used as a substitute for diesel in compression engine. Biodiesel can be prepared from vegetable oils and animal fats. But the application of biodiesel in diesel engine will decrease the engine’s efficiency and increase the specific fuel consumption. Application of ceramic coatings in engine will help to solve these problems. This paper presents the experimental results of mahua oil biodiesel blend in an Al2O3 ceramic coated compression ignition engine. The brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen emissions of both diesel and mahua oil biodiesel blend were measured before and after coating and the results are described in this paper. Keywords: Mahua oil, biodiesel, ceramic coating, low heat rejection.
Experimental investigation of performance and combustion characteristics on a...eSAT Journals
Abstract In this study, for the first time, a nanoceramic Al2O3 was used as a coating material in the low heat rejection engine concept. Experiments were conducted on single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled, and direct injection diesel engine. First, the engine was tested at different load conditions without coating. Then, combustion chamber surfaces cylinder head, cylinder liner, valves, and piston crown face were coated with nanoceramic material of Al2O3 using plasma spray method. Comparative evaluation on performance and combustion characteristics using diesel, multi-blend biodiesel and its blends was studied in the ceramic coated and uncoated engines under the same running conditions. An increase in engine power, brake thermal efficiency and a decrease in specific fuel consumption were observed in the ceramic coated engine compared to that of normal engine. Keywords: Multi-blend biodiesel, low heat rejection engine
ANALYSIS OF PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION OF BINARY SOFC C...IAEME Publication
Binary co-generation power plants with solid oxide fuel cells (BCFC) belong to the category
of modern power systems with high efficiency. Calculation and optimization of this type of power
plants is a complex task, due to a number of influencing variables (parameters). The objective of the
present study is obtaining a realistic insight of the importance of the certain variables (parameters),
narrowing of the value ranges and assessing the overall impact of the considered variables to the
efficiency of the fuel cells and the plant as whole, including electricity and thermal power output.
Experimental investigation of the performance of vcr diesel engine fuelled by...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Increasing demand of fuel in everyday life and its hazards cause serious problem for this planet. Serious attention is required to see this problem. In this paper there is a research to find out the alternative for diesel fuel and efforts to increase its performance. N-butanol is blended with diesel in different volume (B5 - 5% n-butanol and 95% diesel, B10, B15, B20, B25 and B30) and its effects on various performance parameters are studied. Increasing Butanol concentration in fuel increases BSFC of the engine. Increasing butanol ratio reduces the BTE of the engine from 24% to 22% at maximum load. Exhaust gas temperature reduces with increasing butanol. Mechanical efficiency also increases with addition of n-butanol.
Keywords: N-butanol, BSFC, BTE
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Separation of mineral matter from indian coal by using solventseSAT Journals
Abstract
Coal resources have been estimated at over 861 billion tone globally. India accounts for 236 billion tonne of coal. Coal meets around
30.3 % of global primary energy needs and generates 42% of the world’s electricity. Indian electricity capacity has a rapid growth
from 1350MW in the year 1947 to more than 140,000MW presently. Wide spectrum of coal is required ranging from power generation
to steel production, infrastructure and commercial purposes. Indian coals contain high in ash content ranging from 15% to 55% [1]
but low in sulphur content. Power plants complain of high ash content, inconsistent quality and size. Research and process
development to produce the ash-free coal (Hyper-coal, HPC) has been carrying out since 1999 [5]. To improve the quality of coal by
washing to reduce the environmental impact, enhance coal quality and increase process efficiency. Coal washing and coal
beneficiation processes are the major thrust in terms of developing strong research cells for developing better practices, suiting
requirements of all the coalfields of India. The extraction yield depends strongly on the coal particle size, solvent and extraction
conditions. Experimental investigation for removal of mineral matter from Indian coal by using three different solvents such as
Tetrahydrofuran, 1,4 Dioxane and Diethyl ether. Comparative study on reduction of ash content of Indian coals having different
average particle sizes(0.126mm,0.258mm and 0.403mm) using different solvents reveals that Tetrahydrofuran is the best solvent with
respect to these used solvents. The maximum reduction of ash content is found to be 23.16%. Experimental studies also highlighted
how ash removal of coal by using solvents is increased with the decrease of particle size due to the easy liberation of ash bearing
components from coal particles [16].
Keywords: Ash-free coal, Coal particle size, Coal beneficiation, Tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4 Dioxane, Diethyl ether
Fuel conversion IBR Boiler HSD to LPG .SoorajThakur3
Naveen Gas Service
Converted a oil firing combustion system of 2 TPH forbs Marshal IBR Boiler into LPG Gas Fired with LOT Gas Bank system with all safety features .
Design and Performance Analysis of a LCD Laboratory LanternYogeshIJTSRD
This paper presents the performance of a LCD laboratory lantern designed to combust varieties of biofuels. The burner was designed as a laboratory scale standard model for experimental purposes. The effect of biofuel atomization on the temperature and structure of flame in the near burner region of a multi fuel stabilised burner of a laboratory scale lantern was investigated experimentally with the help of a microcontroller made of pic 16F877. The laboratory scale lantern is of two litres capacity and was designed and constructed at the department of Mechanical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University to be used for laboratory combustion analysis, such as flame stability, temperature, height etc with the help of microcontroller made of pic 16F877 which takes temperature reading between 0 150oC and content of flame in order to determine its structure. A 16 by 2 liquid crystal display was used to read out the values of the temperature read by the LM35. The LCD was interfaced to the microcontroller in a 4bit mode. The LM35 Temperature Sensor used in this design has Zero offset voltage, which means that the Output = 0V at 0 °C. The design of the fuel level detector unit was achieved using BC548 NPN transistor connected via collector to the microcontroller unit. The burner was designed to atomize and ignite a combination of gaseous, liquid and biofuels. Detailed fuel flow rate and flame temperature measurements were obtained by means of a regression model and a LM35 thermocouple. The measurements aim to provide additional understanding on the efficiency and combustion process interaction in laboratory scale burners which can lead to useful conclusions about the properties and structure of flames produced from different biofuels to ascertain their different areas of industrial applications. Nwadike Emmanuel Chinagorom | Azaka Onyemazuwa Andrew "Design and Performance Analysis of a LCD Laboratory Lantern" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40033.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/40033/design-and-performance-analysis-of-a-lcd-laboratory-lantern/nwadike-emmanuel-chinagorom
Bionic's µfuel catalytic MWDP (microwave depolymerization) process is a 2nd generation biomass/waste-to-fuel process ready for commercialization in 2011.
The Indian cement industry today stands at
260 MTPA capacity, with greater growth prospects
and promising future ahead. Cement industry has
been an excellent example of a fast growing sector
showing consistent and steady reduction in its
energy consumption. This has largely been
possible by steady and continuous improvement
across all equipments in cement manufacturing
process.
Experimental Investigation on Performance, Emission and Combustion Character...IJMER
Diesel is a fossil fuel that is getting depleted at a fast rate. So an alternative fuel is necessary
and a need of the hour. Rice bran oil, which is cultivated in India at large scales, has a high potential
to become an alternative fuel to replace diesel fuel. Direct use of mahua oil cannot be done, as its
viscosity is more than the diesel fuel, and hence affects the combustion characteristics. The mahua oil is
esterified to reduce the viscosity and it is blended with diesel on volume basis in different proportions.
The use of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to increase the combustion temperature in diesel engines
has been pursued for over 20 years. Increased combustion temperature can increase the efficiency of
the engine. However, TBCs have not yet met with wide success in diesel engine applications because of
various problems associated with the thermo-mechanical properties of the coating materials. Although,
the in-cylinder temperatures that can be achieved by the application of ceramic coatings can be as high
as 850-9000C compared to current temperatures of 650-7000C. The increase in the in-cylinder
temperatures helped in better release of energy in the case of biodiesel fuels thereby reducing emissions
at, almost the same performance as the diesel fuel. Here the effort has been made to determine the
performance, emission and combustion characteristics of MOME blend with diesel in conventional
engine and LHR engine.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Performance and emission characteristics of al2 o3 coated lhr engine operated...eSAT Journals
Abstract Biodiesel is a renewable and environmental friendly alternative fuel which can be used as a substitute for diesel in compression engine. Biodiesel can be prepared from vegetable oils and animal fats. But the application of biodiesel in diesel engine will decrease the engine’s efficiency and increase the specific fuel consumption. Application of ceramic coatings in engine will help to solve these problems. This paper presents the experimental results of mahua oil biodiesel blend in an Al2O3 ceramic coated compression ignition engine. The brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen emissions of both diesel and mahua oil biodiesel blend were measured before and after coating and the results are described in this paper. Keywords: Mahua oil, biodiesel, ceramic coating, low heat rejection.
Experimental investigation of performance and combustion characteristics on a...eSAT Journals
Abstract In this study, for the first time, a nanoceramic Al2O3 was used as a coating material in the low heat rejection engine concept. Experiments were conducted on single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled, and direct injection diesel engine. First, the engine was tested at different load conditions without coating. Then, combustion chamber surfaces cylinder head, cylinder liner, valves, and piston crown face were coated with nanoceramic material of Al2O3 using plasma spray method. Comparative evaluation on performance and combustion characteristics using diesel, multi-blend biodiesel and its blends was studied in the ceramic coated and uncoated engines under the same running conditions. An increase in engine power, brake thermal efficiency and a decrease in specific fuel consumption were observed in the ceramic coated engine compared to that of normal engine. Keywords: Multi-blend biodiesel, low heat rejection engine
ANALYSIS OF PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION OF BINARY SOFC C...IAEME Publication
Binary co-generation power plants with solid oxide fuel cells (BCFC) belong to the category
of modern power systems with high efficiency. Calculation and optimization of this type of power
plants is a complex task, due to a number of influencing variables (parameters). The objective of the
present study is obtaining a realistic insight of the importance of the certain variables (parameters),
narrowing of the value ranges and assessing the overall impact of the considered variables to the
efficiency of the fuel cells and the plant as whole, including electricity and thermal power output.
Experimental investigation of the performance of vcr diesel engine fuelled by...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Increasing demand of fuel in everyday life and its hazards cause serious problem for this planet. Serious attention is required to see this problem. In this paper there is a research to find out the alternative for diesel fuel and efforts to increase its performance. N-butanol is blended with diesel in different volume (B5 - 5% n-butanol and 95% diesel, B10, B15, B20, B25 and B30) and its effects on various performance parameters are studied. Increasing Butanol concentration in fuel increases BSFC of the engine. Increasing butanol ratio reduces the BTE of the engine from 24% to 22% at maximum load. Exhaust gas temperature reduces with increasing butanol. Mechanical efficiency also increases with addition of n-butanol.
Keywords: N-butanol, BSFC, BTE
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Separation of mineral matter from indian coal by using solventseSAT Journals
Abstract
Coal resources have been estimated at over 861 billion tone globally. India accounts for 236 billion tonne of coal. Coal meets around
30.3 % of global primary energy needs and generates 42% of the world’s electricity. Indian electricity capacity has a rapid growth
from 1350MW in the year 1947 to more than 140,000MW presently. Wide spectrum of coal is required ranging from power generation
to steel production, infrastructure and commercial purposes. Indian coals contain high in ash content ranging from 15% to 55% [1]
but low in sulphur content. Power plants complain of high ash content, inconsistent quality and size. Research and process
development to produce the ash-free coal (Hyper-coal, HPC) has been carrying out since 1999 [5]. To improve the quality of coal by
washing to reduce the environmental impact, enhance coal quality and increase process efficiency. Coal washing and coal
beneficiation processes are the major thrust in terms of developing strong research cells for developing better practices, suiting
requirements of all the coalfields of India. The extraction yield depends strongly on the coal particle size, solvent and extraction
conditions. Experimental investigation for removal of mineral matter from Indian coal by using three different solvents such as
Tetrahydrofuran, 1,4 Dioxane and Diethyl ether. Comparative study on reduction of ash content of Indian coals having different
average particle sizes(0.126mm,0.258mm and 0.403mm) using different solvents reveals that Tetrahydrofuran is the best solvent with
respect to these used solvents. The maximum reduction of ash content is found to be 23.16%. Experimental studies also highlighted
how ash removal of coal by using solvents is increased with the decrease of particle size due to the easy liberation of ash bearing
components from coal particles [16].
Keywords: Ash-free coal, Coal particle size, Coal beneficiation, Tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4 Dioxane, Diethyl ether
Fuel conversion IBR Boiler HSD to LPG .SoorajThakur3
Naveen Gas Service
Converted a oil firing combustion system of 2 TPH forbs Marshal IBR Boiler into LPG Gas Fired with LOT Gas Bank system with all safety features .
Design and Performance Analysis of a LCD Laboratory LanternYogeshIJTSRD
This paper presents the performance of a LCD laboratory lantern designed to combust varieties of biofuels. The burner was designed as a laboratory scale standard model for experimental purposes. The effect of biofuel atomization on the temperature and structure of flame in the near burner region of a multi fuel stabilised burner of a laboratory scale lantern was investigated experimentally with the help of a microcontroller made of pic 16F877. The laboratory scale lantern is of two litres capacity and was designed and constructed at the department of Mechanical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University to be used for laboratory combustion analysis, such as flame stability, temperature, height etc with the help of microcontroller made of pic 16F877 which takes temperature reading between 0 150oC and content of flame in order to determine its structure. A 16 by 2 liquid crystal display was used to read out the values of the temperature read by the LM35. The LCD was interfaced to the microcontroller in a 4bit mode. The LM35 Temperature Sensor used in this design has Zero offset voltage, which means that the Output = 0V at 0 °C. The design of the fuel level detector unit was achieved using BC548 NPN transistor connected via collector to the microcontroller unit. The burner was designed to atomize and ignite a combination of gaseous, liquid and biofuels. Detailed fuel flow rate and flame temperature measurements were obtained by means of a regression model and a LM35 thermocouple. The measurements aim to provide additional understanding on the efficiency and combustion process interaction in laboratory scale burners which can lead to useful conclusions about the properties and structure of flames produced from different biofuels to ascertain their different areas of industrial applications. Nwadike Emmanuel Chinagorom | Azaka Onyemazuwa Andrew "Design and Performance Analysis of a LCD Laboratory Lantern" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40033.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/40033/design-and-performance-analysis-of-a-lcd-laboratory-lantern/nwadike-emmanuel-chinagorom
Bionic's µfuel catalytic MWDP (microwave depolymerization) process is a 2nd generation biomass/waste-to-fuel process ready for commercialization in 2011.
Abstract
The present day scenario of the modern world is impossible to imagine without automobile. Thus it a primary challenge for automobile industries to design efficient and cost effective engine. The performance of the engine again depends on the type of fuel used, the cooling system, the lubrication system, the range of temperature in which the engine works etc. If the factors are taken care of then the performance of the engine can be improved. In this paper the effect of the fuel assimilating metallic nano-particles is studied. After the combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber the byproducts of combustion (water vapor and carbon dioxide) are further disintegrated, the dissociation of water being an exothermal process adds up to the heat intake of the engine. The food for the engine being heat and not the fuel, it is beneficial in every sense to extract maximum possible amount of heat from the given mass of fuel. This process has both merits and demerits which are shown by the comprehensive study of the fuel used in an internal combustion engine, the chemical process involved in the combustion and the process of exhaust.
Keywords: Nanofluids, Heat Transfer, Conductivity, Knocking and Detonation, Thermal Diffusibility.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.