The document provides an overview of the initial program load (IPL) process in z/OS. It describes how the bootstrap loads the operating system from disk into memory and passes control to the IPL control program IEAIPL00. This program initializes the system environment and loads initialization programs that initialize system areas, address spaces, and subsystems to start the operating system. The document also discusses system parameters and parmlib members that control the initialization process.
Maintec Technologies provides affordable access to latest Mainframe infrastructure for development, training, additional short term capacity increases and outsourcing needs. Leverage our Mainframe infrastructure, without investing the time, expense and manpower it would take to build your own!.
This slide contains all the basic concepts of ISPF. It's giving the simple and easy step to get the knowledge of Interactive system productivity facility. If u like it then give me feedback on email anilbharti85@gmail.com Thanks v much.
A K Bharti
Z4R: Intro to Storage and DFSMS for z/OSTony Pearson
This session covers basic storage concepts for z/OS operating system with examples for Flash, Disk and Tape devices and how to use DFSMS policy-based management. Presented at IBM TechU in Johannesburg, South Africa September 2019
Maintec Technologies provides affordable access to latest Mainframe infrastructure for development, training, additional short term capacity increases and outsourcing needs. Leverage our Mainframe infrastructure, without investing the time, expense and manpower it would take to build your own!.
This slide contains all the basic concepts of ISPF. It's giving the simple and easy step to get the knowledge of Interactive system productivity facility. If u like it then give me feedback on email anilbharti85@gmail.com Thanks v much.
A K Bharti
Z4R: Intro to Storage and DFSMS for z/OSTony Pearson
This session covers basic storage concepts for z/OS operating system with examples for Flash, Disk and Tape devices and how to use DFSMS policy-based management. Presented at IBM TechU in Johannesburg, South Africa September 2019
Contains information about the DB2 DSNZPARM that forms the DB2 configuration parameters. All about the different types of zPARMs. A way to update them dynamically.
A Parallel Sysplex is a cluster of IBM mainframes acting together as a single system image with z/OS that cooperate, using certain hardware and software products, to process work. Used for disaster recovery, Parallel Sysplex combines data sharing and parallel computing to allow a cluster of up to 32 mainframes to share a workload for high performance and high availability.Parallel Sysplex is analogous in concept to a UNIX cluster – allow the customer to operate multiple copies of the operating system as a single system. This allows systems to be added or removed as needed, while applications continue to run.
Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex (GDPS) is an end to end application availability solution. It is the ultimate disaster recovery and continuous availability solution for a multi-site enterprise. GDPS disk replication technology enhances the resiliency and provides continues availability of data by masking disk outages.
During IPL if the message ‘IEA311I UNLABELED DASD ON device’ is issued many times the ESQA storage needs are increased and this leads to a shortage of available ESQA.
CICS is the power of mainframe. It has all the capabilities to handle online transactions. The ppt covers highly useful CICS concepts to refresh your CICS knowledge quickly.
JCL
Job Control Language (JCL) is a name for scripting languages used On IBM mainframe operating systems to instruct the system on how to run a batch job or start a subsystem.
JCL acts as an interface between application programming and MVS Operating system.
Jcl is used for compilation and execution of batch programs.
Apart from the above functionalities JCL can also be used for,
1. Controlling the jobs.
2. Create GDG’S.
3. Allocate PDS,PS file with IBM Utilities.
4. Create Procs.
5. Sort the files.
JCL Coding Sheet
1,2,3----------Column Numbers----------72,73------------80
//JOBNAME JOB PARAMETERS------COMMENTS
// EXEC
// DD
//* ------------ Comment (* in 3rd column indicates line in comment)
//------------ End of JCL
Where // ----- Identification Field
job name------- Naming field
JOB,EXEC,DD - Statement / Operation
NOTE
If we want to continue parameters in the next line end the last parameter with “,” and continue next parameter only in 4-16 columns.
There are three statements in JCL.
JOB
EXEC
DD
JOB Statement:
Job statement is used to identify job name and job related parameters
JOBCARD = job name + job related parameters.
Syntax
//JOBNAME JOB ACCOUNT INFORMATION,’USERNAME’,CLASS=A-Z/0-9,
// NOTIFY =&SYSUID/RACF ID,MSGCLASS,
// MSGLEVEL=(X,Y),PRTY=0-15,
// TIME=(M,S),REGION=MB/KB,TYPRUN=SCAN/
// HOLD/COPY,COND=(RC,OPERATOR,STEPNAME)
// COND=ONLY OR COND=EVEN,RESTART=STEPNAME
JOBNAME
It is required to identify this job from other jobs in the SPOOL
1 to 8 characters minimum 1 character and maximum is 8 character.
1st character must be alphabet.
Other characters can be alphabets or numeric or $,&,#.
Example
Job names for personal or lab sessions
Userid + 1 / 2 chars
KC03P83$ ------- Userid is KC03P83
KC03P84&--------Userid is KCO3P84
ACCOUNTING INFORMATION
It is a keyword parameter and codes it after JOB statement.
It is used for billing purpose, in real time when we submit any job it is going to take some CPU time. Based on the CPU time there will be some amount involved where this amount has to go will be decided by A/C information parameters.
Examples
(8012T)
(80121I)
(8012M)
USERNAME
It is used to identify the user who has written the JCL.
It can be maximum of 20 characters.
Note Both A/C information and user name are positional parameters and the remaining job
card parameters are keyword parameters.
EX1: //KC03P83A JOB (487A),’JANAKI RAM’
EX2: //KC03P84& JOB (488T),’SOMISETTY’
NOTIFY
To which user id the job has to be notification after successful or unsuccessful completion.
Successful completion means MAXCC = 0 (or) 04 unsuccessful completion means MAXCC > 04.
If it is not coded,then user has to check the status of the job from the spo
Upgrade to IBM z/OS V2.4 technical actionsMarna Walle
Yes, "upgrade" is the new name for these traditional "migration" sessions! This is part one of a two-part session that will be of interest to System Programmers and their managers who are upgrading to z/OS 2.4 from either z/OS 2.2 or 2.3. It is strongly recommended that you review sessions for a complete upgrade picture.
The general availability date for z/OS V2.4 was September 30, 2019.
Contains information about the DB2 DSNZPARM that forms the DB2 configuration parameters. All about the different types of zPARMs. A way to update them dynamically.
A Parallel Sysplex is a cluster of IBM mainframes acting together as a single system image with z/OS that cooperate, using certain hardware and software products, to process work. Used for disaster recovery, Parallel Sysplex combines data sharing and parallel computing to allow a cluster of up to 32 mainframes to share a workload for high performance and high availability.Parallel Sysplex is analogous in concept to a UNIX cluster – allow the customer to operate multiple copies of the operating system as a single system. This allows systems to be added or removed as needed, while applications continue to run.
Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex (GDPS) is an end to end application availability solution. It is the ultimate disaster recovery and continuous availability solution for a multi-site enterprise. GDPS disk replication technology enhances the resiliency and provides continues availability of data by masking disk outages.
During IPL if the message ‘IEA311I UNLABELED DASD ON device’ is issued many times the ESQA storage needs are increased and this leads to a shortage of available ESQA.
CICS is the power of mainframe. It has all the capabilities to handle online transactions. The ppt covers highly useful CICS concepts to refresh your CICS knowledge quickly.
JCL
Job Control Language (JCL) is a name for scripting languages used On IBM mainframe operating systems to instruct the system on how to run a batch job or start a subsystem.
JCL acts as an interface between application programming and MVS Operating system.
Jcl is used for compilation and execution of batch programs.
Apart from the above functionalities JCL can also be used for,
1. Controlling the jobs.
2. Create GDG’S.
3. Allocate PDS,PS file with IBM Utilities.
4. Create Procs.
5. Sort the files.
JCL Coding Sheet
1,2,3----------Column Numbers----------72,73------------80
//JOBNAME JOB PARAMETERS------COMMENTS
// EXEC
// DD
//* ------------ Comment (* in 3rd column indicates line in comment)
//------------ End of JCL
Where // ----- Identification Field
job name------- Naming field
JOB,EXEC,DD - Statement / Operation
NOTE
If we want to continue parameters in the next line end the last parameter with “,” and continue next parameter only in 4-16 columns.
There are three statements in JCL.
JOB
EXEC
DD
JOB Statement:
Job statement is used to identify job name and job related parameters
JOBCARD = job name + job related parameters.
Syntax
//JOBNAME JOB ACCOUNT INFORMATION,’USERNAME’,CLASS=A-Z/0-9,
// NOTIFY =&SYSUID/RACF ID,MSGCLASS,
// MSGLEVEL=(X,Y),PRTY=0-15,
// TIME=(M,S),REGION=MB/KB,TYPRUN=SCAN/
// HOLD/COPY,COND=(RC,OPERATOR,STEPNAME)
// COND=ONLY OR COND=EVEN,RESTART=STEPNAME
JOBNAME
It is required to identify this job from other jobs in the SPOOL
1 to 8 characters minimum 1 character and maximum is 8 character.
1st character must be alphabet.
Other characters can be alphabets or numeric or $,&,#.
Example
Job names for personal or lab sessions
Userid + 1 / 2 chars
KC03P83$ ------- Userid is KC03P83
KC03P84&--------Userid is KCO3P84
ACCOUNTING INFORMATION
It is a keyword parameter and codes it after JOB statement.
It is used for billing purpose, in real time when we submit any job it is going to take some CPU time. Based on the CPU time there will be some amount involved where this amount has to go will be decided by A/C information parameters.
Examples
(8012T)
(80121I)
(8012M)
USERNAME
It is used to identify the user who has written the JCL.
It can be maximum of 20 characters.
Note Both A/C information and user name are positional parameters and the remaining job
card parameters are keyword parameters.
EX1: //KC03P83A JOB (487A),’JANAKI RAM’
EX2: //KC03P84& JOB (488T),’SOMISETTY’
NOTIFY
To which user id the job has to be notification after successful or unsuccessful completion.
Successful completion means MAXCC = 0 (or) 04 unsuccessful completion means MAXCC > 04.
If it is not coded,then user has to check the status of the job from the spo
Upgrade to IBM z/OS V2.4 technical actionsMarna Walle
Yes, "upgrade" is the new name for these traditional "migration" sessions! This is part one of a two-part session that will be of interest to System Programmers and their managers who are upgrading to z/OS 2.4 from either z/OS 2.2 or 2.3. It is strongly recommended that you review sessions for a complete upgrade picture.
The general availability date for z/OS V2.4 was September 30, 2019.
Top jcl interview questions and answers job interview tipsjcltutorial
You'll likely be asked difficult questions during the interview. Preparing the list of likely questions in advance will help you easily transition from question to question.
OPC is the world’s most popular standards-based data-connectivity method. It is used to answer one of the automation industry’s biggest challenges: how to communicate between devices, controllers, and/or applications without getting caught up in the usual custom driver-based connectivity problems.
The biggest headine at the 2009 Oracle OpenWorld was when Larry Ellison announced that Oracle was entering the hardware business with a pre-built database machine, engineered by Oracle. Since then businesses around the world have started to use these engineered systems. This beginner/intermediate-level session will take you through my first 100 days of starting to administer an Exadata machine and all the roadblocks and all the success I had along this new path.
he content of the exams is proprietary.[4] Cisco and its learning partners offer a variety of different training methods,[5] including books published by Cisco Press, and online and classroom courses available under the title "Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices."
A PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
2. Overview
IPL is “booting” the system
An initial program load (IPL) is the act of loading a
copy of the operating system from disk into the
processor’s real storage and executing it..
2
11. Initialization Process
Not all disks attached to a CPU have loadable code on them. A disk that
does is generally referred to as an “IPLable” disk, and more specifically
as the SYSRES volume
IPLable disks contain a bootstrap module at cylinder 0 track 0.
Once system is loaded from HMC, this bootstrap is loaded into storage
at real address zero and control is passed to it.
The bootstrap then reads the IPL control program IEAIPL00/IPLTEXT
and passes control to it. This in turn starts the more complex task of
loading the operating system and executing it.
11
12. After the bootstrap is loaded and control is passed to IEAIPL00, it
prepares an environment suitable for starting the programs and
modules that make up the operating system, as follows:
Clears central storage to zeros
Locates the SYS1.NUCLEUS data set on the SYSRES volume and loads a
series of programs from it known as IPL Resource Initialization
Modules (IRIMs).
IRIMs begin creating the normal operating system environment of
control blocks and subsystems.
12
13. IRIM Functions
Read the LOADPARM information entered on the hardware console at
the time the IPL command was executed.
IRIM will first attempt to locate LOADxx in SYS0.IPLPARM &
continues till SYS1.PARMLIB
Get the information from LOADxx including the nucleus suffix, the
master catalog name, and the suffix of the IEASYSxx member to be
used, is read from it.
Load the operating system’s nucleus & initialize virtual storage in
master scheduler address space for SQA
13
14. Initialize real storage management, including the segment table for the
master scheduler, segment table entries for common storage areas, and
the page frame table.
At last of the IRIMs then loads the first part of the Nucleus
Initialization
Program (NIP), which invokes the Resource Initialization Modules
(RIMs), one of the earliest of which starts up communications with the
NIP console defined in the IODF.
14
15. NIP Functions
Expands the SQA and the extended SQA by the amounts specified on the SQA
system parameter.
Creates the pageable link pack area (PLPA) and the extended PLPA for a cold
start IPL
Loads modules into the fixed link pack area (FLPA)
Loads modules into the modified link pack area (MLPA)
Allocates virtual storage for the common service area (CSA)
15
16. System address space creation
In addition to initializing system areas, z/OS establishes
system component address spaces. It establishes an address
space for the master scheduler and other system address
spaces for various subsystems and system components.
Some of the component address spaces are: *MASTER*,
ALLOCAS, APPC, CATALOG, and so on.
16
17. Master scheduler initialization
Master scheduler initialization routines initialize system
services such as the system log and communications task,
and start the master scheduler itself. They also cause
creation of the system address space for the job entry
subsystem (JES2 or JES3), and then start the job entry
subsystem.
17
18. Subsystem initialization
Subsystem initialization is the process of readying a
subsystem for use in the system.
IEFSSNxx members of SYS1.PARMLIB contain the
definitions for the primary subsystems such as JES2 or JES3,
and the secondary subsystems such as NetView and DB2.
18
19. Virtual Storage Layout for Multiple Address Spaces
Started Tasks
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System and
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19
20. The 31-bit address space
0
16 MB
16M
Extended
Private
ELSQA/ESWA/229/230/249
Extended User Region
Extended
Common
Common
Private
Common
Extended CSA
Extended PLPA/FLPA/MLPA
Extended SQA
Extended Nucleus
Nucleus
SQA
PLPA/FLPA/MLPA
CSA
LSQA/SWA/229/230/249
User Region
System Region
PSA
20KB
4KB
20
21. 21
IPL WTORs
If you receive the message IEA888A for the clock, enter:
=> r 00,u
If you receive the message IXCZ48E for XCF data sets, enter:
=> r 00,u
When the $HASP426 SPECIFY OPTIONS message appears, enter the following to
cold start JES2:
=> xx COLD,NOREQ
where xx is the reply ID of the console prompt.
22. IPL Types
Cold start: PLPA is reloaded and VIO is cleared. This must happen
when the contents of LPA have changed
Quick Start: PLPA is not reloaded but VIO is cleared. No changes were
made to LPA but VIO needs to be refreshed
Warm Start: PLPA and VIO are retained from before the IPL allowing
jobs to restart using journal VIO data
Note: VIO is a method of using memory to store small temporary data sets for rapid
access.
22
23. System shutdown
z/OS systems are designed to run continuously with potentially many
months between reloads
Systems are only shutdown when necessary usually for a change
Each task needs to be shut down in the correct order
Usually this is done by an automation package
The final commands to remove automation and remove connections to
other systems are performed by the operators
23