The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has issued its special report, Managing the Risks
of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance
Climate Change Adaptation.
More info at http://ipcc.ch and http://www.nytimes.com/dotearth
Introduction to child health and disaster risk reductionkatiev007
Short Introductory overview of the concepts of Disaster Risk Reduction and impacts on Child Health. From DRR and Child Health Workshop Hyderabad India May 2012. First in a series of presentations that outline how to mainstream DRR into Child Health Programmes
Lessons from past hurricane seasons
Hurricanes are dynamic laboratories for learning and catalysts for building capacity for disaster-intelligent & disaster-resilient communites. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
RUSSIA HAS MANY RIVERS THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED FLOODING Russia, the largest country in the world, and the only one surrounded by twelve seas and spread out on two continents, has many communities that are at risk from riverine flooding, flash floods, and floods from windstorms. Russia’s rivers in Europe include: the Volga, the Don, the Kama, the Oka, and the Northern Dvina. In Asia, Russia’s rivers include: the Ob, the Irtysh, the Yenisev, the Angara, the Lena, the Amur, the Yana, the Indiqirka, and the Kolyma.
PowerPoint presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Disaster risk reduction as a pillar of a national adaptation strategy: experi...NAP Events
Presented by: Carlo Arcilla
SESSION II: PLENARY – APPROACHES TO ADAPTATION IN SELECTED SECTORS
The session will set the context for approaches to adaptation by looking at: latest approaches on assessing impacts of climate change on agriculture and food security; applying disaster risk reduction as a pillar of national adaptation strategy in the Philippines; and The Hydrologic Corridor in Africa - an affordable and scalable approach to restore the water cycle and impact local climate through large scale landscape restoration, including rainwater harvesting, reforestation, soil regeneration and sustainable climate adapted agriculture.
Introduction to child health and disaster risk reductionkatiev007
Short Introductory overview of the concepts of Disaster Risk Reduction and impacts on Child Health. From DRR and Child Health Workshop Hyderabad India May 2012. First in a series of presentations that outline how to mainstream DRR into Child Health Programmes
Lessons from past hurricane seasons
Hurricanes are dynamic laboratories for learning and catalysts for building capacity for disaster-intelligent & disaster-resilient communites. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
RUSSIA HAS MANY RIVERS THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED FLOODING Russia, the largest country in the world, and the only one surrounded by twelve seas and spread out on two continents, has many communities that are at risk from riverine flooding, flash floods, and floods from windstorms. Russia’s rivers in Europe include: the Volga, the Don, the Kama, the Oka, and the Northern Dvina. In Asia, Russia’s rivers include: the Ob, the Irtysh, the Yenisev, the Angara, the Lena, the Amur, the Yana, the Indiqirka, and the Kolyma.
PowerPoint presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction
Disaster risk reduction as a pillar of a national adaptation strategy: experi...NAP Events
Presented by: Carlo Arcilla
SESSION II: PLENARY – APPROACHES TO ADAPTATION IN SELECTED SECTORS
The session will set the context for approaches to adaptation by looking at: latest approaches on assessing impacts of climate change on agriculture and food security; applying disaster risk reduction as a pillar of national adaptation strategy in the Philippines; and The Hydrologic Corridor in Africa - an affordable and scalable approach to restore the water cycle and impact local climate through large scale landscape restoration, including rainwater harvesting, reforestation, soil regeneration and sustainable climate adapted agriculture.
Solicitors Journal Spring 2012 Expert Witness Supplementowenwilliams
Article in Solicitors Journal by Owen Williams and Stephen Sykes of Ashfield Solutions considering the need for those in the legal profession to obtain impartial expert advice when dealing with potentially contaminated land.
In developing countries there is often insufficient investment in preventive measures and awareness building – when floods hit, they often result in fatalities. In the industrialized world, floods mainly cause material damage. But here, too, stronger risk awareness would lead to loss minimization.
Resilience managing the risk of natural disasterBob Prieto
Resilience: Managing the Risk of Natural Disaster considers risk management strategies, risk identification methods, and pre- and post- event activities to minimize risk. Post-event recovery is a more widely understood field, as practitioners have a plethora of lessons learned from completed projects. Pre-event planning as a means of minimizing damage and downtime is a lesser developed field, and this book organizes both literature supported data and the authors’ anecdotal experiences into a framework for disaster management, spanning pre- and post- event.
Introduction to natural hazard and disaster management Jahangir Alam
The earth indeed a hazardous planet
There are 516 active volcanoes with an eruption every 15 days (on average)
Global monitors record approximately 2000 earth tremors everyday
There are approximately 2 earthquakes per day of sufficient strength to cause damage to homes and buildings, with severe damage occurring 15 to 20 times per year.
There are 1800 thunderstorms at any given time across the earth surface; lightening strikes 100 times every second.
On average there 4 to 5 tornadoes per day or 600 1000 per year.
NATURAL HAZARDS: SOME FACTS & STATISTICS
Environmental or Natural Hazards/Disasters generally refers to geophysical events such as earthquakes, volcanoes, drought, flooding, cyclone, lightening etc., that can potentially cause large scale economic damage and physical injury or death. Environmental hazards are sometimes known as ‘Act of God.’
Risk sharing society, in such a way the disaster risk reduction is sutained. it is using a tool based on radar weather detection, which can be found also, in a professional orientation for a career. The difference is in the mindest and number of variables. The tool is called MAPS (Mobility Action Project Safety) in order to mimic Sendai Framework disaster Risk Reduction. It is a vectorial representation. Basic case, like the nuclear threat or finding yourself alone on in a storm at sea on a boat, are univariable or zero. Most complex case with more variables refer to flood, and other flood related hazards. In principle, the risk reduction strategy is to reduce the gap between MAPS and the geographical map that is representing loca features of your natural or built environment. If a person or an individualized organization members are able to anile the gap between MAPS and map, the risk exit to a threat is secure. If not, there is a need to rework the strategy, by revisiting an reviewing MAPS through lens of your organization local human and geography investigations of Strength, Weaknesses, Threats and opportunity. This tool is a personal design, which was inspired by my organization experience. It has been proven to work, effectively because it was based on a discipline of the Organisation preparedness before the predicted risk arrival time, and implementing the plan when a risk has occurred to remove the threats and reduce losses to people, lives, assets and properties.
PT ARKIPURI INTRA NASIONAL
Taman Kebon Jeruk Blok G1 No.58, Jakarta Barat 11630
p +6221 5869369 / 5869371 / f +6221 5304456 /
e jakarta@arkdesign-architects.com
www.arkdesign-architects.com
Core Logic® 2011 Natural Hazard Risk Summary And AnalysisWilco de Haan
CoreLogic 2011 Natural Hazard Risk Summary and Analysis Evaluates Financial Impact, Possible Implications of Record-Breaking Year of Natural Catastrophes
Solicitors Journal Spring 2012 Expert Witness Supplementowenwilliams
Article in Solicitors Journal by Owen Williams and Stephen Sykes of Ashfield Solutions considering the need for those in the legal profession to obtain impartial expert advice when dealing with potentially contaminated land.
In developing countries there is often insufficient investment in preventive measures and awareness building – when floods hit, they often result in fatalities. In the industrialized world, floods mainly cause material damage. But here, too, stronger risk awareness would lead to loss minimization.
Resilience managing the risk of natural disasterBob Prieto
Resilience: Managing the Risk of Natural Disaster considers risk management strategies, risk identification methods, and pre- and post- event activities to minimize risk. Post-event recovery is a more widely understood field, as practitioners have a plethora of lessons learned from completed projects. Pre-event planning as a means of minimizing damage and downtime is a lesser developed field, and this book organizes both literature supported data and the authors’ anecdotal experiences into a framework for disaster management, spanning pre- and post- event.
Introduction to natural hazard and disaster management Jahangir Alam
The earth indeed a hazardous planet
There are 516 active volcanoes with an eruption every 15 days (on average)
Global monitors record approximately 2000 earth tremors everyday
There are approximately 2 earthquakes per day of sufficient strength to cause damage to homes and buildings, with severe damage occurring 15 to 20 times per year.
There are 1800 thunderstorms at any given time across the earth surface; lightening strikes 100 times every second.
On average there 4 to 5 tornadoes per day or 600 1000 per year.
NATURAL HAZARDS: SOME FACTS & STATISTICS
Environmental or Natural Hazards/Disasters generally refers to geophysical events such as earthquakes, volcanoes, drought, flooding, cyclone, lightening etc., that can potentially cause large scale economic damage and physical injury or death. Environmental hazards are sometimes known as ‘Act of God.’
Risk sharing society, in such a way the disaster risk reduction is sutained. it is using a tool based on radar weather detection, which can be found also, in a professional orientation for a career. The difference is in the mindest and number of variables. The tool is called MAPS (Mobility Action Project Safety) in order to mimic Sendai Framework disaster Risk Reduction. It is a vectorial representation. Basic case, like the nuclear threat or finding yourself alone on in a storm at sea on a boat, are univariable or zero. Most complex case with more variables refer to flood, and other flood related hazards. In principle, the risk reduction strategy is to reduce the gap between MAPS and the geographical map that is representing loca features of your natural or built environment. If a person or an individualized organization members are able to anile the gap between MAPS and map, the risk exit to a threat is secure. If not, there is a need to rework the strategy, by revisiting an reviewing MAPS through lens of your organization local human and geography investigations of Strength, Weaknesses, Threats and opportunity. This tool is a personal design, which was inspired by my organization experience. It has been proven to work, effectively because it was based on a discipline of the Organisation preparedness before the predicted risk arrival time, and implementing the plan when a risk has occurred to remove the threats and reduce losses to people, lives, assets and properties.
PT ARKIPURI INTRA NASIONAL
Taman Kebon Jeruk Blok G1 No.58, Jakarta Barat 11630
p +6221 5869369 / 5869371 / f +6221 5304456 /
e jakarta@arkdesign-architects.com
www.arkdesign-architects.com
Core Logic® 2011 Natural Hazard Risk Summary And AnalysisWilco de Haan
CoreLogic 2011 Natural Hazard Risk Summary and Analysis Evaluates Financial Impact, Possible Implications of Record-Breaking Year of Natural Catastrophes
Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction/Climate Change Adaptation into Local De...practicalanswerssl
This presentation is on mainstreaming disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in to local development planning process and it provides a tool for development practitioners.
Presentation made at the expert meeting organised jointly by the European Commission, the OECD and the project PLACARD, in Paris 26th -28th October 2016. For more information see www.oecd.org/gov/risk/joint-expert-meeting-on-disaster-loss-data.htm
Preventing and Managing Supply Chain DisruptionsThomas Tanel
Supply chains worldwide have been battling various risks and challenges for some time. Each challenge not only threatens to disrupt operations, but also may have a negative financial impact on business performance and prevent an organization from meeting the demands from stakeholders, customers, shareholders, and regulators.
Supply Chain Council members have reported that less than half of enterprises have established metrics and procedures for assessing and managing supply risks and organizations lack sufficient market intelligence, process, and information systems to effectively predict and mitigate supply chain risks. Does this sound like your organization?
f so, supply chain disruptions can be extremely costly. A disruption in your supply chain can cost millions of dollars in lost time, energy and resources. Their effects are both direct (e.g. halting production altogether) and indirect (e.g. on stock values). Taking steps to help reduce supply chain disruption is the only way to avoid these costs.
Proactive discovery and visibility of risks is the key to the prevention and management of supply chain disruptions.
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uilding Human Resilience
he Role of Public Health Preparedness and Response As an
daptation to Climate Change
ark E. Keim, MD
bstract: Global climate change will increase the probability of extreme weather events, including
heatwaves, drought, wildfire, cyclones, and heavy precipitation that could cause floods and
landslides. Such events create significant public health needs that can exceed local capacity
to respond, resulting in excess morbidity or mortality and in the declaration of disasters.
Human vulnerability to any disaster is a complex phenomenon with social, economic,
health, and cultural dimensions. Vulnerability to natural disasters has two sides: the degree
of exposure to dangerous hazards (susceptibility) and the capacity to cope with or recover
from disaster consequences (resilience). Vulnerability reduction programs reduce suscep-
tibility and increase resilience. Susceptibility to disasters is reduced largely by prevention
and mitigation of emergencies. Emergency preparedness and response and recovery
activities—including those that address climate change—increase disaster resilience.
Because adaptation must occur at the community level, local public health agencies are
uniquely placed to build human resilience to climate-related disasters. This article discusses
the role of public health in reducing human vulnerability to climate change within the
context of select examples for emergency preparedness and response.
(Am J Prev Med 2008;35(5):508 –516) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of
Preventive Medicine.
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limate Change and Extreme Weather Events
lobal climate change will increase the probabil-
ity of extreme weather events1 (Table 1), which
may be associated either with high precipita-
ion (i.e., storms, floods, and landslides) or with low
recipitation (i.e., heat, drought, wildfire).1 These
vents often overwhelm the capacity of communities
nd local governments to respond, requiring outside
ssistance. Such mismatches between needs and re-
ources often result in declarations of disaster.
High-precipitation events, which are likely to in-
rease in frequency, will compound the risk of flood
nd landslide disasters. According to the UN Intergov-
rnmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): “Many
illions more people are projected to be flooded every
ear due to sea-level rise by the 2080s. In some areas
eatwaves are expected to increase in severity and
requency, expanding drought affected areas.”1 In low-
atitude regions, crop productivity is expected to de-
rease, thus increasing the risk for hunger, particularly
n Africa and small island developing States. “By 2020,
etween 75 and 250 million people are projected to be
xposed to an increase in water stress.”1
rom the National Center for Environmental Health, Agency for
oxic Substances and Disease Registry, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia
Address ...
January – March 2002 httppdm.medicine.wisc.edu Prehospital .docxchristiandean12115
January – March 2002 http://pdm.medicine.wisc.edu Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
SPECIAL REPORT
Abstract
The prediction of future disasters drives the priorities, urgencies, and per-
ceived adequacies of disaster management, public policy, and government
funding. Disasters always arise from some fundamental dysequilibrium
between hazards in the environment and the vulnerabilities of human com-
munities. Understanding the major factors that will tend to produce hazards
and vulnerabilities in the future plays a key role in disaster risk assessment.
The factors tending to produce hazards in the 21st Century include pop-
ulation growth, environmental degradation, infectious agents (including
biological warfare agents), hazardous materials (industrial chemicals, chem-
ical warfare agents, nuclear materials, and hazardous waste), economic
imbalance (usually within countries), and cultural tribalism. The factors
tending to generate vulnerabilities to hazardous events include population
growth, aging populations, poverty, maldistribution of populations to disas-
ter-prone areas, urbanization, marginalization of populations to informal
settlements within urban areas, and structural vulnerability.
An increasing global interconnectedness also will bring hazards and vul-
nerabilities together in unique ways to produce familiar disasters in unfa-
miliar forms and unfamiliar disasters in forms not yet imagined. Despite
concerns about novel disasters, many of the disasters common today also will
be common tomorrow.
The risk of any given disaster is modifiable through its manageability.
Effective disaster management has the potential to counter many of the fac-
tors tending to produce future hazards and vulnerabilities. Hazard mitigation
and vulnerability reduction based on a clear understanding of the complex
causal chains that comprise disasters will be critical in the complex world of
the 21st Century.
Arnold JL: Disaster medicine in the 21st Century: Future hazards, vulner-
abilities, and risks. Prehosp Disast Med 2002;17(1):3–11.
Department of Emergency Medicine,
Baystate Medical Center, Tufts University
School of Medicine, Springfield,
Massachusetts USA
Correspondence:
Jeffrey L. Arnold, MD
Department of Emergency Medicine
Baystate Medical Center
Tufts University School of Medicine
Springfield, MA 01199 USA
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: 21st Century; 9-11; aging
population; Amazon; anthrax letter
attack; anthrax; armed conflict; Bhopal;
biological warfare agent; chemical dis-
aster; chemical warfare agent;
Chenobyl; civil war; complex emer-
gency; cyclone; deforestation; disaster
medicine; Disaster; disaster-prone;
drought; earthquake; economic; El
Nino; environmental degradation;
flood; future; global warming; global-
ization; hazard; hazardous material;
hazardous waste; industrial chemical;
infectious disease; influenza; informal
settlements; interconnectedness; Iraq;
landslide; Love Canal; maldistribution;
marginalization; Minamata;.
APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNOLOGIES IN FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENTrsmahabir
Flooding is the most common of all major disasters that regularly affect populations and results in extensive damage to property, infrastructure, natural resources, and even to loss of life. To ensure better outcomes, planning and execution of flood management projects must utilize knowledge on a wide range of factors, most of which are of a spatial nature. Advances in geospatial technologies, specifically remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), have enabled the acquisition and analysis of data about the Earth's surface for flood mitigation projects in a faster, more efficient and more accurate manner.
Remote sensing and GIS have emerged as powerful tools to deal with various aspects of flood management in prevention, preparedness and relief management of flood disaster. GIS facilitates integration of spatial and non-spatial data such as rainfall and stream flows, river cross sections and profiles, and river basin characteristics, as well as other information such as historical flood maps, infrastructures, land use, and social and economic data. Such data sets are critical for the in-depth analysis and management of floods.
Remote sensing technologies have great potential in overcoming the information void in the Caribbean region. The observation, mapping, and representation of Earth’s surface have provided effective and timely information for monitoring floods and their effect. The potential of new air- and space-borne imaging technologies for improving hazard evaluation and risk reduction is continually being explored. They are relatively inexpensive and have the ability to provide information on several parameters that are crucial to flood mapping and monitoring.
What is disaster?
A disaster is a serious problem occurring over a short or long period of time that causes widespread human, material, economic or environmental loss which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. Developing countries suffer the greatest costs when a disaster hits – more than 95% of all deaths caused by hazards occur in developing countries, and losses due to natural hazards are 20 times greater (as a percentage of GDP) in developing countries than in industrialized countries.
The word disaster is derived from Middle French désastre and that from Old Italian disastro, which in turn comes from the Ancient Greek pejorative prefix δυσ-, (dus-) "bad"and ἀστήρ (aster), "star".The root of the word disaster ("bad star" in Greek) comes from an astrological sense of a calamity blamed on the position of planets.
Disasters are routinely divided into natural or human-made, although complex disasters, where there is no single root cause, are more common in developing countries. A specific disaster may spawn a secondary disaster that increases the impact. A classic example is an earthquake that causes a tsunami, resulting in coastal flooding. Some manufactured disasters have been ascribed to nature such as smog and acid rain.
Some researchers also differentiate between recurring events such as seasonal flooding, and those considered unpredictable.
2. Natural disasters
A natural disaster is a natural process or phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.
Various phenomena like earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards, tsunamis, cyclones, wildfires, and pandemics are all natural hazards that kill thousands of people and destroy billions of dollars of habitat and property each year.[10] However, the rapid growth of the world's population and its increased concentration often in hazardous environments has escalated both the frequency and severity of disasters. With the tropical climate and unstable landforms, coupled with deforestation, unplanned growth proliferation, non-engineered constructions make the disaster-prone areas more vulnerable. Developing countries suffer more or less chronically from natural disasters due to ineffective communication combined with insufficient budgetary allocation for disaster prevention and management.
A natural disaster is a natural process or phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.
Various phenomena like earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards, tsunamis, cyclones, wildfires, and pandemics are all natural hazards that kill thousands of people and destroy billions of dollars of habitat and property
1: Strong Public Private Partnerships
2: Resilience in the Built Environment
3: Risk‐sensitive Investments and Accounting
4: Positive Cycle of Reinforcement for a Resilient Society
5: Private Sector Risk Disclosure
Similar to IPCC Report on Extreme Weather in Warming World (20)
Andrew Revkin's 1994 profile of the masterful luthier Linda Manzer. Blending spruce, sweat and sawdust, Linda Manzer builds guitars that
dazzle.
Photos by Peter Sibbald https://petersibbald.visura.co
Linda Manzer:
https://manzer.com
Andy Revkin:
http://j.mp/revkinlinks
In 1985, my editor, Scott DeGarmo, asked me to write a cover story on the future of the automobile - when the future was the Ford Taurus. It's now kind of a museum artifact and I hope you enjoy it and offer feedback.
This is the core of a webinar Andy Revkin conducted with folks at Columbia Climate School to explore how scientists, scholars and others seeking to craft a better human journey can make the most of Twitter even as Elon Musk's purchase disrupts things. We also talked about alternatives, none of which Revkin sees as remotely competing with the capacities Twitter offers for a long time. (It took a decade of relentless programming, regulatory and other work to build the Twitter we know.)
Subscribe to Revkin's Sustain What newsletter and webcasts to engage and drive the conversation further:
https://revkin.substack.com/subscribe #socialmedia #sustainability #climate
This is a fantastic case study and overview showing how businesses can prepare for the hazards around them to cut the scope of impacts - preventing a natural hazard from becoming an unnatural disaster.
It centers on the experience and work of Parsons Manufacturing, a company that suffered a direct hit from an EF-4 tornado in 2004 but avoided any deaths.
Learn more at the company website:
https://www.parsonscompany.com/about/
A #COP26 presentation by Zainab Usman of Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Katie Auth of Energy for Development, building on this paper: September 28, 2021
REFRAMING CLIMATE JUSTICE FOR DEVELOPMENT: SIX PRINCIPLES FOR SUPPORTING INCLUSIVE AND EQUITABLE ENERGY TRANSITIONS IN LOW-EMITTING ENERGY-POOR AFRICAN COUNTRIES
By Mimi Alemayehou, Katie Auth, Murefu Barasa, Morgan Bazilian, Brad Handler, Uzo Iweala, Todd Moss, Rose Mutiso, Zainab Usman
Advancing inclusive and equitable energy transitions is one of this century’s most vital global challenges, and one in which development finance will play a crucial role. References to justice and equity are widespread in international climate policy, and are increasingly being used by development organizations to guide their own work, including support for energy transitions.
But prevailing definitions of climate justice rarely fully capture the priorities, challenges and perspectives of low-emitting energy-poor countries, the vast majority of which are in sub-Saharan Africa. When applied to development policy, this gap risks prioritizing near-term emissions reductions over broader support for economic development and energy transformation, with comparatively little climate benefit. This could severely hinder poverty alleviation, development, and climate resilience — the very opposite of justice. We need energy transitions that are truly ‘just and inclusive.’ What does this mean for development funders and financiers, and how should it drive their approach to supporting energy transitions in the lowest-income countries?
Rene Dubos was a masterful biologist, Pulitzer-winning essayist and humanist. Read the story behind this essay in Andy Revkin's homage to Dubos here: http://j.mp/despairingoptimist
This is a summary of the three-week international survey of the vaquita refuge in heavily fished waters of the northern Gulf of California of the coast of Mexico's Baja California state. It shows what can be accomplished with a fresh effort in the fall of 2021.
The expedition included scientists and conservationists from Mexico, the United States and Canada.
This chapter on climate change as news, by Andrew Revkin is from "Climate Change: What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our Grandchildren" - edited by Joseph F. C. DiMento and Pamela Doughman
MIT Press 2007, updated edition, 2014
https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=xsxkAlEAAAAJ&citation_for_view=xsxkAlEAAAAJ:edDO8Oi4QzsC
Alice Bell's new book on the history of climate change knowledge and inaction is fantastic. Some have missed what is NOT in the CIA's 1974 assessment of climate change and security risk. There's no mention of global warming from carbon dioxide. Here's a Guardian excerpt from Alice's book: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jul/05/sixty-years-of-climate-change-warnings-the-signs-that-were-missed-and-ignored
Here's the original CIA document without text recognition: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=725433
A deep early look at how supercomputer security became a prime concern of the Reagan administration - with climate science in the mix.
More context in Andrew Revkin's prize-winning March 1985 Science Digest article on nuclear winter:
https://www.slideshare.net/Revkin/hard-facts-about-nuclear-winter-1985
And Revkin's investigative report on the vanishing of Vladimir Alexandrov, a high-profile Soviet atmospheric scientist who'd become a fan of American cars and cuisine while visiting NCAR, a mountainside supercomputer lab in Colorado:
http://j.mp/alexandrovmissing
Here are emails showing exchanges between Dr. Will Happer, a senior Trump Administration science and security adviser, and the Heartland Institute -- which has long sought to cast doubt on the enormous body of science pointing to rising dangers from human emissions of climate-warming gases.
The emails were released under a Freedom of Information Act request by the Environmental Defense Fund: http://blogs.edf.org/climate411/files/2019/03/Climate-Review-FOIA-CEQ.pdf
Here's an Associated Press story:
https://www.apnews.com/4ec9affd55a345d582a4cc810686137e
EDF provided this copy to Andrew Revkin.
Here's an excerpt from a 2017 interview Revkin did with Happer for ProPublica: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSpL5dziylo
A Physicist and Possible Adviser to Trump Describes His Love of Science, and CO2
https://www.propublica.org/article/a-physicist-and-possible-adviser-to-trump-describes-his-love-of-science-co2
More on Happer in National Geographic:
Does the U.S. need a ‘presidential climate security committee’?
A Trump adviser who sees rising CO2 as a good thing wants a panel to review government findings that climate change is a security threat.... https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/02/trump-presidential-climate-security-committee/
This was the document leaked to the press this week ahead of a White House meeting assessing whether President Trump should create a committee to assess conclusions about links between global warming and national security.
Some Globo coverage in 1990 from the trial of the Alves family members and associates charged with the assassination of Chico Mendes in December 1988, including an interview with Andrew Revkin, who'd just published The Burning Season, a book chronicling Mendes's life, death and legacy. More: http://bit.ly/revkinmendes
An Island Magazine feature by Andy Revkin provided an intimate look at changes in a Polynesian family and village as modern life intruded in the 1980s.
This cover story on climate change by Andrew Revkin was published in Discover Magazine in October, 1988. For more on the article visit this Dot Earth post: 1988-2008: Climate Then and Now http://nyti.ms/WIvLbH via @dotearth
Make sure to click to the last page, which was the back-cover advertisement that month - for cigarettes.
Shows things can change, sometimes slowly.
And read Andy's reflection on lessons learned in 30 years of climate coverage:
http://j.mp/revkin30yearsclimate
Enhancing LPG Use During Pregnancya collaboration between KEM Health Research Center, Sri Ramachanda University, and University of California, Berkeley
An explanatory presentation provided to ProPublica.org
Lewis Reznik, who spent his adult life as a dentist in Westchester County, New York, had a very different adolescence - on the run between Nazis and Russian troops in Poland as the Holocaust unfolded. This is is remarkable memoir. Lew died in 2013.
I edited the manuscript and helped Lew publish the book.
Please purchase a copy at j.mp/boysholocaust
Share and discuss the book on Facebook: j.mp/boysholocaustFB
Context:
"Royal Dutch Shell in Nigeria: Where Do Responsibilities End?" Journal of Business Ethics, 2015
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-014-2142-7
Shell's plans for Nigeria (SPDC subsidiary), 2013: http://www.shell.com/media/news-and-media-releases/2013/spdc-sets-out-its-future-intent-for-nigeria.html
Business & Human Rights Resource Center on two landmark lawsuits:
https://business-humanrights.org/en/shell-lawsuit-re-nigeria-kiobel-wiwa
More from Earth Institute of Columbia University (20)
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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5. Socioeconomic development interacts with natural
climate variations and human-caused climate change
to influence disaster risk
Disaster Risk: Vulnerability:
the likelihood of severe the predisposition of a
alterations in the normal person or group to be
functioning of a adversely affected
community or society due
to weather or climate
events interacting with
vulnerable social
conditions
5
7. Increasing vulnerability, exposure, or severity and
frequency of climate events increases disaster risk
Disaster risk management and climate change adaptation can influence the
degree to which extreme events translate into impacts and disasters
7
8. For exposed and vulnerable communities, even
non-extreme weather and climate events can
have extreme impacts
Africa’s largest
recorded cholera
outbreak
over 90,000 affected
over 4,000 killed Looking for a good example here.
began following onset
of seasonal rains
vulnerability
and exposure
increased risk Case Study: Zimbabwe
2008
8
9. Impacts of climate extremes can be felt locally or regionally
AGRICULTURE “Russia, Crippled by Drought, Bans Grain Exports”
August 5, 2010, The New York Times
ENERGY “Heatwave hits French power production”
August 12, 2003, The Guardian
“Lake Mead is at Record Low Levels. Is the Southwest
WATER
drying up?”’ August 08, 2010, The Independent
“Pakistan floods: Aid trickles in for victims as cholera
PUBLIC HEALTH
spreads in Pakistan’s worst-ever floods”
August 14, 2010, The Guardian/Observer
TOURISM “Alpine resorts feel heat during record warm spell”
December 08, 2006, CNN
TRANSPORTATION “Flash flooding causes train to derail”
July 30, 2001, Chicago Sun Times
9
10. Economic losses from climate-related disasters have
increased, with large spatial and interannual variations
10
11. Increasing exposure of people and assets has been
the major cause of changes in disaster losses
Pakistan floods, 2010
6 million left homeless
11
13. Fatalities are higher in developing countries
From 1970-2008, over 95% of natural-disaster-related deaths occurred in
developing countries
13
14. Both developed and developing countries experience
disasters
Case Study: Melbourne, Australia Case Study: Mongolia
February, 2009 2009 – 2010
Heat wave and wildfires Dzuds
(extremely snowy winters with
conditions leading to livestock loss)
14
15. Since 1950, extreme hot days and heavy precipitation
have become more common
There is evidence that anthropogenic influences, including increasing atmospheric
greenhouse gas concentrations, have changed these extremes
15
16. Climate models project more frequent hot days
throughout the 21st century
In many regions, the time between “20-year” (unusually)
warm days will decrease
16
17. Climate models project there will be more heavy rain
events throughout the 21st century
In many regions, the time between “20-year” (unusually
intense) rainstorms will decrease
17
18. Information on vulnerability, exposure, and changing
climate extremes can together inform adaptation and
disaster risk management poverty reduction
better education and awareness
sustainable development
improved forecasting for warning
systems
reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions
asset relocation
weather-proofing assets
early warning systems
18
19. Short-term actions don’t always provide long term risk
reduction
Permafrost thaw
permafrost requires sub
zero temperatures
melt affects roads, building
foundations, airport
infrastructure
infrastructure maintenance
needed
short-term risk reduction
won’t eliminate long-term
Case Study: Northern Canada melt risk
19
20. Effective risk management and adaptation are tailored
to local and regional needs and circumstances
changes in climate
extremes vary across
regions
each region has unique
vulnerabilities and exposure
to hazards
effective risk management
and adaptation address the
factors contributing to
exposure and vulnerability
20
21. Managing the risks: heat waves in Europe
Risk Factors Risk Management/
Adaptation
lack of access cooling in public
to cooling facilities
age warning systems
pre-existing social care
health problems networks
poverty and urban
isolation green space
infrastructure France, August 2003 (over 14,000 dead) changes in urban
infrastructure
Projected: likely increase heat wave frequency and very likely increase
in warm days and nights across Europe
21
22. Managing the risks: hurricanes in the USA
and Caribbean
Risk Factors Risk Management/
Adaptation
population better forecasting
growth
warning systems
increasing
property value stricter
building codes
higher storm
surge with sea regional risk
level rise pooling
Hurricane Katrina, 2005
Projected globally: likely increase in average maximum wind speed
and associated heavy rainfall (although not in all regions)
22
23. Managing the risks: flash floods in Nairobi, Kenya
Risk Factors Risk Management/
Adaptation
rapid growth reduce poverty
of informal
settlements strengthen
buildings
weak building
construction improve drainage
and sewage
settlements built
near rivers and early warning
systems
blocked drainage
areas
Nairobi, Kenya
Projected: likely increase in heavy precipitation in East Africa
23
24. Managing the risks: sea level rise in tropical
Small Island Developing States
Risk Factors Risk Management/
Adaptation
shore erosion early
warning systems
saltwater
intrusion maintenance of
drainage
coastal
populations regional
risk pooling
tourism
economies relocation
Projected globally: very likely contribution of sea level rise to extreme
coastal high water levels (such as storm surges)
24
25. Managing the risks: drought in the context of food
security in West Africa
Risk Factors Risk Management/
Adaptation
more improved water
variable rain management
population growth sustainable
farming practice
ecosystem
degradation drought-resistant
crops
poor health and
education systems drought
forecasting
Projected: low confidence in drought projections for West Africa
25
26. Managing risks of disasters in a changing climate
benefits from an iterative process
Monitoring
Innovation Evaluation
Learning
Learning-by-doing and low-regrets actions can help reduce risks
now and also promote future adaptation
26
27. There are strategies that can help manage disaster
risk now and also help improve people’s livelihoods
and well-being
The most effective strategies offer development benefits in the relatively near
term and reduce vulnerability over the longer term
27