iOS is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. that runs on Apple devices like iPhones and iPads. It is the second most popular mobile OS in the world after Android. iOS apps are programmed using languages like Objective C, C, and C++ and can be downloaded from the Apple App Store. iOS uses a layered architecture with a core OS layer, core services layer, and media layer. The core services layer provides technologies for things like iCloud storage, while the media layer enables graphics, audio, and video. iOS applications are contained within .ipa files that can be installed on iOS devices but not iOS simulators, which allow testing apps on Mac computers without real devices.

1. Mobile Programming Date: 28 April 2020
University of Duhok,
Computer Science Dept.
By
Jawaher A.Fadhil
B.SC in Electronics Engineering
M.Tech in Computer Engineering
2019-2020
iOS Operating System
1

2. What is iOS?
• iOS is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc.
• It is the second most popular mobile device in the world after
Android.
• The iOS mobile apps can be downloaded from Apple’s App
Store.
2

3. What is iOS?
• The iOS apps are programmed in Objective C, C, and C++
languages. Version updates for iOS are released through
iTunes software until the introduction of iOS 5 in 2011.
Now, the software updates and data sync can happen
wirelessly through Apple iCloud service.
• iOS has expanded its market by introducing new products
powered by Apple like iWatch and AppleTV.
AppleTViWatch
3

4. iTunes is a media player, media
library, Internet radio broadcaster,
mobile device management utility, and
the client app for iTunes Store,
developed by Apple Inc.
iCloud is a cloud storage and cloud
computing service from Apple
Inc. iCloud enables users to store data
such as documents, photos, and music
on remote servers for download to iOS,
macOS or Windows devices, to share
and send data to other users, and to
manage their Apple devices if lost or
stolen
iTunes9 for Mac
iCloud
4

5. iOS Architecture
iOS Architecture is also a layered one. Each layer is built with a
variety of frameworks which can be assimilated in the iOS apps.
5

6. iOS Architecture
1. Core OS- This layer is the foundation layer of the OS on which
other layers are dependent. This layer is responsible for
managing memory, system and OS tasks, networking and also
interacts directly with the hardware.
6

7. iOS Architecture
2. Core Services Layer- It consists of technologies that provide
certain services to the app. It contains high-level features like
iCloud storage. The core services include
• address book framework(provides access to contacts and user
database).
• Core Data (to manage the data model of a model view
controller app).
• Core Foundation( Technologies to provide Data management
services to IOS)
• Foundation(Using Objective C)
7

8. iOS Architecture
3. Media Layer- Media layer in iOS architecture enables
the Graphics, Audio, Video technologies.
4. Cocoa Touch Layer– The layer defines the basic application
and support for key technologies such as multitasking, touch-
based input, push notifications, and many high-level system
services. It includes EventKit, GameKit, iAd, MapKit, PushKit,
Twitter and UIKit frameworks.
8

9. Concepts of .ipa file and simulators
• IPA stands for iOS App Store Package. Any file
with .ipa extension is an iOS application. It is an
archive like ZIP that contains software sets used
to develop the iOS app.
• Each .ipk file can be opened with Apple’s iTunes
program. An IPA file has a binary for ARM
architecture and can only be installed on an iOS
device.
• IPA files cannot be installed on the iPhone
Simulator. To run applications on the simulator,
original project files which can be opened using
the Xcode SDK are required.
9

10. iOS Simulators
These are again programs to test and run the iOS applications
without having any physical or the ‘real’ device. The iOS
Simulator allows you to rapidly prototype and test builds of
your app during the development process. Installed as part of
the Xcode tools along with the iOS SDK, iOS Simulator runs on
Mac and behaves like a standard Mac app while simulating an
iPhone or the iPad environment. iOS simulators require MAC
Environment and Xcode to function.
Xcode11
10

11. 11