The document provides information on different measurement systems and tools used for measurement. It discusses the two primary systems - the US Customary system and the metric system. The metric system is based on powers of 10 and is used globally, while the US Customary system uses various unrelated units. The document then describes various tools for measuring length, volume, weight, and other quantities like rulers, tape measures, calipers, micrometers, gauges, and indicators.

1. IntroductionIntroduction
toto
MeasuremenMeasuremen
tt

2. ExplorationExploration
 During the ancientDuring the ancient
times, antimes, an
EgyptianEgyptian
carpenter nevercarpenter never
misplaced hismisplaced his
ruler because itruler because it
was attached towas attached to
his body.his body.

9. What you need to knowWhat you need to know
 First things first, you need toFirst things first, you need to
understand the basicsunderstand the basics
 There are two systems ofThere are two systems of
measurementmeasurement
 US/Customary System which we useUS/Customary System which we use
herehere
 Then there is the metric system whichThen there is the metric system which
is used all over the worldis used all over the world

10. Measurement SystemsMeasurement Systems
Two types of measurement systems.Two types of measurement systems.
Standard (Customary)
Based on Whole Numbers and Fractional
part
Metric (International System)
Based on the number 10 (Power of 10)

11. BackgroundBackground
InformationInformation
 AllAll countries have adopted the metriccountries have adopted the metric
system, including the United States.system, including the United States.
However, in nearly all countries peopleHowever, in nearly all countries people
still usestill use traditional unitstraditional units..
 For a country to switch to metric is aFor a country to switch to metric is a
process that happens over time. Only 3process that happens over time. Only 3
countries in the world, havecountries in the world, have not officiallynot officially
adopted metric as their primary systemadopted metric as their primary system
of measuring.of measuring.

12. BackgroundBackground
InformationInformation
Three countries have not officially adopted the International System of Units
as their primary or sole system of measurement: Liberia, Myanmar, and the
United States.
United States
Myanmar
(formly known
as Burma)
Liberia (Settled by
free-men and former
enslaved blacks after
America’s Civil war.

13. Measurement BasicsMeasurement Basics
 Length: is the distance of somethingLength: is the distance of something
measuredmeasured
 Volume/Capacity: how much somethingVolume/Capacity: how much something
can hold ( generally liquid)can hold ( generally liquid)
 Weight: how much something weighsWeight: how much something weighs
 Mass: how much space something takesMass: how much space something takes
upup

14. US/Customary SystemUS/Customary System
 The US/Customary system hasThe US/Customary system has
many different units of measurementmany different units of measurement
 Each unit has a completely differentEach unit has a completely different
namename
 They also have completely differentThey also have completely different
conversion factorsconversion factors

15. Metric SystemMetric System
The metric system hasThe metric system has
base unit and manybase unit and many
different prefixesdifferent prefixes

16. Metric Units ofMetric Units of
MeasurementMeasurement
 Meters: Measures lengthMeters: Measures length
 Liters: Measures volume or capacityLiters: Measures volume or capacity
 Grams: measures weight/massGrams: measures weight/mass

17. Units of MeasurementUnits of Measurement
VolumeVolume
 US SystemUS System
 CupsCups
 PintsPints
 QuartsQuarts
 GallonsGallons
 Fluid OuncesFluid Ounces
 Metric SystemMetric System
 LitersLiters

18. Units of MeasurementUnits of Measurement
LengthLength
 US SystemUS System
 InchesInches
 FeetFeet
 YardsYards
 MilesMiles
 MetricMetric
 MetersMeters

19. Units of MeasurementUnits of Measurement
Weight/MassWeight/Mass
 US SystemUS System
 OunceOunce
 PoundPound
 TonsTons
 MetricMetric
 GramGram

20. Metric System PrefixesMetric System Prefixes
 Mili- 1/1000, which means thatMili- 1/1000, which means that
1000mm=1m1000mm=1m
 Centi- 1/100, which means thatCenti- 1/100, which means that
100cg=1g100cg=1g
 Deci- 1/10, which means that 10dl=1lDeci- 1/10, which means that 10dl=1l
 Deka- 10, which means that 1dkm=10mDeka- 10, which means that 1dkm=10m
 Hecto- 100, which means that 1hg=100gHecto- 100, which means that 1hg=100g
 Kilo- 1000, which means that 1kl=1000lKilo- 1000, which means that 1kl=1000l

21. Partial List of EnglishPartial List of English
measures about 1500measures about 1500
ECEECE
 12 inches12 inches = 1 foot= 1 foot
 3 feet3 feet = 1 yard= 1 yard
 5 feet5 feet = 1 pace= 1 pace
 125 paces125 paces = 1 furlong= 1 furlong
 8 furlongs8 furlongs = 1 mile= 1 mile
 12 furlongs12 furlongs = 1 league= 1 league

22. Why Learn toWhy Learn to
Measure?Measure?
Valuable skill for a
job
Valuable skill for hobbies
Valuable skill for everyday life

23. BackgroundBackground
InformationInformation
 Devices that can be used to measure.Devices that can be used to measure.
 RulerRuler
 Yard StickYard Stick
 Meter StickMeter Stick
 Tape MeasureTape Measure
 ProtractorProtractor
 Framing SquareFraming Square
 Architect and Engineering ScalesArchitect and Engineering Scales

24. ExampleExample
ss

26. CalipersCalipers
 CalipersCalipers. Engineers and machinists. Engineers and machinists
frequently use calipers to securefrequently use calipers to secure
accurate measurements of insideaccurate measurements of inside
and outside diameters.and outside diameters.

28. Feeler GaugesFeeler Gauges
 Measure spark plug gapMeasure spark plug gap
 Head flatnessHead flatness
 Thrust distance in CrankshaftThrust distance in Crankshaft
 Ignition point gap (Old Vehicles)Ignition point gap (Old Vehicles)

32. Micrometer IDMicrometer ID

35. MicrometersMicrometers
 Micrometers precisely measureMicrometers precisely measure
different shapes of a componentdifferent shapes of a component
 Outside micrometersOutside micrometers
 Resembles a clamp to measure linearResembles a clamp to measure linear
distancesdistances
 Proper use requires practice and studyingProper use requires practice and studying
the markings of the instrumentthe markings of the instrument

36. Telescopic GaugesTelescopic Gauges
 Used with outside micrometers toUsed with outside micrometers to
measure inside diametersmeasure inside diameters
 Various lengths and T-shapedVarious lengths and T-shaped
 Extensions are spring-loadedExtensions are spring-loaded

37. Telescoping gagesTelescoping gages

38. Inside MicrometersInside Micrometers

39. Depth MicrometersDepth Micrometers

40. Small Hole GaugesSmall Hole Gauges
 To measure small holesTo measure small holes
 Gauge is straight with a screw handle onGauge is straight with a screw handle on
one end and a split ball on otherone end and a split ball on other
 Handle is turned to expand ballHandle is turned to expand ball
 Removed and measured with a micrometerRemoved and measured with a micrometer

41. Small Hole GaugesSmall Hole Gauges

42. Dial IndicatorsDial Indicators
 Dial CalipersDial Calipers
 For inside, outside, and depthFor inside, outside, and depth
measurementsmeasurements
 Manual scales or digitalManual scales or digital
 USC can measure in 0.001 inch incrementsUSC can measure in 0.001 inch increments
 Metric can measure in 2-millimeterMetric can measure in 2-millimeter
incrementsincrements

43. Dial IndicatorsDial Indicators
 Dial IndicatorsDial Indicators
 To check how far components can moveTo check how far components can move
 Scale can be USC or metricScale can be USC or metric
 Face can be balanced or continuousFace can be balanced or continuous
 To check runout or end playTo check runout or end play

45. Pressure and VacuumPressure and Vacuum
MeasurementsMeasurements
 Pressure GaugesPressure Gauges
 Measure amount of pressure applied to aMeasure amount of pressure applied to a
closed, sealed systemclosed, sealed system
 Fitted into pressure line with appropriateFitted into pressure line with appropriate
fittingsfittings

46. Pressure and VacuumPressure and Vacuum
MeasurementsMeasurements
 Vacuum GaugesVacuum Gauges
 Mechanical gauge measures differenceMechanical gauge measures difference
between atmospheric pressure and currentbetween atmospheric pressure and current
state of systemstate of system