this power point presentation provides a brief introduction to image processing and pattern recognition and its related research papers including conclusion
This document discusses object detection using the Single Shot Detector (SSD) algorithm with the MobileNet V1 architecture. It begins with an introduction to object detection and a literature review of common techniques. It then describes the basic architecture of convolutional neural networks and how they are used for feature extraction in SSD. The SSD framework uses multi-scale feature maps for detection and convolutional predictors. MobileNet V1 reduces model size and complexity through depthwise separable convolutions. This allows SSD with MobileNet V1 to perform real-time object detection with reduced parameters and computations compared to other models.
Presentation for the Berlin Computer Vision Group, December 2020 on deep learning methods for image segmentation: Instance segmentation, semantic segmentation, and panoptic segmentation.
This document presents information on face detection techniques. It discusses image segmentation as a preprocessing step for face detection. Some common segmentation methods are thresholding, edge-based segmentation, and region-based segmentation. Face detection can be classified as implicit/pattern-based or explicit/knowledge-based. Implicit methods use techniques like templates, PCA, LDA, and neural networks, while explicit methods exploit cues like color, motion, and facial features. One method discussed is human skin color-based face detection, which filters for skin-colored regions and finds facial parts within those regions. Advantages include speed and independence from training data, while disadvantages include sensitivity to lighting and accessories.
Detection and recognition of face using neural networkSmriti Tikoo
This document describes research on face detection and recognition using neural networks. It discusses using the Viola-Jones algorithm for face detection and a backpropagation neural network for face recognition. The Viola-Jones algorithm uses haar features, integral images, AdaBoost training, and cascading classifiers for real-time face detection. A backpropagation network with sigmoid activation functions is trained on facial images for recognition. Results show the network can accurately recognize faces after training. The document concludes the approach allows face recognition from an input image and discusses limitations and potential improvements.
The presentation is made on CNN's which is explained using the image classification problem, the presentation was prepared in perspective of understanding computer vision and its applications. I tried to explain the CNN in the most simple way possible as for my understanding. This presentation helps the beginners of CNN to have a brief idea about the architecture and different layers in the architecture of CNN with the example. Please do refer the references in the last slide for a better idea on working of CNN. In this presentation, I have also discussed the different types of CNN(not all) and the applications of Computer Vision.
The document describes a vehicle detection system using a fully convolutional regression network (FCRN). The FCRN is trained on patches from aerial images to predict a density map indicating vehicle locations. The proposed system is evaluated on two public datasets and achieves higher precision and recall than comparative shallow and deep learning methods for vehicle detection in aerial images. The system could help with applications like urban planning and traffic management.
This document provides an overview of digital image processing. It defines what an image is, noting that an image is a spatial representation of a scene represented as an array of pixels. Digital image processing refers to processing digital images on a computer. The key steps in digital image processing are image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, compression, morphological processing, segmentation, representation, and recognition. Digital image processing has many applications including medical imaging, traffic monitoring, biometrics, and computer vision.
COM2304: Introduction to Computer Vision & Image Processing Hemantha Kulathilake
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to;
Describe image.
Describe digital image processing and computer vision.
Compare and Contrast image processing and computer vision.
Describe image sources.
Identify the array of imaging application under the EM Image source.
Describe the components of Image processing system and computer vision system.
This document discusses object detection using the Single Shot Detector (SSD) algorithm with the MobileNet V1 architecture. It begins with an introduction to object detection and a literature review of common techniques. It then describes the basic architecture of convolutional neural networks and how they are used for feature extraction in SSD. The SSD framework uses multi-scale feature maps for detection and convolutional predictors. MobileNet V1 reduces model size and complexity through depthwise separable convolutions. This allows SSD with MobileNet V1 to perform real-time object detection with reduced parameters and computations compared to other models.
Presentation for the Berlin Computer Vision Group, December 2020 on deep learning methods for image segmentation: Instance segmentation, semantic segmentation, and panoptic segmentation.
This document presents information on face detection techniques. It discusses image segmentation as a preprocessing step for face detection. Some common segmentation methods are thresholding, edge-based segmentation, and region-based segmentation. Face detection can be classified as implicit/pattern-based or explicit/knowledge-based. Implicit methods use techniques like templates, PCA, LDA, and neural networks, while explicit methods exploit cues like color, motion, and facial features. One method discussed is human skin color-based face detection, which filters for skin-colored regions and finds facial parts within those regions. Advantages include speed and independence from training data, while disadvantages include sensitivity to lighting and accessories.
Detection and recognition of face using neural networkSmriti Tikoo
This document describes research on face detection and recognition using neural networks. It discusses using the Viola-Jones algorithm for face detection and a backpropagation neural network for face recognition. The Viola-Jones algorithm uses haar features, integral images, AdaBoost training, and cascading classifiers for real-time face detection. A backpropagation network with sigmoid activation functions is trained on facial images for recognition. Results show the network can accurately recognize faces after training. The document concludes the approach allows face recognition from an input image and discusses limitations and potential improvements.
The presentation is made on CNN's which is explained using the image classification problem, the presentation was prepared in perspective of understanding computer vision and its applications. I tried to explain the CNN in the most simple way possible as for my understanding. This presentation helps the beginners of CNN to have a brief idea about the architecture and different layers in the architecture of CNN with the example. Please do refer the references in the last slide for a better idea on working of CNN. In this presentation, I have also discussed the different types of CNN(not all) and the applications of Computer Vision.
The document describes a vehicle detection system using a fully convolutional regression network (FCRN). The FCRN is trained on patches from aerial images to predict a density map indicating vehicle locations. The proposed system is evaluated on two public datasets and achieves higher precision and recall than comparative shallow and deep learning methods for vehicle detection in aerial images. The system could help with applications like urban planning and traffic management.
This document provides an overview of digital image processing. It defines what an image is, noting that an image is a spatial representation of a scene represented as an array of pixels. Digital image processing refers to processing digital images on a computer. The key steps in digital image processing are image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, compression, morphological processing, segmentation, representation, and recognition. Digital image processing has many applications including medical imaging, traffic monitoring, biometrics, and computer vision.
COM2304: Introduction to Computer Vision & Image Processing Hemantha Kulathilake
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to;
Describe image.
Describe digital image processing and computer vision.
Compare and Contrast image processing and computer vision.
Describe image sources.
Identify the array of imaging application under the EM Image source.
Describe the components of Image processing system and computer vision system.
image classification is a common problem in Artificial Intelligence , we used CIFR10 data set and tried a lot of methods to reach a high test accuracy like neural networks and Transfer learning techniques .
you can view the source code and the papers we read on github : https://github.com/Asma-Hawari/Machine-Learning-Project-
The document discusses human action recognition using spatio-temporal features. It proposes using optical flow and shape-based features to form motion descriptors, which are then classified using Adaboost. Targets are localized using background subtraction. Optical flows within localized regions are organized into a histogram to describe motion. Differential shape information is also captured. The descriptors are used to train a strong classifier with Adaboost that can recognize actions in testing videos.
This document discusses image segmentation techniques. It describes how segmentation partitions an image into meaningful regions based on discontinuities or similarities in pixel intensity. The key methods covered are thresholding, edge detection using gradient and Laplacian operators, and the Hough transform for global line detection. Adaptive thresholding is also introduced as a technique to handle uneven illumination.
Image registration is a process that aligns pixels in two images to correspond to the same point in a scene. It allows images to be combined or focused in a way that improves information extraction. Some applications of image registration include stereo imaging, remote sensing, comparing images over time, and finding where a template matches an image. Template matching is used to find the best match between a template and image by measuring similarity or mismatch between them. Cross-correlation is commonly used as a similarity measure for template matching.
This document discusses research on human action recognition using skeleton data. It introduces issues with skeleton-based action recognition, such as variable scales, view orientations, noise and rate/intra-action variations. It then reviews previous work on skeleton-based action recognition using hand-crafted features and deep learning models. The document proposes two ensemble deep learning models called Ensemble TS-LSTM v1 and v2 that use temporal sliding LSTMs to capture short, medium and long-term dependencies from skeleton sequences for action recognition. Experimental results on standard datasets demonstrate the models outperform previous methods.
its very useful for students.
Sharpening process in spatial domain
Direct Manipulation of image Pixels.
The objective of Sharpening is to highlight transitions in intensity
The image blurring is accomplished by pixel averaging in a neighborhood.
Since averaging is analogous to integration.
Prepared by
M. Sahaya Pretha
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
MS University, Tirunelveli Dist, Tamilnadu.
This document provides an overview of facial recognition technology. It discusses the history of facial recognition, how the technology works by detecting nodal points on faces and creating faceprints for identification. It also covers implementations, comparing images to templates to verify or identify individuals, and applications in security and surveillance. Strengths are its non-invasive nature, but it can be impacted by changes in appearance.
This document provides a 3 sentence summary of a lecture on image enhancement through histogram specification. The lecture discusses performing histogram equalization on an input image to match the histogram of a target image through mapping the pixel values. Any questions about histogram specification or equalization are welcome at the end.
This document provides an overview of a course on computer vision called CSCI 455: Intro to Computer Vision. It acknowledges that many of the course slides were modified from other similar computer vision courses. The course will cover topics like image filtering, projective geometry, stereo vision, structure from motion, face detection, object recognition, and convolutional neural networks. It highlights current applications of computer vision like biometrics, mobile apps, self-driving cars, medical imaging, and more. The document discusses challenges in computer vision like viewpoint and illumination variations, occlusion, and local ambiguity. It emphasizes that perception is an inherently ambiguous problem that requires using prior knowledge about the world.
Image Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation
Semantic Segmentation
Instance Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation Techniques based on the image properties:
Threshold Method.
Edge Based Segmentation.
Region-Based Segmentation.
Clustering Based Segmentation.
Watershed Based Method.
Artificial Neural Network Based Segmentation.
The hit-and-miss transform is a binary morphological operation that can detect particular patterns in an image. It uses a structuring element containing foreground and background pixels to search an image. If the structuring element pattern matches the image pixels underneath, the output pixel is set to foreground, otherwise it is set to background. The hit-and-miss transform can find features like corners, endpoints, and junctions and is used to implement other morphological operations like thinning and thickening. It is performed by matching the structuring element at all points in the image.
This document discusses pattern recognition. It defines a pattern as a set of measurements describing a physical object and a pattern class as a set of patterns sharing common attributes. Pattern recognition involves relating perceived patterns to previously perceived patterns to classify them. The goals are to put patterns into categories and learn to distinguish patterns of interest. Examples of pattern recognition applications include optical character recognition, biometrics, medical diagnosis, and military target recognition. Common approaches to pattern recognition are statistical, neural networks, and structural. The process involves data acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, classification, and post-processing. An example of classifying fish into salmon and sea bass is provided.
The document summarizes statistical pattern recognition techniques. It is divided into 9 sections that cover topics like dimensionality reduction, classifiers, classifier combination, and unsupervised classification. The goal of pattern recognition is supervised or unsupervised classification of patterns based on features. Dimensionality reduction aims to reduce the number of features to address the curse of dimensionality when samples are limited. Multiple classifiers can be combined through techniques like stacking, bagging, and boosting. Unsupervised classification uses clustering algorithms to construct decision boundaries without labeled training data.
Object recognition in computer vision involves finding objects in images or video. It is challenging due to variations in objects' appearance from different viewpoints, scales, rotations, or partial obstructions. An object recognition system must have four main components: a model database containing object models, a feature detector to identify distinguishing characteristics, a hypothesizer to generate potential object matches, and a hypothesis verifier to confirm the best match using the models. Key considerations for the system include how objects and their features are represented, which features to extract, how to select potential matches, and how to verify the most likely object.
Machine Learning - Convolutional Neural NetworkRichard Kuo
The document provides an overview of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for visual recognition. It discusses the basic concepts of CNNs such as convolutional layers, activation functions, pooling layers, and network architectures. Examples of classic CNN architectures like LeNet-5 and AlexNet are presented. Modern architectures such as Inception and ResNet are also discussed. Code examples for image classification using TensorFlow, Keras, and Fastai are provided.
In this project, we propose methods for semantic segmentation with the deep learning state-of-the-art models. Moreover,
we want to filterize the segmentation to the specific object in specific application. Instead of concentrating on unnecessary objects we
can focus on special ones and make it more specialize and effecient for special purposes. Furtheromore, In this project, we leverage
models that are suitable for face segmentation. The models that are used in this project are Mask-RCNN and DeepLabv3. The
experimental results clearly indicate that how illustrated approach are efficient and robust in the segmentation task to the previous work
in the field of segmentation. These models are reached to 74.4 and 86.6 precision of Mean of Intersection over Union. The visual
Results of the models are shown in Appendix part.
PPT on BRAIN TUMOR detection in MRI images based on IMAGE SEGMENTATION khanam22
The document presents three methods for tumor detection in MRI images: 1) K-means clustering with watershed algorithm, 2) Optimized K-means using genetic algorithm, and 3) Optimized C-means using genetic algorithm. It evaluates each method, finding that C-means clustering with genetic algorithm most accurately detects tumors by assigning data points to multiple clusters and finding the optimal solution in less time. The proposed approach successfully detects tumors with high accuracy, identifies the tumor area and internal structure, and provides a colorized output image.
In machine learning, a convolutional neural network is a class of deep, feed-forward artificial neural networks that have successfully been applied fpr analyzing visual imagery.
A Novel Framework For Numerical Character Recognition With Zoning Distance Fe...IJERD Editor
Advancements of Computer technology has made every organization to implement the automatic processing systems for its activities. One of the examples is the recognition of handwritten characters, which has always been a challenging task in image processing and pattern recognition. In this paper we propose Zone based features for recognition of the handwritten characters. In this zoning approach a digit image is divided into 8x8 zones and centre pixel is computed for each zone. This procedure is sequentially repeated for entire zone. Finally features are extracted for classification and recognition.
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO CONTENT BASED IMAGERETRIEVAL by MadhuMadhu Rock
This document summarizes an integrated approach to content-based image retrieval. It discusses extracting both color and texture features from images using color moments and local binary patterns. The system is tested on a database of 1000 images across 10 classes. Results show the integrated approach of using both color and texture features provides more accurate retrievals than using either feature alone. Evaluation metrics like precision, recall and accuracy are calculated to quantitatively analyze the system's performance. Overall, the proposed multi-feature approach is found to improve content-based image retrieval compared to single-feature methods.
image classification is a common problem in Artificial Intelligence , we used CIFR10 data set and tried a lot of methods to reach a high test accuracy like neural networks and Transfer learning techniques .
you can view the source code and the papers we read on github : https://github.com/Asma-Hawari/Machine-Learning-Project-
The document discusses human action recognition using spatio-temporal features. It proposes using optical flow and shape-based features to form motion descriptors, which are then classified using Adaboost. Targets are localized using background subtraction. Optical flows within localized regions are organized into a histogram to describe motion. Differential shape information is also captured. The descriptors are used to train a strong classifier with Adaboost that can recognize actions in testing videos.
This document discusses image segmentation techniques. It describes how segmentation partitions an image into meaningful regions based on discontinuities or similarities in pixel intensity. The key methods covered are thresholding, edge detection using gradient and Laplacian operators, and the Hough transform for global line detection. Adaptive thresholding is also introduced as a technique to handle uneven illumination.
Image registration is a process that aligns pixels in two images to correspond to the same point in a scene. It allows images to be combined or focused in a way that improves information extraction. Some applications of image registration include stereo imaging, remote sensing, comparing images over time, and finding where a template matches an image. Template matching is used to find the best match between a template and image by measuring similarity or mismatch between them. Cross-correlation is commonly used as a similarity measure for template matching.
This document discusses research on human action recognition using skeleton data. It introduces issues with skeleton-based action recognition, such as variable scales, view orientations, noise and rate/intra-action variations. It then reviews previous work on skeleton-based action recognition using hand-crafted features and deep learning models. The document proposes two ensemble deep learning models called Ensemble TS-LSTM v1 and v2 that use temporal sliding LSTMs to capture short, medium and long-term dependencies from skeleton sequences for action recognition. Experimental results on standard datasets demonstrate the models outperform previous methods.
its very useful for students.
Sharpening process in spatial domain
Direct Manipulation of image Pixels.
The objective of Sharpening is to highlight transitions in intensity
The image blurring is accomplished by pixel averaging in a neighborhood.
Since averaging is analogous to integration.
Prepared by
M. Sahaya Pretha
Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
MS University, Tirunelveli Dist, Tamilnadu.
This document provides an overview of facial recognition technology. It discusses the history of facial recognition, how the technology works by detecting nodal points on faces and creating faceprints for identification. It also covers implementations, comparing images to templates to verify or identify individuals, and applications in security and surveillance. Strengths are its non-invasive nature, but it can be impacted by changes in appearance.
This document provides a 3 sentence summary of a lecture on image enhancement through histogram specification. The lecture discusses performing histogram equalization on an input image to match the histogram of a target image through mapping the pixel values. Any questions about histogram specification or equalization are welcome at the end.
This document provides an overview of a course on computer vision called CSCI 455: Intro to Computer Vision. It acknowledges that many of the course slides were modified from other similar computer vision courses. The course will cover topics like image filtering, projective geometry, stereo vision, structure from motion, face detection, object recognition, and convolutional neural networks. It highlights current applications of computer vision like biometrics, mobile apps, self-driving cars, medical imaging, and more. The document discusses challenges in computer vision like viewpoint and illumination variations, occlusion, and local ambiguity. It emphasizes that perception is an inherently ambiguous problem that requires using prior knowledge about the world.
Image Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation
Semantic Segmentation
Instance Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation Techniques based on the image properties:
Threshold Method.
Edge Based Segmentation.
Region-Based Segmentation.
Clustering Based Segmentation.
Watershed Based Method.
Artificial Neural Network Based Segmentation.
The hit-and-miss transform is a binary morphological operation that can detect particular patterns in an image. It uses a structuring element containing foreground and background pixels to search an image. If the structuring element pattern matches the image pixels underneath, the output pixel is set to foreground, otherwise it is set to background. The hit-and-miss transform can find features like corners, endpoints, and junctions and is used to implement other morphological operations like thinning and thickening. It is performed by matching the structuring element at all points in the image.
This document discusses pattern recognition. It defines a pattern as a set of measurements describing a physical object and a pattern class as a set of patterns sharing common attributes. Pattern recognition involves relating perceived patterns to previously perceived patterns to classify them. The goals are to put patterns into categories and learn to distinguish patterns of interest. Examples of pattern recognition applications include optical character recognition, biometrics, medical diagnosis, and military target recognition. Common approaches to pattern recognition are statistical, neural networks, and structural. The process involves data acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, classification, and post-processing. An example of classifying fish into salmon and sea bass is provided.
The document summarizes statistical pattern recognition techniques. It is divided into 9 sections that cover topics like dimensionality reduction, classifiers, classifier combination, and unsupervised classification. The goal of pattern recognition is supervised or unsupervised classification of patterns based on features. Dimensionality reduction aims to reduce the number of features to address the curse of dimensionality when samples are limited. Multiple classifiers can be combined through techniques like stacking, bagging, and boosting. Unsupervised classification uses clustering algorithms to construct decision boundaries without labeled training data.
Object recognition in computer vision involves finding objects in images or video. It is challenging due to variations in objects' appearance from different viewpoints, scales, rotations, or partial obstructions. An object recognition system must have four main components: a model database containing object models, a feature detector to identify distinguishing characteristics, a hypothesizer to generate potential object matches, and a hypothesis verifier to confirm the best match using the models. Key considerations for the system include how objects and their features are represented, which features to extract, how to select potential matches, and how to verify the most likely object.
Machine Learning - Convolutional Neural NetworkRichard Kuo
The document provides an overview of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for visual recognition. It discusses the basic concepts of CNNs such as convolutional layers, activation functions, pooling layers, and network architectures. Examples of classic CNN architectures like LeNet-5 and AlexNet are presented. Modern architectures such as Inception and ResNet are also discussed. Code examples for image classification using TensorFlow, Keras, and Fastai are provided.
In this project, we propose methods for semantic segmentation with the deep learning state-of-the-art models. Moreover,
we want to filterize the segmentation to the specific object in specific application. Instead of concentrating on unnecessary objects we
can focus on special ones and make it more specialize and effecient for special purposes. Furtheromore, In this project, we leverage
models that are suitable for face segmentation. The models that are used in this project are Mask-RCNN and DeepLabv3. The
experimental results clearly indicate that how illustrated approach are efficient and robust in the segmentation task to the previous work
in the field of segmentation. These models are reached to 74.4 and 86.6 precision of Mean of Intersection over Union. The visual
Results of the models are shown in Appendix part.
PPT on BRAIN TUMOR detection in MRI images based on IMAGE SEGMENTATION khanam22
The document presents three methods for tumor detection in MRI images: 1) K-means clustering with watershed algorithm, 2) Optimized K-means using genetic algorithm, and 3) Optimized C-means using genetic algorithm. It evaluates each method, finding that C-means clustering with genetic algorithm most accurately detects tumors by assigning data points to multiple clusters and finding the optimal solution in less time. The proposed approach successfully detects tumors with high accuracy, identifies the tumor area and internal structure, and provides a colorized output image.
In machine learning, a convolutional neural network is a class of deep, feed-forward artificial neural networks that have successfully been applied fpr analyzing visual imagery.
A Novel Framework For Numerical Character Recognition With Zoning Distance Fe...IJERD Editor
Advancements of Computer technology has made every organization to implement the automatic processing systems for its activities. One of the examples is the recognition of handwritten characters, which has always been a challenging task in image processing and pattern recognition. In this paper we propose Zone based features for recognition of the handwritten characters. In this zoning approach a digit image is divided into 8x8 zones and centre pixel is computed for each zone. This procedure is sequentially repeated for entire zone. Finally features are extracted for classification and recognition.
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO CONTENT BASED IMAGERETRIEVAL by MadhuMadhu Rock
This document summarizes an integrated approach to content-based image retrieval. It discusses extracting both color and texture features from images using color moments and local binary patterns. The system is tested on a database of 1000 images across 10 classes. Results show the integrated approach of using both color and texture features provides more accurate retrievals than using either feature alone. Evaluation metrics like precision, recall and accuracy are calculated to quantitatively analyze the system's performance. Overall, the proposed multi-feature approach is found to improve content-based image retrieval compared to single-feature methods.
The document discusses four different methods for Bangla handwritten digit recognition. Method 1 uses preprocessing techniques like binarization, noise reduction, and segmentation followed by feature extraction and classification with a CNN. It achieves 94% accuracy. Method 2 also uses a CNN called MathNET with data augmentation, achieving 97% accuracy. Method 3 uses preprocessing, HOG feature extraction, and an SVM classifier, achieving 97.08% accuracy. Method 4 develops a dataset, performs data augmentation, uses a multi-layer CNN model with ensembling, and achieves 96.788% accuracy even on noisy images. The methods demonstrate high and improving recognition accuracy for Bangla handwritten digits.
Review of ocr techniques used in automatic mail sorting of postal envelopessipij
This paper presents a review of various OCR techniq
ues used in the automatic mail sorting process. A
complete description on various existing methods fo
r address block extraction and digit recognition th
at
were used in the literature is discussed. The objec
tive of this study is to provide a complete overvie
w about
the methods and techniques used by many researchers
for automating the mail sorting process in postal
service in various countries. The significance of Z
ip code or Pincode recognition is discussed.
Document clustering for forensic analysis an approach for improving compute...Madan Golla
The document proposes an approach to apply document clustering algorithms to forensic analysis of computers seized in police investigations. It discusses using six representative clustering algorithms - K-means, K-medoids, Single/Complete/Average Link hierarchical clustering, and CSPA ensemble clustering. The approach estimates the number of clusters automatically from the data using validity indexes like silhouette, in order to facilitate computer inspection and speed up the analysis process compared to examining each document individually.
IRJET - Object Detection using Hausdorff DistanceIRJET Journal
This document proposes using Hausdorff distance for object detection as it can better handle noise compared to other methods like Euclidean distance. The document discusses preprocessing images using Gaussian filtering for noise cancellation. It then represents shapes as point sets for feature extraction before using Hausdorff distance to match shapes between reference and test images for object recognition. Encouraging results were obtained when testing on MNIST, COIL and private handwritten digit datasets.
IRJET- Object Detection using Hausdorff DistanceIRJET Journal
This document proposes a new object recognition system using Hausdorff distance. The system aims to improve on existing methods like YOLO that struggle with small objects and can capture garbage data. The document outlines preprocessing steps like noise cancellation, representing shapes as point sets, and extracting features. It then describes using Hausdorff distance and shape context to find the best match between input and reference shapes. Testing on datasets showed encouraging results for recognizing handwritten digits.
This document discusses a method for handwritten character recognition using a K-nearest neighbors (K-NN) classification algorithm. It begins by introducing the problem of handwritten character recognition and the challenges involved. It then describes the main steps of the proposed method: preprocessing the image data, extracting features, and classifying characters using K-NN. The document tests the method on the MNIST dataset of handwritten digits, achieving an accuracy of 97.67%. It concludes that the method is able to accurately recognize handwritten characters independently of size, font, or writer style.
Self-Directing Text Detection and Removal from Images with SmoothingPriyanka Wagh
This document presents a method for self-directing text detection and removal from images using smoothing and exemplar-based inpainting (TLES+EBI). It introduces the problem of existing text detection systems requiring technical skills and outlines objectives to improve automaticity and visually plausible region filling. The methodology applies L0 gradient minimization smoothing to text detection, followed by exemplar-based inpainting for hole filling. Experimental results show smoothing improves detection rates while exemplar-based inpainting decreases MSE and increases PSNR compared to other methods. The document concludes the approach achieves better text detection and visually plausible region filling.
Feature integration for image information retrieval using image mining techni...iaemedu
This document discusses feature extraction techniques for image information retrieval. It proposes integrating features using image mining to generate a super set of features. It describes extracting primitive features of color, texture, and shape. Color is extracted using histograms in RGB color space. Texture is extracted statistically using co-occurrence matrices and wavelet transforms. Shape is extracted using boundary-based and region-based methods like Canny edge detection. The document asserts that integrating features, such as color and texture or texture and shape, results in better performance than using features individually for image retrieval.
A Review of Feature Extraction Techniques for CBIR based on SVMIJEEE
As with the advancement of multimedia technologies, users are not gratified with the conventional retrieval system techniques. So a application “Content Based Image Retrieval System” is introduced. CBIR is the application to retrieve the images or to search the digital images from the large database .The term “content” deals with the colour, shape, texture and all the information which is extracted from the image itself. This paper reviews the CBIR system which uses SVM classifier based algorithms for feature extraction phase.
SYNOPSIS on Parse representation and Linear SVM.bhavinecindus
1. The document discusses a thesis on using sparse feature parameterization and multi-kernel SVM for large scale scene classification. The objective is to improve accuracy for large datasets using sparse representations and machine learning algorithms.
2. Key challenges include high dimensionality reducing accuracy for large datasets, nonlinear distributions, and computational costs of deep learning models. The research aims to address these issues.
3. The motivation from literature shows that multi-kernel SVMs have proved effective but could be improved by minimizing redundancy and optimizing kernel parameters for feature sets.
The document presents a hybrid approach for detecting and recognizing text in images. It consists of three main steps:
1) Image partition using k-means clustering to segment text regions based on color information.
2) Character grouping to detect text characters within each text string based on character size differences and distance between characters.
3) Text recognition of detected characters using a neural network.
The proposed method was evaluated on a street view text dataset, achieving a precision of 0.83, recall of 0.93, and f-measure of 0.25 for text recognition. The approach efficiently and accurately detects and recognizes text with low false positives.
Segmentation and recognition of handwritten digit numeral string using a mult...ijfcstjournal
In this paper, the use of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) Neural Network model is proposed for recognizing
unconstrained offline handwritten Numeral strings. The Numeral strings are segmented and isolated
numerals are obtained using a connected component labeling (CCL) algorithm approach. The structural
part of the models has been modeled using a Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network. This paper also
presents a new technique to remove slope and slant from handwritten numeral string and to normalize the
size of text images and classify with supervised learning methods. Experimental results on a database of
102 numeral string patterns written by 3 different people show that a recognition rate of 99.7% is obtained
on independent digits contained in the numeral string of digits includes both the skewed and slant data.
Feature Extraction and Feature Selection using Textual Analysisvivatechijri
After pre-processing the images in character recognition systems, the images are segmented based on
certain characteristics known as “features”. The feature space identified for character recognition is however
ranging across a huge dimensionality. To solve this problem of dimensionality, the feature selection and feature
extraction methods are used. Hereby in this paper, we are going to discuss, the different techniques for feature
extraction and feature selection and how these techniques are used to reduce the dimensionality of feature space
to improve the performance of text categorization.
Comparative study of two methods for Handwritten Devanagari Numeral RecognitionIOSR Journals
Abstract : In this paper two different methods for Numeral Recognition are proposed and their results are
compared. The objective of this paper is to provide an efficient and reliable method for recognition of
handwritten numerals. First method employs Grid based feature extraction and recognition algorithm. In this
method the features of the image are extracted by using grid technique and this feature set is then compared
with the feature set of database image for classification. While second method contains Image Centroid Zone
and Zone Centroid Zone algorithms for feature extraction and the features are applied to Artificial Neural
Network for recognition of input image. Machine text recognition is important research area because of its
applications in many areas like Bank, Post office, Hospitals etc.
Keywords: Handwritten Numeral Recognition, Grid Technique, ANN, Feature Extraction, Classification.
Morichetta, A., Casas, P., & Mellia, M. (2019). EXPLAIN-IT: Towards explainable AI for unsupervised network traffic analysis. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM CoNEXT Workshop on Big DAta, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Data Communication Networks (pp. 22–28).
Image Features Matching and Classification Using Machine LearningIRJET Journal
This document presents a research paper that proposes a new methodology for image feature matching and classification using machine learning. The paper aims to improve accuracy and robustness in feature extraction and matching between digital images. The proposed methodology extracts features from images using machine learning, matches common features between images, and classifies objects. It is evaluated based on precision, recall, and F1-score, and shows improved performance over traditional Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) techniques on tested datasets with different objects. The proposed approach extracts fewer features and takes less computation time than traditional methods.
Performance Evaluation Of Ontology And Fuzzybase Cbiracijjournal
In This Paper, We Have Done Performance Evaluation Of Ontology Using Low-Level Features Like
Color, Texture And Shape Based Cbir, With Topic Specific Cbir.The Resulting Ontology Can Be Used
To Extract The Appropriate Images From The Image Database. Retrieving Appropriate Images From An
Image Database Is One Of The Difficult Tasks In Multimedia Technology. Our Results Show That The
Values Of Recall And Precision Can Be Enhanced And This Also Shows That Semantic Gap Can Also Be
Reduced. The Proposed Algorithm Also Extracts The Texture Values From The Images Automatically
With Also Its Category (Like Smooth, Course Etc) As Well As Its Technical Interpretation
Similar to Introduction to image processing and pattern recognition (20)
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
3. Introduction to Image Processing
• Image processing is the field that deals with the type of
signal for which the input is an image and output is also
an image.
• As it’s name suggest, it deals with the processing on
image.
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4. Introduction to Image processing
Image Processing
Analog Image Processing Digital Image Processing
• 2D Analog signals
• Television image
• Develops a digital system
that performs operation on
an digital image
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5. Introduction to Image Processing
Applications:
• Image sharpening and restoration
• Medical field
• Remote sensing
• Transmission and encoding
• Machine/robot vision
• Color processing
• Pattern recognition
• Video processing
• Microscopic imaging
• Others
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6. Introduction to Pattern Recognition
• Pattern recognition is the scientific discipline whose goal
is “The classification of objects into a number of
categories or classes”.
• It is an integral part of most machine intelligence
system, build for decision making.
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7. Introduction to Pattern Recognition
Application:
• Character (number/letter) recognition
• Computer aided diagnosis
• Speech recognition
• Data mining and knowledge discovery
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8. Paper1 (Elsevier Journal)
Title :
A ranking-based feature selection approach for handwritten
character recognition
Year : 2018
Authors:
Nicole Dalia Ciliaa, Claudio De Stefanoa,**, Francesco
Fontanellaa, Alessandra Scotto di Frecaa
(Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, University of Cassino and
Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), ITALY)
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9. • The aim of feature selection is that of reducing the
computational cost of the classification task, in an
attempt to increase, or not to reduce, the classification
performance.
• In the framework of handwriting recognition, the large
variability of the handwriting of different writers makes
the selection of appropriate feature sets even more
complex and have been widely investigated.
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10. • To overcome some of the drawbacks by adopting a feature-
ranking-based technique: we considered different univariate
measures to produce a feature ranking and we proposed a
greedy search approach for choosing the feature subset able
to maximize the classification results.
• In the experiments, we considered one of the most effective
and widely used set of features in handwriting recognition to
verify whether our approach allows us to obtain good
classification results by selecting a reduced set of features.
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11. • Related work:
The feature selection step consists of three basic steps:
A search procedure for searching candidate feature
subset.
A feature subset evaluation strategy
A stopping criterion
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12. • The feature set considered:
The feature of SET1 measures three properties of a
segmented image representing an input sample related to
the concavity, to the contour and to the character surface.
Total 132 features.
The feature set SET2 is used for describing the MFEAT
(multiple feature) dataset, publicly available from the UCI
machine learning repository. Total 649 features divided into
6 groups.
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13. FOU:76 Fourier coefficients of the character shapes
ZER:47 Zernike moments
MOR:6 morphological features
KAR:64 karhunen-love coefficients
PIX: 240 pixel averages in 2X3 window
FAC: 216 profile correlation
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15. • Experimental Results:
Three sets of experiments are performed:
First, we use SET1 for representing the sample of three real word
database, namely NIST, Rimes database, and a db of characters
segmented from postal address(PD)
Second, we perform a similar analysis but using the SET2.
Third, we characterized the group features exhibiting higher
discriminant power for both the SET1 and SET2.
K-NN, Bagging and Random forest are used for evaluation of
selected feature subset.
17
16. fig: Experimental results on NIST database using K-NN (a), Bagging (b)
and Random Forest (c) classifiers 18
17. • Conclusion:
The result of experiments suggests that the idea of using
a reduced feature set, namely that obtained by
discarding the features in lower position of the ranking,
can provide very interesting result.
Reducing the computational complexity of the whole
recognition system with very limited effect on the
classification performance.
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18. • Future work:
To use other more complex and computationally
expensive feature selection technique on reduced feature
subset, obtained by selecting the features in highest
position on the ranking.
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19. Paper 2(IEEE journal)
Title:
Multilingual Character Segmentation and Recognition
Schemes for Indian Document Images
Year : 2018
Author:
Parul Sahare and Sanjay B. Dhok
(Department of Electronics & Communication, Centre of VLSI & Nanotechnology,
Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur)
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20. • robust algorithms for character segmentation and recognition are
presented.
• These documents generally suffer from their layout organizations,
local skews and low print quality and contain intermixed texts
(machineprinted and handwritten).
• In proposed character segmentation algorithm, primary
segmentation paths are obtained using structural property of
characters, whereas overlapped and joined characters are
separated using graph distance theory.
• Finally, segmentation results are validated using highly accurate
Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier.
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21. • For proposed character recognition algorithm, three new
geometrical shape based features are computed. First and
second features are formed with respect to the center pixel
of character, whereas neighborhood information of text
pixels is used for the calculation of third feature.
• For recognizing the input character, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-
NN) classifier is used, as it has intrinsically zero training time.
• Comprehensive experiments are carried out on different
databases containing printed as well as handwritten texts.
23
22. Fig: structure of proposed work for character segmentation and recognition
24
25. • Conclusion:
In this paper, two new algorithms are proposed for character
segmentation and recognition(FCDF & FCCF) for multilingual Indic
documents consisting of printed and handwritten texts.
Highest SR of 98.86% is obtained on proprietary database of Latin script.
Proposed recognition algorithm shows highest accuracy of 99.84% on
Chars74k numerals database.
Comparatively 0.2-0.5% higher RRs are obtained when k-NN is used with
city block distance relative to other distances. Proposed algorithm is 2.7-
12.4% more efficient on numerals databases as compared to databases
contain alphabets.
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