OPD is the mirror of the hospital, which reflects the functioning of the hospital being the first point of contact between the patient and the hospital staff.
Patients visit the OPD for various purposes, like consultation, day care treatment, investigation, referral, admission and post discharge follow up. Not only for treatment but also for preventing and promotive services like, health check up, Immunisation, Physio-therapy and so on.
Inpatient Department consists of a wards with Nursing Station,Beds, and all other facilities & services necessary for good patient care. It is one of the important aspects of hospital as every ratios and calculation for hospital planning and designing process.
A compilation of those areas of IPD which are usually not covered in classrooms. A greater emphasis on the management aspect with examples from existing hospitals in INDIA
Hospital, types, organization & functionSaili Gaude
Class: First year BSc Nursing
Subject: Fundamentals of nursing
Unit : I - Introduction
Brief lecture on hospital, its types, functions and organization.
Hours distributed: 1 hour
OPD is the mirror of the hospital, which reflects the functioning of the hospital being the first point of contact between the patient and the hospital staff.
Patients visit the OPD for various purposes, like consultation, day care treatment, investigation, referral, admission and post discharge follow up. Not only for treatment but also for preventing and promotive services like, health check up, Immunisation, Physio-therapy and so on.
Inpatient Department consists of a wards with Nursing Station,Beds, and all other facilities & services necessary for good patient care. It is one of the important aspects of hospital as every ratios and calculation for hospital planning and designing process.
A compilation of those areas of IPD which are usually not covered in classrooms. A greater emphasis on the management aspect with examples from existing hospitals in INDIA
Hospital, types, organization & functionSaili Gaude
Class: First year BSc Nursing
Subject: Fundamentals of nursing
Unit : I - Introduction
Brief lecture on hospital, its types, functions and organization.
Hours distributed: 1 hour
A hospital is a healthcare facility that provides specialized medical and nursing care as well as medical supplies to patients. The most well-known form of the hospital is the general hospital, which usually carries an emergency department to handle urgent health issues such as fire and accident victims, as well as medical emergencies.
According to the hospital definition, a district hospital is usually the region's primary healthcare facility, with a large number of intensive-care beds and extra beds for patients who need long-term care. Trauma centres, children's hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, hospitals, and seniors' (geriatric) hospitals for coping with particular medical conditions such as psychiatric care are also examples of specialized hospitals and several other disease categories. When opposed to general hospitals, specialized hospitals can help save money on health care. Based on the source of revenue, hospitals are categorized as general, specialized, or government.
introduction to hospital and hospital pharmacyRavish Yadav
complete and detail learning on the introduction to the hospital and hospital pharmacy. this ppt help to learn more on this topic for the teachers , students as well as health care professionals
this presentation is help to the First year G.N.M., B.Sc. & POST Basic nursing student for the gainning the knoweldge & information regarding the hospital's type, characteristic, function & their distribution, & work about the hospital.
this presentation is based on the organisation and structure of hospital and hospital pharmacy
including various layout design anf pharmacist requirement according to number of beds and patients and the role and responsibilities of hospital pharmacist .
Hospital:
Definition
Classification
Functions of hospitals
Requirements for Hospital
Q. Differences between General Hospital and Specialized Hospital
Hospital Pharmacy
Objectives of hospital pharmacy
Functions of general hospital pharmacy
Operational functions of hospital pharmacy
Administrative structure of hospital pharmacy
Abilities and responsibilities of hospital pharmacist
In the changing scenario of pharmacy practice in India, for successful practice of
Hospital Pharmacy, the students are required to learn various skills like drug distribution,
drug dispensing, manufacturing of parenteral preparations, drug information, patient
counselling, and therapeutic drug monitoring for improved patient care.
Hospital and it’s organization
Definition, Classification of hospital- Primary, Secondary and Tertiary hospitals, Classification based on clinical and non- clinical basis, Organization Structure of a Hospital, and Medical staffs involved in the
hospital and their functions.
Unit 1 Hospital by Ravinandan A P 2024.pptxRavinandan A P
Unit-1 Hospital and it’s organization: Definition
Classification of hospital- Primary, Secondary and Tertiary hospitals
Classification based on clinical and non-clinical basis
Organization Structure of a Hospital
Medical staffs involved in the hospital and their functions.
Unit 1 Hospital by Ravinandan A P 2022 RaviNandan27
Hospital Definition, Classification of hospital- Primary, Secondary and Tertiary hospitals, Classification based on clinical and non- clinical basis, Organization Structure of a Hospital
Unit 1 Hospital by Ravinandan A P 2022RaviNandan27
Hospital Definition, Classification of hospital- Primary, Secondary and Tertiary hospitals, Classification based on clinical and non- clinical basis, Organization Structure of a Hospital
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
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2. ETYMOLOGY
• The English word “Hospital,"
originates from the Latin word
“Hospile”, also some view that it
comes from the French word
“Hospitale”.
3. • All these institutions are meant for
treating their clients, although the
style may be different.
• The term Hospital means an
establishment or temporary space
occupied by the sick or injured.
Hospital is an institution in which
sick or injured persons are treated.
4. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS
• The most commonly accepted
criteria for classification of
modern hospitals are according
to :
1.Length of stay of patient.
2.Clinical basis.
5. 3.Ownership / control basis.
4.Objectives.
5.Size.
6.Management.
7.System of medicine
13. LENGTH OF STAY
• A patient stays for a short time
in hospital for treatment of
disease that is acute in nature,
such as pneumonia, peptic ulcer,
etc.
14. • A patient may stay for a long term in
a hospital for treatment of diseases
that are chronic in nature such as
TB, Leprosy, Cancer etc.
• The hospitals according to long term
& short term are also known as
Chronic care hospitals & acute care
hospitals.
15. CLINICAL BASIS
• These are licensed hospitals &
are considered as general
hospitals, treat all kinds of
diseases, major focus on treating
condition such as heart diseases,
cancer etc.
16. OWNERSHIP / CONTROL
• On the basis of ownership /
control, hospitals can be divided
into four categories:
18. OBJECTIVES
• Teaching Cum Research Hospitals : It
is a hospital to which a college is
attached for medical/ nursing/
dental/ pharmacy education. The
main objective of these hospitals is
teaching based on research & the
provision of health care is
secondary. AIIMS, JIPMER
19. • General Hospitals : Are hospitals
that provide treatment for
common diseases &
conditions.The main objective of
these hospitals are to provide
medical care to the people, Eg:
PHC, Rural Taluk Hospitals
20. SPECIALIZED HOSPITALS
• SPECIALIZED HOSPITALS : Are
those that provide medical &
nursing care primarily for only on
discipline on a specific disease or
condition of one system such as
TB, ENT, Leprosy,STD, etc.
21. ISOLATION HOSPITALS
• ISOLATION HOSPITALS : Are
those hospitals in which the
persons suffering from infections
/ communicable diseases require
isolation. E.g. Epidemic disease
hospital, Bangalore.
22. SIZE
• Teaching Hospital 500 beds (to
be increased according to the
number of students).
• District Hospitals - 200 beds, (to
be increased up to 300 according
to the population).
23. • Taluka Hospital – 50 beds (May
raised depending upon
population to be served).
• Primary Health Centers -6 (may
be raised up to 10 )
24. MANAGEMENT
1. Union Government/Govt of
India : Railway hospitals, Defense
hospitals, etc.
2.State Govt Hospitals : Hospitals
administered by state/ Union
territory including police, prison,
irrigation department.
25. 3.Local Bodies
Hospitals that are administered
by local bodies i.e. municipal
corporation, zila parishad,
panchayat, corporation
maternity hospitals.
26. 4.Autonomous bodies
4.Autonomous bodies : Hospitals
that are established under
special act of parliament or state
legislation & funded by Central/
state Govt; AIIMS.
28. 6.Voluntary agency
• All hospitals operated by a
voluntary body/ a
trust/charitable society etc. It
includes hospitals run by
missionary bodies & co
operations. E.g. CMC Vellore.
29. SYSTEM
• 1.Allopathic Hospitals.
• 2.Ayurvedic Hospitals.
• 3.Homeopathic Hospitals.
• 4.Unani Hospitals.
• 5.Hospitals of other systems of
medicine.
36. FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL
1. Care of sick & injured.
2. Prevention of disease.
3. Promotion of health.
4. Diagnosis of treatment of
disease.
5. Scientific application of mental
hygiene & mental therapy.
38. 1.CARE OF THE SICK & INJURED
• Hospital is a medical institution
where client suffering from some
disease/health problems is
getting treated & cared.
Comprehensive care is provided
to the sick/injured client by
health care team.
39. • Clients are treated according to
priority or needs. E.g. Emergency
care is provided to client with
heart attack than the client who
comes with a general illness.
40. 2.PREVENTION OF DISEASE
• Prevention of disease is
accomplished by early screening
& detection of risk. Maintaining
aseptic technic, following the
principles of medical care can
prevent the occurrence of
certain complications.
41. 3.PROMOTION OF HEALTH
• A client who is maintaining his
health can accomplish higher
level of health. In hospital
setting, various aspects of health
promotion are taken. E.g. health
education, supplementation, &
regular checkup.
42. 4.DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT
OF DISEASE
• As soon the client approaches
the health care team, a complete
assessment is done. Afterward
medical diagnosis is made &
treatment is started.
43. 5.SCIENTIFIC APPLICATION OF
MENTAL HYGEINE & MENTAL
THERAPY
• Mental health is an important
aspect of a healthy person. Clients
suffering from stress, mental health
problems are treated in hospitals.
Counseling is also done in the
hospital setting.
44. 6.REHABILITATION
• Rehabilitation is a process where an
individual is re educated,
particularly where an individual has
been ill/injured, to enable them for
becoming capable of useful activity.
E.g. Care of a person who has
undergone amputation.
45. 7.MEDICAL EDUCATION
• Hospitals attached to medical,
nursing colleges provide medical &
nursing education. The students
are taught how to care for a client,
how to provide indivualized care,
how to tackle emergency, & clinical
knowledge.
46. 8.RESEARCH
• Incidence, prevalence rates,
morbidity & mortality rates
are calculated from the
hospital settings. Prevalence
of disease is done by
conducting research.