A hospital provides medical, nursing, and health services to patients. Its main functions include prevention, treatment, training, and research. For treatment, hospitals have inpatient and outpatient departments. The inpatient department admits patients who need close monitoring during procedures, while the outpatient department provides services without admission. Hospitals also have departments for medical care, nursing, surgery, pharmacy, rehabilitation, radiology, laboratories, dietary, and sterile supplies.

1. HOSPITAL- ITS FUNCTIONS AND
DEPARTMENTS

2. Hospital
Definition:
A hospital is a health care institution with
an organized medical and professional staff,
and with permanent facilities that include in-
patient beds. Provide medical, nursing and
other health related services to patients.

3. Hospital
Functions of the hospital:
1) Preventive function
2) Curative function
3) Training function
4) Research function

4. Hospital
1) Preventive function:
o it is an emerging secondary function for
the hospital and concerned with health
promotion
o It is geared toward providing the
preventive services through a community
health center
o It takes an active role to improve the
health of the population

5. Hospital
2) Curative function:
o it is the primary function of the hospital and
concerned with providing patient care
o It refers to any type of care given to the
patients by the health team members e.g.
physicians, nurses, dietitians……
o Also includes health education to patients

6. Hospital
3) Training function:
o It is a secondary function and concerned
with providing training and educational
courses for the professional and technical
personnel who provides health services
(e.g. physicians, nurses, dentists,
therapist………

7. Hospital
4) Research function:
o It is a secondary function and concerned with
conducting the health related researches that
focus on the improvement of the health and/or
prevention of diseases.

8. DEPARTMENTS OF HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL
DEPATMENTS
OUT PATIENT
DEPARTMENT
(OPD)
IN PATIENT
DEPARTMENT
(IPD)

9. OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT
• In OPD investigative and curative work
can be done without admitting the
client.

10. SCOPE
• Consultation, investigation, procedures,
speciality services
• Preventive and promotive health care
• Rehabilitation services
• Health education
• Counselling

11. INPATIENT DEPARTMENT
• “Inpatient" means that the procedure
requires the patient to be admitted to
the hospital, primarily so that he or she
can be closely monitored during the
procedure and afterwards, during
recovery.

12. OTHER DEPARTMENTS
• MEDICAL DEPARTMENT: Medical
superintendent is a doctor who has
control over all the medical department.
It includes medicine, paediatrics,
orthopaedics, skin, cardiology,
psychiatry etc.

13. • NURSING DEPARTMENT: The
nursing department consist of nursing
services and nursing education. The
primary aim is to provide
comprehensive, safe and
well organized nursing care
through the personnel of the
department

14. • OPERATION THEATRE: this consist of
one or more OT and other facilities.
There should be four zones- outer
zone, clean zone, sterile zone, disposal
zone.

15. • PHARMACY DEPARTMENT: the
pharmacy department has the
responsibility for purchasing,
compounding, storing dispensing all the
drugs.

16. • REHABLIATION UNIT: This
department deals with clients who have
functional disabilities resulting from
disease condition/injuries.

17. • RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT: the
department must be located in a place
where is easy accessibility of IP and
OP clients. This department has
following services:
a) X-ray
b) Ultrasonography
c) MRI and ECG
d) C.T scan and echocardiogram

18. • PARAMEDICAL DEPARTMENT: it
include the laboratory services and
blood bank facilities.
• DIETARY DEPARTMENT: it has the
responsibility for the food service to the
client according to their needs and
doctor’s prescription.

19. • CENTRAL STERILE SUPPLY
DEPARTMENT: This department
supply sterile articles throughout the
hospital.