introduction to circuit analysis and review of basic is given in details

1. Introduction to Circuit Analysis
and Review of Basic Concepts
Circuit Analysis II – EE 201

2. Contents
• OBE Assessment and CLO-PLO Mapping
• Weekly Distribution
• Book and Notes
• Electric Circuits and its components
• The Ohm’s Law
• Real, Reactive and Apparent Power
• Power Factor
• Voltage Division in Series Circuit
• Current Division in Parallel Circuit
• Branches, Nodes and Loops
• Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
• Kirchhoff’s Current Law
Georg Ohm

3. OBE Assessment and CLO-PLO Mapping

4. Weekly distribution and course contents

5. Book and Notes

6. Electrical Circuits and Its components
• Voltage is an electromotive force or potential difference expressed in
volts.
• Current is the rate at which electrons flow past a point in a complete
electrical circuit
• An electrical circuit is a path in which electrons from a voltage or
current source flow.
• Conventional Current flows from positive terminal of the battery to
the negative terminal
• Neutral point has zero voltage but current is does not sink here
• Ground terminal has zero value for both voltage and current.

7. Electrical Circuits and Its components
• Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current inside an electric
circuit
• Inductance is the measure of energy storage capability of a coil in the
form of magnetic field. It utilizes current.
• Capacitance is the measure of energy storage capacity of a capacitor
in form of electric field.
• Impedance is the net effect, produced by Resistance, Capacitance and
Inductance of a circuit.
• Z=R+Xc+XL

8. Electrical Circuits and Its components
• Open circuit has 0A current and voltage appears across its open
terminal same as the source(s) provided without drop
• Short Circuit has 0Ω Resistance and the current is undefined
• Capacitor makes a DC current based circuit open
• Inductor acts as short circuit to a DC current
• Sources are all power sources, there is no physical voltage or current
source. It is only in theoretical situations.

9. Electrical Circuits and Its components
• Total power has both active and reactive components
• Reactive powers are stored powers and they are released with the
source tends to produce power in opposite direction or turns off.
• Reactive power is also known as quadrature power because of its 90o
out of phase nature to the resistive quantities

10. Ohm’s Law
• V(volts)=I(Amperes)R(Ohms): V=IR
• v=iZ

11. Real, Reactive and Apparent Power
• Real Power (Power[P]) is measured for Resistors,
the real part of Z.
• Unit is Watt
• Apparent power(Total[S]) is measured for Complex
Impedance Z
• Unit is Volt-Ampere(VA)
• Reactive(Quadrature[Q]) Power is measured for
Imaginary part of Z
• Unit is Volt-Ampere Reactive (Var)
• A system is examined for Total power S, not just Q
or P

12. Power Factor
• Ratio of Real Power to Total Power
(cosθ=P/S)
• Determines the amount of energy
available for producing heat
• Power factor is zero for Capacitive and
Inductive Loads
• It has no unit

13. Series Resistance
• Elements in series each see the same current
• Resistors in series add
directly:
• Rac = Rab + Rbc
• Conductances in series add as the inverse of the
sum of their inverses

14. Voltage Division
VR = Vs*Same/Sum

15. Parallel Resistance
• Elements in parallel are each impressed with the same voltage
• Resistors in parallel add as the inverse of the sum of their inverses
• Conductance in parallel adds directly

16. Current Division
• IR = IS*Opp/Sum

17. KVL and KCL
• Node – any point where 2 or more circuit elements are connected together
• Wires usually have negligible resistance
• Each node has one voltage (w.r.t. ground)
• Branch – a circuit element between two nodes
• Loop – a collection of branches that form a closed path returning to the
same node without going through any other nodes or branches twice
• KCL is used for finding unknown voltages first
• KVL is used for finding unknown currents first

18. Branches, Nodes and Loops
• How many nodes, branches & loops?

19. Solution

20. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
• Total voltage across a single loop is always summed as Zero.
• Vt = 0 , ΣV = 0
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/dccircuits/kirchhoffs-voltage-law.html

21. Verification of KVL

22. Applying KVL

26. Kirchhoff’s Current Law
• Current Sum at any Node/Junction, if we sum up all outgoing and
entering currents at that branch, will be 0 Ampere.
• ΣI = 0
• KCL uses an additional neutral declaration while solving a circuit for
making equations manageable
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/dccircuits/kirchhoffs-current-law.html

27. Example

31. Thanks